To: Steve Mizokami, City of Santa Monica Date: 03/27/2018 Jan Ostashay, Principal OAC

Transcription

1 Ostashay & Associates consulting Memorandum P.O. Box 542 Long Beach, CA To: Steve Mizokami, City of Santa Monica Date: 03/27/2018 From: Jan Ostashay, Principal OAC Re: PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street Introduction At the request of the City of Santa Monica Planning Division, Ostashay & Associates Consulting (OAC) has conducted a preliminary historical assessment of the property referenced above for consideration as a City Landmark. As part of the scope of work, relevant archival material on the subject property was collected and reviewed. This assessment includes a succinct discussion of the survey methodology used, a summarized property description, a brief historic context, and a concise preliminary evaluation of historical significance for potential landmark eligibility. Relevant supporting material has also been included, as applicable. Based upon the results of the preliminary assessment, the subject property appears to warrant further investigation and assessment for City of Santa Monica Landmark recognition. According to the City s significance criteria for individual designation as a potential landmark further study may be warranted for associations with historic personages and/or notable architects/designers (John W. Byers). Additional study of the property s historical integrity and comparative association with John Byers other works is also recommended as part of the landmark assessment. Methodology For this preliminary assessment a review of building permits and tax assessor records was conducted and site-specific research was completed to document the property s existing condition, develop an appropriate historic context, and assist in evaluating the residence for potential historical significance. Historical background research included review of available historic maps, photographs, newspaper articles, and published primary and secondary sources on the history of the architect, John Byers; the neighborhood; and Santa Monica. OAC also contacted the Art, Design & Architecture Museum at the University of California, Santa Barbara campus for additional information about the property and its architect John Byers. The Architecture and Design Collection at the Museum holds the John Byers Papers, The information collected from these sources was used to assist in the development of a relevant historic context, assess architectural merit and historical integrity, and preliminarily evaluate the subject for potential eligibility as a local City Landmark. Documentation and evaluation of the property was conducted by Jan Ostashay, principal with OAC, who meets the Secretary of the Interior s Professional Qualifications Standards in history and architectural history. 1

2 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street Property Information Property Site Data The subject property (APN: ) is located along the east side of 7 th Street just north of Alta Avenue. The building under review occupies a single parcel that measures approximately 50 feet wide by 150 feet long. According to the assessor records the legal description is described as The Palisades Tract, Lot 15, Block P. The subject property lies within a residential neighborhood comprised primarily of one- and two-story single-family residences with varying setbacks from the street. Previous Surveys and Evaluations The subject property has been previously identified or evaluated for historical significance under the City s past survey efforts. It was initially recorded and evaluated in the City s Historic Resources Survey Inventory. At that time, the subject property was identified as individually eligible for local landmark designation because of its association with master architect John W. Byers and as a contributor to a potential district called the Palisades Tract Historic District. It was; therefore, assigned a National Register status code (now referred to as the California Historical Resource status codes) of 5/5D. It appears the property was also identified in the City s Inventory Update (1995) following the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The property s historical significance and status code evaluation were reconfirmed at that time. The subject property was also evaluated and recorded as part of the city-wide survey update from Under that reconnaissance-level survey effort the property was assigned a California Register status code 5S3 (individually eligible for local designation) because of its continued association with John W. Byers. Property Description The subject property has a substantial setback from the street behind a front court that is paved and landscaped with various shrubs, ground cover, trees. The primarily one-story vernacular structure has an irregular U shape plan that is capped with a series of gable roofs. The main truck of the house is capped with a side-facing gable roof and is sheathed with stucco. The primary (front) elevation has limited ornamentation and contains a central recessed front entry with a single wood and multi-pane glass door. Bands of square shape, wood-frame windows flank the front door and landing on either side. The front façade is shaded by a slight overhang of the gable roof, which is emphasized by a wide wood fascia. The eaves also extend along the side and rear elevations. A non-original metal stucco sheathed chimney is attached to the north side of the main house. Set at the base (east) of the dwelling s U shape plan is the back door that opens to the back yard patio area, garage, and shed. Projecting from rear (east) of the main house are two room extensions that help to define the U shape plan. The southern extension is one-story with board and batten cladding and a front-facing gable roof with overhanging eaves. Fenestration along this extension consists primarily of woodframe windows of varying shape, size, and type; many of which have been altered or are non-original. A single, narrow utility door also punctuates the east end of this building section. The other leg of the U stems from the back of the main house at its north end. This large two-story extension is sheathed with stucco on the first level and board and batten siding on the upper floor. This portion of the house is capped with a long sloping side-facing gable roof with overhanging eaves and a chimney that pierces the roof plane near the ridge. Fenestration for this section of the building consists of varying shape, size, and types of wood-frame and metal-frame windows. 2

