Lorenzo Degli Esposti DEEP MILANO

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2 Lorenzo Degli Esposti DEEP MILANO

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4 Contents SPREZ ZA TU RA - LO REN ZO DE GLI ESPO STI 5 TEAM 1 - CASA RU STI CI BY P. LIN GE RI E G. TER RA GNI 13 TEAM 2 - TOR RE RA SI NI AND RE SI DEN TIAL BUIL DING BY E. LAN CIA AND G. PON TI 21 TEAM 3 - RE SI DEN TIAL BUIL DING IN VIA BRO LET TO BY FI GI NI AND POL LI NI 29 TEAM 4 - CASA AI GIAR DI NI D ER CO LE BY A. CA STEL LI FER RIE RI, I. GAR DEL LA, R. MEN GHI 39 TEAM 5 - CASA DEL CE DRO BY G. MI NO LET TI 49 TEAM 6 - RE SI DEN TIAL BUIL DING IN VIA LAN ZO NE BY G. AND V. LA TIS 60 TEAM 7 - CON DO MI NIO XXI APRI LE BY ASNA GO AND VEN DER 68 TEAM 8 - RE SI DEN TIAL, OF FI CE, COM MER CIAL, AND GA RA GE COM PLEX IN COR SO ITA LIA BY L. MO RET TI 79 TEAM 9 - PA LAZ ZO INA BY P. BOT TO NI 87 TEAM 10 - RE SI DEN TIAL BUIL DING IN VIA CA NO VA BY G. BE LOT TI 95 TEAM 11 - RE SI DEN TIAL BUIL DING IN VIA NIE VO 28/A BY L. CAC CIA DO MI NIO NI 103 FI NAL CRI TI QUE 112 LOG BOOK 127 1

Stu dio Ma ri no ni S Mown Pu bli shing Co py right 2016 by Stu dio Ma ri no ni Own Pu bli shing Cor so Sem pio ne 36 20154 Mi la no www. smo wnpu blis hing. com stu dio@ stu diom arin oni.

5 Stu dio Ma ri no ni S Mown Pu bli shing Co py right 2016 by Stu dio Ma ri no ni Own Pu bli shing Cor so Sem pio ne Mi la no www. smo wnpu blis hing. com stu dio@ stu diom arin oni. com UNI VER SI TY PRESS Se ries Edi tor Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni Ad vi so ry board An ne gret Burg, Gio van ni Chia ra mon te, Ales san dra Cop pa, Kurt W. For ster, Lui gi Maz za, Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni, Luis Raúl Moy sén Ma son, João Nu nes Fer rei ra, San tia go Que sa da, Pier lui gi Sal va deo DEE P mi la no This book pre sen ts the re sul ts of the in ter na tio nal ar chi tec tu ral com po si tion work shop DEE P mi la no 2013 con cei ved by Lo ren zo De gli Espo sti and of fe red by the School of Ar chi tec tu re and So cie ty at Po li tec ni co of Mi lan and the Ar chi tec tu ral & Ur ban Fo rum - Mi lan, held at the Po li tec ni co di Mi la no in July / Sep tem ber Edi tor Lo ren zo De gli Espo sti Trans la ted by Ste pha nie Car win, Lo ren zo De gli Espo sti Trans crip tions and or ga ni za tion of ma te rials Fran ce sco De gli Espo sti, Giu lia Ra gno li Edi ting and gra phics Mau ri zio Pe tro nio 2

6 with Sil via Bi net ti, An drea Bo nat ti, and Gaia D Al paos Co ver gra phics Lo ren zo De gli Espo sti with Sil via Bi net ti and Gaia D Al paos Pho to gra phs by Mau ri zio Pe tro nio, Da nie le Zer bi Ebook coor di na tion Vil ma Cer ni ky te With the sup port of Scuo la di Ar chi tet tu ra e So cie tà, Po li tec ni co di Mi la no, Ar chi tec tu ral & Ur ban Fo rum, Mi lan Ac k no w ledg men ts We would like to ac k no w led ge: All the tea chers and mem bers of the re views for their vo lun ta ry par ti ci pa tion; Mr. Mau ri zio Pe tro nio and Mr. Da nie le Zer bi for their pho to gra phs; The staff of the Po li tec ni co for their help, abo ve all Mrs. Efi sia Ci pol lo ni; The ar chi ves and foun da tions whi ch pro vi ded us with the co pies of the ori gi nal dra wings to be used for edu ca tio nal pur po ses; Mr. Aldo for his ar ti stic sa bo ta ge. ISBN UNI VER SI TY PRESS / 5 3

