Surveyors Key Role in Accelerated Development

Transcription

1 Surveyors Key Role in Accelerated Developent Mr. Manohar Velpuri, India and Dr. Daniel Steudler, Switzerland: Role of Land Adinistration in Sustainable Developent Country Case Studies of India and Switzerland (3436) FIG-Working Week 2009, Eilat, Israel TS 1A Case Studies in Cadastre Coission: 7 Chair: Dr. Peter van Oostero, the Netherlands Rapporteur: Mr. Habteicael Weldegiorgis, Eritrea Contents Challenges in the world..each inute, each hour, each day, each onth, each year : Visuals Sustainability Sustainability in Switzerland Sustainability in India Sustainability the three pillars-land adinistration? Issue History and basis for linkage LA & SD Cadastral systes Switzerland India : Torrens syste as the link (Rita sinha) Technology as fourth pillar Concluding rearks

2 Challenges in the World Poverty, unequal distribution of wealth, provision of basic needs, illiteracy, safe drinking water: Nepal, Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Kosovo, Pakistan Land less people : Kenya Ethnic conflicts : Sri Lanka Population growth and protection of environent : China Corruption and isuse of public funds : Nepal, Brazil, Kosovo, Indonesia. Waste anageent: Philippines, Kosovo, Macedonia Soil infertility, disappearance of sall rivers & intoxication of the natural environent caused by intensive agricultural ethods : Ukraine the countries of the world spend 1.8 Mio. USD for ilitary araent How uch do they spend on land adinistration and distribution?

3 1 500 children die of hunger or hunger-related diseases Malnutrition--Is it because of lack of agricultural land? A species becoes extinct! Do we have adequate data to show how uch land is actually dedicated to endangered species?

4 7.5 billion USD are added to the existing billion debt of the LDCs through our econoic syste How uch of it is because of the Real estate crisis? 7 illion Swiss spend 5 billion CHF on drugs = sae aount as 1 billion people in India How uch of this is because of the food we take?

5 Sustainability what & how Sustainability Switzerland Ipleentation of sustainable developent in MONET- Monitoring of sustainable developent

6 Sustainability India uch older than the Brundtland report Stockhol conference-1972 identified that poverty is the greatest threat to environent a cobination of the western oriented definitions cobined with a ore spiritual approach philosophical and lays great stress on the individual attepts to incorporate the sustainability diensions of econoy, environent and society in the syste of values governing a huan being. Sustainability the 3 pillars Environent: Based on agroecological principles and environental integrity. Social: Epowerent, Education, Raising social status of counity. Econoic: Food Security, Econoic Viability and increasing incoe.

7 Issue Land Adinistration Neo colonialis with poor states producing the food for the richer at the expense of their food security.

8 History: : LA & SD link FIG : Bathurst declaration, October 1999

9 Context in general Econoic Social Environental Ipact Political decisions, operational concepts Sustainable Developent Results, Effects Land Manageent Analysis, Decision-aking Land Adinistration Acquisition of basic inforation Basis, Data, Inforation Land ownership Land valuation Land use Purpose (Steudler, 2008). Organizations involved in Cadastral Syste Cadastral Surveying Land Registration Governent Federal Parliaent Dept. for Defence, Civil Protection and Sports 7 Federal Departents Departent of Justiceand Police Federal Level Licensing Coission for Cadastral Surveying Federal Office of Topography swisstopo Directorate of Cad. Surveying Federal Office for Justice Office for Land Registry and Real Estate Law Cantonal Level 20 Cantonal Surveying Offices 26 Cantonal Governents 26 Cantonal Parliaents ~350 Cantonal and Regional Land Registry Offices Counity Level ~15 City & Municipal Surveying Offices ~270 Private Licensed Land Surveying Offices Private Notary Offices