3 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street At the east end of the parcel are two additional improvements that include a rectangular shape garage and a smaller shed type structure. The garage is capped with a gable roof and is clad with some stucco and wood siding. At times a portion of it was used as a small rental cottage. The shed is clad with wood siding and has a shed (half gable) roof. Access to both of these structures is from the patio area and the alley via pedestrian doors and garage doors. Over the years, both of these accessory structures have also been altered and enlarged. Permit History A review of building permits on file with the City of Santa Monica confirms the construction of the property and some other work completed on the site over the years. Upon visual inspection and review of permit history, it also appears that the property has undergone a number of alterations without permits. The permits recorded with the City include the following: YEAR DESCRIPTION OF WORK 1917 Construct residence, John Byers (ledger book line item) 1929 Remodel one room, $ Addition, 15x Unspecified changes, $ Unspecified alterations and repair work, $1, Garage addition and alterations, $ Re-stucco outside, $ Install new metal prefab fireplace, $4,000 (earthquake damage repair) Two photographs dating to were obtained from the John Byers Papers, collection at the Art, Design & Architecture Museum at the University of California, Santa Barbara campus. One of the photographs is an oblique view of the house looking southeast. It shows the front of the house and the north side of the dwelling. The other photo shows a portion of the rear of the house. In reviewing the photos it appears that the primary (front) façade is relatively still intact. However, the rest the dwelling and its accessory structures have been substantially altered and enlarged. These changes were not made by John Byers, but rather by the subsequent owners of the property. Historic Context The historic context developed below presents the background necessary to preliminarily assess the historical and architectural significance of the property located at th Street, including its development history, the (summarized) history of the development of Santa Monica and the neighborhood surrounding the subject property, and biography of the property s architect. The period of significance associated with property is , the date of construction and years directly associated with its architect and initial owner John W. Byers. Santa Monica In 1875, the original townsite of Santa Monica was surveyed, including all the land extending from Colorado Street on the south to Montana on the north, and from 26 th Street on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west. Between 1893 and the 1920s, the community operated as a tourist destination 3

4 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street with many entertainment attractions that was visited primarily by wealthy patrons. Areas located just outside of the incorporated city limits were semi-rural in setting and populated with scattered residences. Following widespread acceptance of the automobile in the 1920s, Santa Monica experienced a significant building boom with numerous homes over varying architectural style constructed in the tracts north of Montana Avenue and east of Seventh Street for year-round residents. The Palisades Tract The Palisades Tract neighborhood offers a remarkably intact ensemble of domestic architecture, primarily dating form the years 1906 to Opened as a tract in 1905, it was laid out with broad, tree- lined streets that open onto Ocean Avenue and the Santa Monica Palisades. Seventh Street acts as the visual boundary on the east, although the tract was extended further inland in 1912 and Few houses face onto Fourth Street, which bisects the district and is enhanced by a landscaped median. A circular park forms an island in the middle of the 600 block of Palisades Avenue, apparently intended by the developer to be one of a series of such spaces, although the only one realized. Shortly after the tract was opened, the area in which it was located, stretching from Montana to Adelaide, was annexed to the City of Santa Monica. From that date, March 28, 1906, building records were kept by the city officials, and the first application to build was issued to the Alta Santa Monica Company for what is now 401 Marguerita. However, this was not the first building in the area, according to witness Luther Ingersoll in his Century History of Santa Monica Bay Cities, who assigned the honor of building the first costly and architectural residence in the Palisades to H.N. Hammond. Several prominent members of the community, as well as residents of Los Angeles and Pasadena in search of a seaside summer home, commissioned residences in the Palisades Tract. During the first fifteen years of development, many homes were built in the Craftsman style. The more intensive period of construction in the twenties yielded numerous fine revival style homes, most of which were intended for year-round occupation. The work of several renowned architects is showcased throughout the neighborhood, as well as the efforts of several Santa Monica building contractors who had a profound impact on the growth of the City. Among the architects represented in the area are John Byers (240 and 624 Alta, 547 7th, 300 and 400 Georgina), Robert Farquhar (147 Georgina, 401 Ocean), Marsh and Russell (216 Georgina), Webber, Staunton and Spaulding (317 Georgina), Frederick Roehrig (325 Georgina), Hunt and Burns (525 Georgina), John and Donald Parkinson (701 Ocean), and Greene and Greene (226 Palisades). Several prolific builders, many of whom produced designs from their own offices and others who worked with architects, were involved in the development of the Palisades Tract. During the early years, Henry X. Goetz was responsible for the construction of numerous residences and institutions (Lincoln High School, North Beach Bath House, Santa Monica City Hall) and also worked in the Palisades Tract. Other prolific builders associated with the Palisades Tract included George D. Snyder, W.S. Freeman, and C.B. Powell. In later years, several contractors who had a strong impact on the character of the neighborhood east of 7th Street included C.L. Freeman, Frank Roden, Rose and Rowell, H.E. Werner, and noted Los Angeles builder Frank Meline. Later development in the area includes low-scale Mid-Century Modern and Ranch style dwellings built in the 1950s and 1960s. Since the 1970s, a fair number of older homes have been replaced with new contemporary residences. That trend continues today along many of the streets within the tract. 4