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8 TEAM 6 - RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN VIA LANZO NE BY G. AND V. LATIS 60

The City: from Pla ce to Con di tion Pier lui gi Sal va deo The pro ject by Gu sta vo and Vito La tis (1949/51) is si tua ted in a cen tral zone of the city of Mi lan that was se riou sly bom bed in

9 The City: from Pla ce to Con di tion Pier lui gi Sal va deo The pro ject by Gu sta vo and Vito La tis (1949/51) is si tua ted in a cen tral zone of the city of Mi lan that was se riou sly bom bed in In or der to sol ve the re con struc tion pro blem for a vast ur ban area de li mi ted by Via Cir co, Via Lan zo ne and Via San Pio V, the pro ject is gi ven to the La tis bro thers and to Asna go & Ven der. The fir st firm works at the cor ner of the stree ts, the lat ter just next to that, on a site fa cing Via Lan zo ne. La tis pro ject is com po sed of two di stinct buil dings, four and eight sto ries re spec ti ve ly, both step ped back from the street and loo king onto an in ter nal gar den. Both are de sti ned for re si den tial dwel lings: the low buil ding has small uni ts, ex clu si ve ly to be ren ted, whi le the tall one has apart men ts for ow ner-oc cu pied pri va te re si den ces. This lat ter 61

10 buil ding may be de fi ned as one of su pe rim po sed vil las, be cau se each floor hou ses just one apart ment, with lar ge win do ws and bal co nies. This de fi ni tion is com mon ly used for other works of ar chi tec tu re in Mi lan from that pe riod, like Giu lio Mi no let ti s buil ding on Cor so di Por ta Ro ma na, si mi lar in con cept, to whi ch the ar chi tect at tri bu tes the name of a dwel ling made by su pe rim po sed vil las. A re fe ren ce to ra tio na li sm and to some of Le Cor bu sier s most pro pa gan di st ma ni fe stos is still very pre sent in se ve ral Mi la ne se ar chi tec ts of that pe riod. In spi te of Ro gers theo ries and the con cep ts of con ti nui ty and tra di tion so in fluen tial du ring the re con struc tion pe riod, a mi ra ge of a kind of ar chi tec tu re able to gua ran tee a pea ce ful life wi thin a ra tio nal dwel ling is still very strong. The five poin ts were in ten ded to gua ran tee a per fect exi sten ce for man kind, and the su pe rim po sed vil las, a clear re fe ren ce to Le Cor bu sier s Im meu ble Vil la, are spea king of this hap py en ding. The same can be said for the fra me façade, an evi dent re fe ren ce to a ra tio nal prin ci ple in the con struc tion, whi ch had in Ter ra gni s Casa del Fa scio an im por tant pre ce dent ap pli ca tion. Many fur ther the mes are ob viou sly in the La tis bro thers works, ob ser va ble in tho se com plex spa tial re la tion ships whi ch are evi dent in the com pa ri son bet ween the se two buil dings, the fir st more com pact and clad with Vi cen za whi te sto ne and the lat ter in whi ch light ness and dy na mi sm pre vail, or ab stract de co ra tions, or the use of art as an im por tant com ple tion of ar chi tec tu re, thanks to Lu cio Fon ta na s pa nels. The prin ci pal re la tions with the con text have been wi se ly re sol ved by the ar chi tec ts: the re la tion bet ween the low body and some pre-exi sting buil dings; the di spo si tion of both bo dies with re spect to the pu blic spa ce and the in ter nal gar den; the geo me tric re la tion ship and ali gn ment with Asna go and Ven der s buil ding. De fi ni ti ve ly, a per fect case of re con struc tion, in ser tion, and rein ter pre ta tion of a pie ce of the city, per fec tly da ted in its con cep tion and re sul ts, and so oldfa shio ned to day that it does not al low any de ba te, only di scus sions among ar chi tec ts and art hi sto rians. So the mat ch would be over, a hi sto ry to be ac cep ted, as it co mes to us, if only the DEE P mi la no work shop did not for ce us, wil lynil ly, to re flect upon it, as if in a school of ar chi tec tu re, whe re tea chers and stu den ts test them sel ves in vir tuo so exer ci ses and va ried thin king. Even more in tri guing was that, in this pla ce, the re is no need of a pro ject. At lea st a pro ject in a tra di tio nal sen se: nei ther con struc tion, nor re con struc tion; nei ther stit ching nor re pur po sing, or any thing at all. So, freed from any con strain ts, ou tsi de of any real ne ces si ty (as ar chi tec ts on the con tra ry do usual ly love to have) and wi thout any client asking for new uses, we te sted our sel ves in theo re ti cal exer ci ses, but not ab stract, or at lea st that is how we thought of it. We star ted from the ob ser va tion that a new mo der ni ty with great ex pan si ve po wer, even if the bea rer of par tial and di sjoin ted tran sfor ma tions, has to day mo di fied kno w led ge into an in ter di sci pli na ry skill, over co ming the re stric tions of the great con ti nuous nar ra ti ves about the past and eve ry other idea of con ti nui ty. We also think that a ra tio nal at ti tu de and its de fi ni te an swers are to day sto red in the past and ab so lu te ly ina de qua te in terms of rea ding the com plex phe no me na of con tem po ra nei ty. Elec tro nic de vi ces and com pu ter tech no lo 62

