BUILDING ETHIOPIA SUSTAINABILITY AND INNOVATION IN ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN ZEGEYE CHERENET HELAWI SEWNET

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1 BUILDING ETHIOPIA SUSTAINABILITY AND INNOVATION IN ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN ZEGEYE CHERENET HELAWI SEWNET

2 Copyright 2012 by EiABC All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage, and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in review. First Edition Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development, EiABC Zegeye Cherenet, Helawi Sewnet (editors) Building Ethiopia : Sustainability and Innovation in Architecture and Design, Vol. I, 2012 ISBN Digital Impressions, Printed in Ethiopia, 2012

3 CONTENT INTRODUCTION ZEGEYE CHERENET HELAWI SEWNET U R B A N I T Y NEST NEW EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TOWNS FRANZ OSWALD THE BURA NESTOWN AN INTERVIEW FASIL GHIORGIS ADDIS ABABA EXTRACTING CHARACTER FROM VOIDS DIRK HEBEL ELIAS YITBAREK FOLLOWING THE DONKEY PATH TAILORING AS OPPOSED TO WIPING OUT THE TRACE EZANA YOSEPH URBAN PRIMING PROGRAMMED BY THE ENVIRONMENT HELAWI SEWNET BASHA WOLDE CHILOT AN URBAN DESIGN EZANA YOSEPH FASIL GHIORGIS ELIAS YITBAREK FIGURE-GROUND PLAN MAPPING ADDIS ABABA FELIX HEISEL 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 1 RE-THINK THE CITY MASTER PLAN BENIAM ALI C O N N E C T I V I T Y WITHIN THE EDGE URBAN SPATIAL INTERFACES FORMING & IN-FORMING THE STREETS OF ADDIS ABABA ADDISALEM FELEKE WATER URBANISM ZEGEYE CHERENET BERHANU GEBREWOLD WOSSEN GEBREYOHANNES SELAM LEMMA MICHAEL HAILE- GABRIEL FEVEN MERETE INTERACITY LIGHTRAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS ADDIS ABABA YUSUF ZOHEB IGNORING THE SIGNS THE UNOBSERVED THREAT POSED BY BILLBOARD CLUTTER IN ADDIS ABABA SELAMAWIT WONDIMU WHERE THE STREETS HAVE NO NAME YOSEF TEFERI 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 2 ELECTRIC VEHICLE NETWORK AMANUEL MENGISTU T E M P O R A L I T Y SANDBAG SHELTER-ADDIS ABEBA SHELTERS FOR REFUGEE CAMPS IN ETHIOPIA (OGADEN) DIRK DONATH REFUGEE SHELTERS FOR ETHIOPIA MARTA WISNIEWSKA BISRAT KIFLE ADDISALEM FELEKE NOMAD PUBLIC SPACES BYPRODUCTS OF CONSTRUCTION SITES HELAWI SEWNET SPACES OF TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSITORY SPACES RURAL-URBAN INTERFACE ZEGEYE CHERENET BERHANU GEBREWOLD ADIL MOHAMMED ELIAS JEMAL KALKIDAN WONDAFEREW TSION ADUGNA PLACES OF TRANSIT ENTRIES TO ADDIS ABABA ANTENEH TESFAYE 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 3 A DOWNTOWN CULTURE DISTRICT AMANUEL MENGISTU M A T E R I A L I T Y BAMBOO EXPLORED A POTENTIAL FOR URBAN ETHIOPIA KARSTEN SCHLESIER MICHAEL TESFAYE