5 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street Property History The City of Santa Monica building permit ledger contains a handwritten entry noting the original construction of the subject property from August 30, The ledger book indicates that John Byers applied for a permit to construct a dwelling at th Street for a cost of $150. He was listed as the owner, builder, and contractor for the new home. The resulting structure is an eclectic composition that defies categorization by style. The property was built within the Palisades Tract of the City of Santa Monica. Situated along the east side of 7 th Street it is two parcels north of Alta Avenue. Sanborn maps and tax assessor records indicate that it was one of the first residences to be improved along this section of 7 th Street. As the tract developed in the 1920s, the subject property complemented the newer housing stock infill that began to appear in the area in mass and scale. However, its architecture and design were rather different and unique from the more traditional styles being erected in the neighborhood at the time. In reviewing city directory history and other data, the initial owners of the 7 th Street property, John W. Byers and his wife Harriet ( ), resided there from its construction in 1917 until The Byers had married only two years earlier in 1915 and lived at nd Street prior to moving into their new home. At the time, John Byers was teaching at Santa Monica High School and only dabbled in architectural design. Harriet was a housewife raising her son from a previous marriage Thomas Staley ( ). The subject property appears to have been John Byers second design project. The first was for Santa Monica High School principal W.F. Barnum in It was while he was living at the 7 th Street property that he set up his own tile kiln elsewhere in the city to make roof and floor tiles as well as adobe mud bricks. By the spring of 1922, he had officially stepped down from his position at Santa Monica High School to pursue architecture fulltime. It was soon after that time that the Byers sold the 7 th Street property and moved to La Mesa Drive where John Byers went on to design their second (1924) and third homes (1925), as well as pursue a notable career as a well-respected architect. Following the Byers tenancy, the subject property was then owned and occupied by Norman R. Jensen and his wife Kathrine. Norman Jensen was the circulation manager for the local Los Angeles Express newspaper. They lived at the th Street property with their daughter, son, and servant for just over six years. It was during their residency that the property underwent some alterations and additions, primarily to the backside of the house and garage. They rented a portion of the garage that they built for extra income. By the mid-1930s, the house was vacant a few years, according to city directory research. By 1940, Pernell S. Johnson and his wife Catherine were residing at the 7 th Street property. The 1940 city directory lists Pernell as a clerk. During their roughly ten years of ownership the Johnsons made a few of alterations and repairs to the property. During the 1950s the property owned by Joseph and Louise Bill, but was used as a rental for the first half of that decade. James E. and Jacqueline M. Mishler are listed as the occupants in It appears their residency was relatively short as Bernard and Doris Funk were listed as the occupants two years later. By the late 1950s, the property owners, Joseph and Louise Bill, had moved into the house. Joseph was a long-term employee for the City of Los Angeles, working as a city planner and Louise was a housewife. During their ownership some further changes were made to the property, including alterations to the small detached garage (north shed structure) and the re-stuccoing of the exterior of the house. The Bills divorced in 1968, though Louise remained the owner and occupant of the property up through her death in It appears that later owners of the subject property have also included Cynthia G. Desrochers and Kevin and Vanessa Carney. 5