11 gies al low us to use the land in a freer way, tran sfor ming it into a sort of con ti nuous sur fa ce, cros sa ble and re ver si ble. So, fol lo wing this ge ne ral trend, our ci ties and our ways of ap proa ching ar chi tec tu re are chan ging. Ty po lo gi cal spa ce has been sub sti tu ted by an in com ple te spa ce, im per fect, re ver si ble, and in te re sted in pro ces ses of con ti nuous re ge ne ra tions. The com mon hie rar chi cal or der of in door and out door spa ces has been tur ned up si de down, as has pu blic and pri va te, the buil ding and the city. This role in ver sion seems to cau se a tran sver sal ter ri to ry wi thout spe cia li za tions, whe re func tions are no lon ger fi xed. In the se con di tions, ar chi tec tu re is only able to give par tial an swers, and to day the city is not ex clu si ve ly de fi ned by its mor pho lo gi cal, di stri bu ti ve, and ser vi ce po si tio ning lay ou ts. It is in stead he te ro ge neous, tran sver sal, mul ti di sci pli na ry, scat te red, in tro spec ti ve, and so me ti mes even in tan gi ble. Spe cia li zed uses, per cep ti ve fra meworks, in for ma tion net works, ar ti fi cial cli ma tes, and com mu ni ca tion sy stems all af fect this kind of city. Tho se con di tions are all in clu ded in ar chi tec tu re, but are scar ce ly de scri ba ble by for mal ar chi tec tu ral lan gua ge. Con struc tion ac ti vi ties are very ef fec ti ve ly flan ked by the di rec ting of sin gle sce nes, whi ch make the city a com plex, he te ro ge neous, mul ti sen so ry, and ex pe rien tial pla ce. From the se con cep ts, we mo ved to un der stand our pos si ble city pro jec t s cha rac ter, and in par ti cu lar around the La tis bro thers buil dings. The se still re pre sent, by vir tue of their hi sto ry and fea tu res, an idea of the city de fi ned by pa ra me ters and spe cia li za tions, the me ta phor of a har mo nious and struc tu red so cie ty, whe re eve ry part (hou sing, lei su re, work, green, cir cu la tion, etc.) is ex pres sed by a spe ci fic and de fi ned spa tial set ting. In as su ming a cri ti cal po si tion to ward the se con cep ts, four prin ci pal to pics dro ve both our pre li mi na ry re sear ch and our pro ject, wi thout a clear di stinc tion bet ween tho se two sta ges. Our dra wings are not the re fo re ex hi bi ted fol lo wing a se quen tial lo gic, from the re sear ch to the pro ject, but their di spo si tion ex pres ses the to tal per mea tion of the two. Fir st to pic: The to pic of the ar chi tec tu ral sur fa ce, as a thin layer, seems to have be co me a do mi nant con di tion to day, even in spa tial de si gn. A kind of om ni pre sent bidi men sio na li ty is the re sult, put ting ar chi tec tu re in a con di tion to be con stan tly ad mi red and trans fer ring a great part of its va lue to the re qui re ment of a selfre fe ren tial spec ta cu la ri za tion. It is an idea of spa ce that is no lon ger lin ked only with its vo lu me tric di men sion, but also with the di sar ti cu la tion and pul ve ri za tion of the tra di tio nal ele men ts of ar chi tec tu re. Se cond to pic: The dwel ling of po st-in du strial so cie ty is a crea ti ve act, able to con ti nuou sly in vent new ways to use the spa ce, so me ti mes inap pro pria te, but al ways in no va ti ve. New dwel lers use cross-cut ting ar chi tec tu re in the city, tran sfor ming the idea of a fi xed pla ce into a dra ma tur gi cal one, whe re the spec ta cu lar in sta bi li ty of the lo ca tion sub sti tu tes for the per ma nen ce and the sa cred ness of pla ce. Third to pic: It is a new so cie ty that in ha bi ts the spa ce in a freer and more open way, able to en ter both the im ma te rial spa ces of the net work and the built spa ce of the 63