4 DESIGN WITH MATERIALS JOACHIM DIETER DIRK HEBEL INGO BECKER KALKIDAN DEBELA NEGUSSIE HAILESELASSIE MULUKEN HAJU MULU PROMISE PLAZA & VILLAGE SUSTAINABLE, MODULAR, URBAN CONTAINER UNITS FELIX HEISEL MARTA WISNIEWSKA 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 4 BUSINESS CUSTOMER SERVICE AMANUEL MENGISTU E C O N O M Y BUILDING THE FUTURE THE APPLICATION OF LOCAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS IN ETHIOPIA DIRK HEBEL SCALING DOWN DIRK DONATH AFFORDABLE HOUSING BISRAT KIFLE BROOK TEKLEHAIMANOT HELAWI SEWNET 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 5 CHARTER SCHOOLS BENJAMIN PIPER T E C H N O L O G Y EARTHEN MASONRY VAULTING: TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNICAL ASPECTS LARA DAVIS PHILLIPE BLOCK BUILDING WITH EARTH APPROPRIATELY MELAKESELAM MOGES MODEL MAKING AS A TOOL THE AACM PROJECT BROOK TEKLEHAIMANOT ORIGAMI FOLDING STRUCTURES MELAT ASSEFA STAIRS AN ARCHITECTURE IN TRANSITION ZELEKE BELAY HYPER-DICE ZEGEYE CHERENET BERHANU GEBREWOLD RAMIAH LEMMA LULIT SOLOMON TIBEBU DANIEL DEJENE LIRAMO 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 6 THE ESSENTIAL MOBILE TOOLKIT ADAM ABATE ERIC CHIJOKE S O C I O L O G Y HOUSING TYPOLOGIES A CASE STUDY IN ADDIS ABABA FELIX HEISEL APPROPRIATING SPATIAL ACCOMODATIONS BERHANU GEBREWOLD MESKEL SQUARE AN URBAN THEATER BROOK TEKLEHAIMANOT 7 IDEAS THAT COULD TRANSFORM ADDIS ABABA - PART 7 ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTIONS DAVID ROGERS UPCOMING PUBLICATIONS EiABC ACKGNOWLEDGEMENTS CONTRIBUTORS COLOPHON

5 DIALOGUE BUILDING 4 In order to house the exhibition URBAN LABORATORY ETHiopia in 2009, the Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zürich decided to donate a building for the newly founded Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development (EIABC) at Addis Ababa University on Campus South. The building wants to enhance the dialogue between research, practice, and teaching, and function as an exchange of knowledge and transmits information between disciplines and actors. In the future, the building will be used as an exhibition hall, a space for final academic reviews, a transfer center for the industry and in this light, a record of achievements for the new Institute EIABC. The architecture of the building itself operates as a tool to demonstrate the collaboration between the three fields. Research was needed to recycle the shipping container, requiring a certain know-how in order to successfully reuse a otherwise discarded waste material. This initiated the spark for practice, whereupon the research was able to be physically manifested in the planning and construction of the exhibition space. Students and faculty members of AAU and ETH participated in the construction of the building, a teaching exercise played out on a 1:1 scale. The final result culminates with the lasting effect of the exhibition space, maintained to broadcast its purpose: the transmission of knowledge. By producing a new exhibition space for EIABC, researchers, practitioners, and students are able to participate in the exchange of information by both presenting and absorbing what is displayed on the walls. Six containers were bought in May 2009 in Kaliti and brought to the site, and only 4 months later, the construction was ready to house its first exhibition. The basement of the double story building follows the grid of the campus layout, while the top floor reacts to the adjacent football field and the main entrance of EIABC site. Similar to the technique of Gordon Marta Clark in the 4 Dirk Hebel a 2 An interior on the first floor of the building a 2 materiality 165

6 b 2 The ground level of the building during the launch of the Urban Laboratory Ethiopia exhibition, October 2009 c 2 - d 2 Opening ceremony of the Urban Laboratory Ethiopia exhibition and various views of the exterior of the building 1960s in the US, openings were cut into the containers to allow for one big exhibition space on two levels and also for light to enter the space from the long endings. By shifting the containers in their long axis, it created smaller pockets in the interior for exhibition purposes and created on the exterior overhangs for rain protection and formed an entrance zone towards the main access and stairs. Unexpected views towards the Campus alternate with the exhibits and on top floor, a small terrace allows for a rest. To keep the character of the recycled materials, the containers were kept from the outside as they were found without adding another coat of paint. Containers per se are built for extreme weather conditions, walls and ceilings are water proof and they can be stapled as high as 7 stories without any extra structural support. On the South-West façade, a shading device made out of peripherated metal was added in order to control the climate inside. All windows work with horizontal louvers and even the white exhibition walls inside were constructed to move the air between the metal façade and the interior layer. With those measurements, the building demonstrates the possibility to construct even in a very extreme and sometimes hot climate a building out of metal and glass, without adding highly energy consuming technology like air conditioners. b 2 Credits: Concept Architecture and Exhibition: Dirk Hebel Design and Construction: Michael Hirschbichler, Benjamin Stähli Exhibition Design and Production: Leonard Kocan, Tobias Klauser, Rafael Schmidt Graphic Design and Logo: Uta Bogenrieder Construction Manager: Benjamin Stähli Coordination: Zegeye Cherenet, Dawit Benti, Brook Teklehaimanot, Tibebu Daniel, Bisrat Kifle, Helawi Sewnet, Darik Zebenigus Production: Selam Technical and Vocational College, Abadir Engineering c urbanity d 2

7 urbanity 167