10 Nae with table nae Nae NuPos attribute nae with Attribute table nae that is unique within the Description table of one topic (exceptionally Perieter 1 c Nae together with another NuPos Validity OSKey attribute nae Date1 with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another Perieter Date3 1 c Nae together with another NuPos Validity OSKey PositionReliability attribute nae Date1 1 with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another PointSybol Perieter Date3 1 c Nae together with another SybolOrientation NuPos Validity OSKey PositionReliability attribute nae Date1 1 with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another PointSybol Perieter Date3 1 c Nae together with another SybolOrientation NuPos Validity OSKey PositionReliability attribute nae Date1 1 with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another PointSybol Ownership Perieter Date3 1 c Nae together with another SybolOrientation NuPos Validity c OSKey PositionReliability attribute nae c Date1 1 OSKey with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another OSKey PointSybol Ownership Nuber Nuber Perieter Date3 1 Validity c Nae together with another SybolOrientation NuPos Validity c OSKey PositionReliability attribute nae c Date1 1 OSKey Class with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another OSKey PointSybol Ownership Nuber Nuber Perieter Date3 1 Validity c Nae together with another SybolOrientation NuPos 1 Validity c 1 1 OSKey PositionReliability 1 attribute nae c Date1 1 OSKey Class with Attribute table Attribute nae that that is unique relates within another OSKey PointSybol Ownership Nuber Nuber Perieter Date3 1 Validity c together with another SybolOrientation NuPos attribute nae 1 Validity c 1 1 OSKey PositionReliability 1 c Date1 1 Attribute Attribute that that is unique relates within another OSKey Class PointSybol OSKey Parcel Ownership Nuber DistinctRight Nuber Perieter Date3 1 Validity c together with another 1 Validity SybolOrientation c c 1 c 1 OSKey PositionReliability 1 Object c Date1 1 Attribute that relates with another Object OSKey Class Object PointSybol Object OSKey 1 Date2 table (relational Parcel Ownership Nuber DistinctRight Date3 Validity SybolOrientation NuberHorizontalAlignent 1 c c 1 c 1 PositionReliability 1 NuberHorizontalAlignent c 1 Object OSKey Class Object PointSybol OSKey Parcel Ownership Nuber DistinctRight Validity SybolOrientation NuberHorizontalAlignent 1 c c 1 c 1 1 NuberHorizontalAlignent c Object OSKey Class Object OSKey Parcel Ownership Nuber DistinctRight Validity NuberHorizontalAlignent 1 c c 1 c 1 1 NuberHorizontalAlignent c Object OSKey Class Object OSKey Parcel Ownership Nuber DistinctRight Validity NuberHorizontalAlignent 1 c c 1 c 1 1 NuberHorizontalAlignent c Object OSKey Class Object OSKey Parcel Nuber DistinctRight Validity NuberHorizontalAlignent 1 c 1 c 1 1 NuberHorizontalAlignent Object Class Object Parcel DistinctRight NuberHorizontalAlignent 1 c 1 c 1 1 NuberHorizontalAlignent Object Object Parcel DistinctRight NuberHorizontalAlignent c c NuberHorizontalAlignent Object Object Parcel DistinctRight NuberHorizontalAlignent c c NuberHorizontalAlignent Object Object NuberHorizontalAlignent NuberHorizontalAlignent NuberVerticalAlignent NuberVerticalAlignent Level Organisation of cadastral surveying Organisation Tasks Confederation Canton Agreeents Federal Directorate of Cadastral Surveying Cantonal Surveying Offices ~15 eployees Supervision, strategic anageent Operational anageent Municipality Contracts Private Land Surveying Offices City Surveying Offices ~300 eployees Execution ~3000 eployees Office heads at all levels: have to hold the federal license for cadastral land surveyor Core Data Model of Swiss Cadastral Surveying Digital data description AV93 (introduced in 1993) Control points Land cover Single objects Heights Local naes Ownership Pipelines >5bar Adinistrative subdivisions 8 Inforation Layers (Possibility to anage the layers separately) Data Model (UML) (8 Entity-Relationship-Diagras) TRANSFER Data_Catalogue; MODEL Basic_Data_Set DOMAIN LKoord = COORD ; HKoord = COORD ; Height = DIM ; Precision = [ ]; Reliability = (yes, no); LetterOrientation = GRADS ; Status = (planned, valid); TOPIC Control_Points =... END Control_Points; TOPIC Land_Cover =... END Land_Cover; TOPIC Ownership = DOMAIN Monuentation = (border_stone, plastic_peg, cross, not_onuented); OwnershipType = (parcel, distinct_right, construction_right, water_source_ right); TABLE = OSKey: ; : TEXT*12; : LKoord; : Precision; PositionReliability: Reliability; : TEXT*30; SybolOrientation: LetterOrientation;!! Default: 0.0 IDENT ; END ; END Ownership. END Basic_Data_Set. Data Description Language INTERLIS

11 Cadastral systes India The Cadastre is a - parcel based and up-to-date land inforation syste, consisting of: i. a record of rights or the ownership in land ; ii. a graphical apping of the land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of the rights or interests in the respective land parcels. British-colonial rule-- the Survey of India in 1767 Centralised approach of land-surveying was decentralised in 1904 state responsibility of cadastral surveying. Organisation Organisation Institutions Institutions Plans

12 Status of cadastral survey Switzerland Status India Present land titling syste in India provides for registration of deeds and docuents and presuptive property titles. 21st August, 2008 : to change this syste to clear property titles (Torrens syste) Three principles Conclusive titling : single agency, irror principle and curtain principle India has launched a ajor prograe by the nae of National Land Records Modernization Prograe (NLRMP) FIG - WB Conference Rita Sinha (2009)

13 India variation at its best Land refors during the second five year plan ( ) 7th five year plan it was decided the land records for the base for all land refors easures and, therefore, regular periodical updating of land records is essential in all states. This will necessarily have to include scientific survey of uneasured land and recording of rights of tenants and share-croppers which have reained unrecorded until now. Total areas: 3.29 illion sq K Survey area : 2.16 illion sq K Rural areas: 140 illion land owners 430 illion land records Urban areas: 55 illion urban households 42 illion FMB s, 6,40,000 villages Digitalization required : 1 illion village aps 1896(4018) registration offices to be coputerized. Dr. Y. V. N. Krishna Murthy (FIG - WB Conference August 2009) NRLMP Status of cadastral survey India (i) coputerization of property records (ii) survey and preparation of aps using odern technologies (iii) coputerization of the registration process (iv) training and capacity building.

14 Technology the fourth pillar to SD through LA? The varied topography of the country judicious cobination of technologies for proper survey. Transfer of technology down to the field level workers Rapid change in technology requires putting into place systes relating to security of data, redefinition of accuracy standards and a syste for 100 per cent quality check. Treendous aount of capacity building EPFL (technology and sustainable developent) FIG - WB Conference Rita Sinha (2009) Conclusions Bathurst Declaration (1999).