12 city. This at ti tu de of li ving is dif fe rent, not se den ta ry, iti ne rant, tran sver sal, lin ked to a newer and broa der re fe ren ce sy stem. In the se new con di tions, the clas sic sen se of li ving is lost that of stay ing, of being lo ca ted, of being at home by in ven ting al ways new ways of oc cu py ing the spa ce. Four th to pic: The city is li ved more and more as a sum of in te rior spa ces, whi ch come in suc ces sion wi thout a real so lu tion of con ti nui ty, and li ving can no lon ger be de scri bed ac cor ding to an uni vo cal de fi ni tion. It is pe rhaps pos si ble to talk about a ge ne ral con di tion of in te rio ri ty, ac cor ding to whi ch in te rior ar chi tec tu re is no lon ger stu died only in its ty po lo gi cal clas si fi ca tion, but the the mes of li ving are in ve sti ga ted as be lon ging to a more ge ne ral con di tion of spa tial in te rio ri ty. 64

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SMO wn Pu bli shing, pu bli shing com pa ny set up by Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni in 2011, is sues books of ar chi tec tu re, plan ning, ur ban de si gn, de si gn, land sca pe and pho to gra phy, de vo

16 SMO wn Pu bli shing, pu bli shing com pa ny set up by Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni in 2011, is sues books of ar chi tec tu re, plan ning, ur ban de si gn, de si gn, land sca pe and pho to gra phy, de vo ting a par ti cu lar at ten tion to the re sear ches whi ch in ve sti ga te the con ti gui ties and the am bi ts of con tact and of su pe rim po si tion among the se dif fe rent di sci pli nes. Aware of ac ting in the com plex dy na mics and in the pro found chan ges in pro gress in the world of pu bli shing, brought by the pre sent tech no lo gies and frui ti ve me thods, SMO wn Pu bli shing fol lo ws a dual edi ting stra te gy: -pu blish hi gh-qua li ty pa per books in a li mi ted num ber of co pies di stri bu ted in se lec ted book shops in Ita ly and all over the world. -pu blish the same books in e-book ver sion in the most po pu lar di gi tal si zes for a more wi de spread di stri bu tion in the world, th rou gh book shops and plat forms of e-com mer ce on line. SMO wn Pu bli shing be lie ves in the free cir cu la tion of cul tu re and pro du ces e-books wi thout any se cu ri ty sy stems for an ea sier dif fu sion and it al lo ws the free do wn load from its own site of the books in the ca ta lo gue, to coin ci de with the in ter na tio nal book fairs or the pre sen ta tion of the books to the pu blic by their au thors. The high cul tu ral le vel of the edi tions of SMO wn Pu pli shing is also gua ran teed by the Ad vi so ry Board of the pu bli shing se ries, com po sed of uni ver si ty tea chers, deans of fa cul ties, di rec tors of uni ver si ty de part men ts. At pre sent the se ries of SMO wn Pu bli shing are th ree. Se ries UNI VER SI TY PRESS Edi tor Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni The se ries UNI VER SI TY PRESS pu bli shes books pre vai lin gly in ten ded for uni ver si ty and po st-uni ver si ty edu ca tion.uni ver si ty tea chers, re sear chers and gra dua te stu den ts are the au thors of the books avai