6 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street CITY DIRECTORY HISTORY: TH STREET YEAR CITY DIRECTORY ENTRY LISTING 1914 John W. Byers, rd Street, SM (renter) 1915 John W. Byers, nd Street, SM (renter) 1916 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), nd Street, SM (renter) 1917 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), Santa Monica High School teacher Thomas Staley (step son) 1918 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), Santa Monica High School teacher Thomas Staley (step son) 1919 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), High School teacher Thomas Staley (step son) 1920 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), High School teacher Thomas Staley (step son) 1921 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), High School teacher Thomas Staley (step son) 1923 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), High School teacher 1925 Norman R. Jensen (Kath), newspaperman John W. Byers (Harriet H.), La Mesa Drive, SM 1928 Norman R. Jensen (Kath), newspaperman Osgood O. Porter (Phyllis), rear unit John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2032 La Mesa Drive, SM Norman R. Jensen (Kath), newspaperman 1930 Olin L. Dupy (Carol G., electrical engineer, rear unit John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM 1936 Vacant John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM 1940 Pernell S. Johnson (Cath), clerk John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM 1952 James E. Mishler (Jacqueline M.), salesman John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM 1954 Bernard Funk (Doris) John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM 1958 Joseph T. Bill (Louise G.), Los Angeles city planner John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM Joseph T. Bill (Louise G.), Los Angeles city planner 1960 John W. Byers (Harriet H.), 2034 La Mesa Drive, SM 6

7 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street John W. Byers, Architect The subject property is directly associated with Santa Monica architect John Winford Byers ( ). In the period between World War I and World War II, John Byers made more of an impact on the Santa Monica architectural landscape than any other local practitioner. Byers, who had previously been employed as a schoolteacher, teaching Spanish and French, at San Rafael High School and Santa Monica High School, had studied to become an electrical engineer at the University of Michigan (he was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan). He went on to complete one year of graduate work at Harvard University before leaving to work as an electrical engineer for the U.S. Commission at the Paris Exposition from 1900 to Byers left Europe to teach linguistics at the North American Academy in Uruguay. By 1910, he was back in the United States, employed by Santa Monica High School as the head of the Modern Language Department. By the mid-1910s, Byers was particularly interested in architectural forms and materials indigenous to California. He completed his first commission, a house at 510 Lincoln Boulevard for W.F. Barnum, the principal of the Santa Monica High School in He designed and built his own house at th Street in He lived there for a few years until moving to his second house on La Mesa Drive near 21 st Street in At the time he had established the John Byers Mexican Handmade Tile Company and was making floor and roof tiles as well as iron and woodwork crafts with a crew of Mexican craftsman. Byers stepped down from his teaching position at Santa Monica High School in the mid- 1920s and began pursuing architecture full time. By 1926, he had earned his architectural license and established a formal architectural practice at th Street (now a Santa Monica City Landmark). Byers explored the possibilities of a number of architectural styles including Spanish, Mexican, and Monterey. He was most notable for his Adobe designed buildings, having written several articles in the 1920s and 1930s on adobe construction and its influence in California architect. Byers achieved a wide reputation in southern California for his unique architectural styling, acquiring a large following amongst entertainment world celebrities. Many of his adobe designs were featured in various professional publications, including the Western Architect, Architect & Engineer, House Beautiful, House and Garden, and Country Life. Edla Muir had been working with Byers since the age of 13, starting as his secretary and as time progressed worked her way up to draftswoman and architect. By 1934, Muir became Byers associate and they worked together as Byers and Muir Associates from 1934 to Byers designed and built over 200 homes in the southern California region, many in Santa Monica. Before his death in 1966, according to Muir, Byers burned most of his papers and drawings in the early 1960s. What remained was given to the Architecture and Design Collection at the University of California, Santa Barbara Art, Design & Architecture Museum by Elda Muir. 1 Byers career in Santa Monica spanned more than three decades. Examples of his work include the residences at 1707 (Albert Ahern residence) and 1717 (Donald Armstrong residence) San Vicente, th Street (Laidlaw residence), 1602 Georgina (E.J. Carrillo residence), th Street (J.B. Nethercott residence), th Street (Speers residence), and his third residence at 2034 La Mesa Drive (1925). Other dwellings were constructed in Coachella, Victorville, Bel Air, and Beverly Hills. Byers also constructed an adobe memorial recreation hall in Santa Monica, a clubhouse at Brentwood Park, and a church in San Fernando. In 1931, examples of Byers work were displayed in the Architects 1 Biographical/Historical Notes in the John Byers Papers, finding aid, Architecture and Design Collection, Art, Design & Architecture Museum, University of California, Santa Barbara. 7