la ble in this se ries, ai ming at pu bli ci zing their works rea li zed with their stu den ts in the am bit of the tea ching, or their own re sear ches car ried out in the aca de mic field. Se ries EU RO PEAN PRAC TI CE Edi tor Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni The se ries EU RO PEAN PRAC TI CE is crea ted with the in tent of sup ply ing with the means of in-dep th stu dy to anyo ne that is in vol ved or in te re sted in ur ban de si gn, ar chi tec tu re and land sca pe. The aim is to show tho se prac ti ces of in ter ven tion and tho se ap proa ches meant to tran sform or mo di fy the con tem po ra ry ci ties and the land sca pes in the con cre te ness of the ca ses and in the spe ci fi ci ty of the si tua tions. The au thors of this pu bli shing se ries are ar chi tec ts, land sca pe gar de ners, pho to gra phers and ar tists, who, sha ring the in te re st to act in the com ple xi ty and in the con flic ts of the con tem po ra ry Eu ro pean city, show re flec tions oc cur red du ring the rea li za tion of their works, put ting to the test their tools of the tra de. Se ries AR CHe BOOK Edi tor Ales san dra Cop pa The se ries AR CHe book is com po sed of agi le mo no gra phs, ac com pa nied by pho to gra phs and dra wings, 131

17 de vo ted to the pro ta go nists of the con tem po ra ry ar chi tec tu re and the emer ging stu dies. Each ebook pre sen ts the main works rea li zed and un der way in the am bit of the plan ning phi lo so phy of the ar chi tect con si de red. It ap pears as an in no va ti ve means for the pro fes sio nal pro mo tion and the sprea ding of the plan ning cul tu re. Ad vi so ry Board An ne gret Burg, di rec tor of the Po tsdam School of Ar chi tec tu re. Ger ma ny Gio van ni Chia ro mon te, pho to gra pher. Uni ver si ty tea cher at the Fa col tà di Ar chi tet tu ra di Ce se na. Ita ly Ales san dra Cop pa, ar chi tec tu re cri tic. Uni ver si ty tea cher at the Po li tec ni co di Mi la no. Ita ly Kurt W. For ster, pro fes sor at the Yale School of Ar chi tec tu re. USA Lui gi Maz za, pro fes sor of Ur ba ni sm at the Po li tec ni co di Mi la no. Ita ly Giu sep pe Ma ri no ni, ar chi tect. Uni ver si ty tea cher at the Po li tec ni co di Mi la no. Ita ly Joao Nu nes Fer rei ra, land sca pe gar de ner. Uni ver si ty tea cher at the In sti tu to Su pe rior de Agro no mia Uni ver si ta de Téc ni ca de Li sboa. Por tu gal San tia go Que sa da, di rec tor of the Escue la Téc ni ca de Ar qui tec tu ra de Ma la ga.spain Luis Raùl Moy sén Ma son, di rec tor of the Di part ment of Di se no In du strial, ITSEM Cam pus Que ré ta ro. Me xi co Pier lui gi Sal va deo, ar chi tect. Pro fes sor at the Po li tec ni co di Mi la no. Ita ly www. smo wnpu blis hing. com 132

CON VEN TION. de fi ning the Sta tu te of the Eu ro pe an Scho ols. Strana 6082 Zbierka zákonov 2004 Príloha k čiastke 256

CON VEN TION. de fi ning the Sta tu te of the Eu ro pe an Scho ols. Strana 6082 Zbierka zákonov 2004 Príloha k čiastke 256 Strana 6082 Zbierka zákonov 2004 Príloha k čiastke 256 K oznámeniu č. 597/2004 Z. z. CON VEN TION de fi ning the Sta tu te of the Eu ro pe an Scho ols PRE AM BLE THE HIGH CON TRAC TING PAR TIES, MEM BERS