8 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street Building Material Exhibit, held in Los Angeles. In 1936, Byers, along with architect, Edla Muir of West Los Angeles, designed a two-story ranch residence for R. A. Sperry in Encino. In 1946, he worked with Rose Connor, an architect from Pasadena, to design an adobe style residence in San Gabriel. City of Santa Monica Landmark Designation Criteria The Santa Monica Landmarks and Historic Districts Ordinance (Santa Monica Municipal Code ), includes criteria and procedures for recognizing City of Santa Monica Landmarks, Structures of Merit, and Historic Districts. Landmarks may include structures, natural features, objects, or any type of improvement to a property that is found to have particular architectural and/or historical significance to the City. The City s Landmarks Commission reviews applications for individual landmark designation of a property at the local level if it finds it meets one or more of the following criteria: SMMC (a)(1). It exemplifies, symbolizes, or manifests elements of the cultural, social, economic, political, or architectural history of the City. SMMC (a)(2). It has aesthetic or artistic interest or value, or other noteworthy interest or value. SMMC (a)(3). It is identified with historic personages or with important events in local, state, or national history. SMMC (a)(4). It embodies distinguishing architectural characteristics valuable to a study of a period, style, method of construction or the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship, or is a unique or rare example of an architectural design, detail, or historical style valuable to such a study. SMMC (a)(5). It is a significant or a representative example of the work or product of a notable builder, designer, or architect. SMMC (a)(6). It has a unique location, a singular physical characteristic, or is an established and familiar visual feature of a neighborhood, community, or the City. Preliminary Historical Evaluation Based upon the results of the preliminary assessment, the subject property appears to warrant further investigation and assessment for City of Santa Monica Landmark recognition. According to the City s significance criteria for individual designation as a potential landmark further study may be warranted for associations with historic personages and/or notable architects/designers (John W. Byers). Because of identified integrity issues the property s historic integrity should also be assessed prior to the application of significance criteria to determine whether sufficient historic integrity is retained. Further research on this property may also be warranted to identify and compare extant best or rare representative examples of Byers works in Santa Monica. 8

9 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street Sources Allaback, Sarah. The First American Women Architects. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press, Ancestry.com, accessed March 12, 2018; March 15, 2018; and March 20, Andree, Herb. John Byers, Domestic Architect in Southern California, 1919-c Thesis/dissertation manuscript, University of California, Santa Barbara, Basten, Fred E. Santa Monica The First 100 Years. Los Angeles: Douglas-West Publishers, 1974 Basten, Fred E. Santa Monica Bay: Paradise by the Sea. Santa Monica: Hennessey+Ingalls, Blumenson, John. Identifying American Architecture. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Byers, John. Architect and Engineer. San Francisco, CA: [Architect and Engineer], Carley, Rachel. The Visual Dictionary of American Domestic Architecture. New York, New York: Henry Holt and Company, City of Santa Monica. Santa Monica Historical Resources Inventory, Phase I: Prepared by Paul Gleye and Leslie Heumann, City of Santa Monica. Santa Monica Historical Resources Inventory, Phase II: Prepared by Johnson Heumann Research Associates, City of Santa Monica. Historic Resources Inventory Update, Post Northridge Earthquake. Prepared by Parkinson Field Associates and Janet Tearnen, City of Santa Monica. Historic Resources Inventory Update North of Montana Area Prepared by Historic Resources Group, City of Santa Monica Building and Safety Department, Building Permits. Clarke, William M., et al. William M. Clarke Architectural Negative Collection Garbee, Jenn, and Colleen Dunn Bates. Hometown Santa Monica: The Bay Cities Book. Pasadena, Calif: Prospect Park Books, Gebhard, David and Robert Winter. Architecture in Los Angeles. Salt Lake City, Utah: Peregrine Smith Books, Gebhard, David and Robert Winter. An Architectural Guidebook to Los Angeles. Salt Lake City, Utah: Gibbs Smith Publishers, Hess, Alan, and Alan Weintraub. Rancho Deluxe. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, Ingersoll, Luther A. Ingersoll s Century History: Santa Monica Bay Cities, 1542 to Los Angeles: Luther A. Ingersoll, John Byers Papers, , Architecture and Design Collection, Art, Design & Architecture Museum; University of California, Santa Barbara. Loomis, Jan. Westside Chronicles: Historic Stories of West Los Angeles. Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press, Los Angeles County Tax Assessor. Property Specific Information Records. Los Angeles Public Library, On-line historical and image archives. 9

10 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street Marquez, Ernest. Santa Monica Beach: A Collector s Pictorial History. Los Angeles: Angel City Press, McAlester, Virginia & Lee. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, McMillian, Elizabeth Jean, and Matt Gainer. California Colonial: The Spanish and Rancho Revival Styles. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub, National Archives and Records Administration. United States Federal Census (various years), published online by Ancestry, 2015, Provo, Utah, USA: Index by Ancestry from microfilmed schedules of the U.S. Federal Census. Data imaged from the National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C., various years (1890, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940). National Park Service. National Park Service Brief, Architectural Character: Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character. Washington, DC.: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Preservation Assistance Division, nd. Newcomb, Rexford. Western Architect: A National Journal of Architecture and Allied Arts. Minneapolis, Minn.: Western Architect Publishing Company, Newcomb, Rexford. Spanish-Colonial Architecture in the United States. New York: Dover Publications, Office of Historic Preservation. Instructions for Recording Historic Resources. Sacramento, California: State of California, Polk & Company. Polk s Santa Monica City Directory. Los Angeles County (various years). ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Los Angeles Times ( ). Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, City of Santa Monica. Santa Monica Public Library, Santa Monica Index. Scott, Paul A. Santa Monica: A History on the Edge. Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, Storrs, Les. Santa Monica, Portrait of a City, Santa Monica: Santa Monica Bank, United States Department of the Interior. National Register Bulletin, Guidelines for Local Surveys: A Basis for Preservation Planning. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, United States Department of the Interior. National Register Bulletin. How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Washington, DC: National Park Service, Interagency Resources Division, Wallach, Ruth. Los Angeles Residential Architecture: Modernism Meets Eclecticism. Charleston: History Press, Warren, Charles S. ed. History of the Santa Monica Bay Region. Santa Monica: Cawston, Warren, Charles S. ed. Santa Monica Blue Book. Santa Monica: Cawston, Warren, Charles S. ed. Santa Monica Community Book. Santa Monica: Cawston, Whiffen, Marcus. American Architecture since 1780: A Guide to the Styles. Cambridge: MIT Press, White, Col. Carl F. ed. Santa Monica Community Book (Fifth Edition). Santa Monica: Cawston,

11 PRELIMINARY HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT: th Street EXHIBITS 11

12 Regional Map 0.3 WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere Latitude Geographics Group Ltd Miles 1: 9,028 This map is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for reference only. Data layers that appear on this map may or may not be accurate, current, or otherwise reliable. THIS MAP IS NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION Legend Parcels Notes 547 7th Street Santa Monica, CA

13 Legend Notes Parcels 547 7th Street Santa Monica, CA Location Map 1: 2, WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere Latitude Geographics Group Ltd Miles This map is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for reference only. Data layers that appear on this map may or may not be accurate, current, or otherwise reliable. THIS MAP IS NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION

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16 SANBORN FIRE INSURANCE MAP, Santa Monica 1918

17 SANBORN FIRE INSURANCE MAP, Santa Monica 1918 (cropped detail)

18 SANBORN FIRE INSURANCE MAP, Santa Monica 1918-FEB 1950, paste-up

19 SANBORN FIRE INSURANCE MAP, Santa Monica paste-up (cropped detail)

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