CATALOGUE FOR MEASURING AND CREATING CADASTRAL UNITS

Transcription

1 1 CATALOGUE FOR MEASURING AND CREATING CADASTRAL UNITS Prishtinë, August 2013

2 2 EDITOR: PROF. DR. Murat MEHA Authors: Murat Meha, Qemajl Kadiri, Muzafer Çaka, Reshat Murati, Avni Ahmeti, Bashkim Shaqiri, Faik Kelmendi, Qazim Sinani, Esat Xani, Korab Ahmetaj Publisher: Kosovo Cadastral Agency

3 3 Acronyms: KCA Kosovo Cadastral Agency US Unknown source σ Standard deviation GNSS Global satellite navigation system GPS Global positioning system ITF Official format for exchanging graphic data based on INTERLIS CD Coordinates from digitalization CM Coordinates from original measurements field NC Coordinate not checked CC Completely checked coordinate QC Quality Control BC Building Cadastre KOPOS Kosovo Positioning System Kosovaref01 Kosovo Coordinate Referent System RC Reconstruction Commission MESP Ministry of Environment Spatial Planning SDI Spatial Data Infrastructure NSDI National Spatial Data Infrastructure EO Economic Operator (Contractor) CR Cadastre Reconstruction PD Public Display SIKTK/KCLIS Kosovo Cadastre Land Information System TS Total Station AI Administrative Instruction CZ Cadastral Zone MCO Municipal Cadastral Office

4 4 Preface Cadastre Reconstruction is quite necessary for the territory of Republic of Kosovo in updating and registering the property and the property rights. During the process of implementing large projects such as: cadastre reconstruction, building cadastre but also during cadastre maintenance it was seen as necessary to define as clearly as possible with concrete examples the method of measuring the cadastre units (parcels, buildings and other parts of building) in the field. The catalogue has been compiled with the aim of facilitating the process of carrying out measurements in the field, when updating and creating cadastral units. The catalogue will be of help to all cadastre experts that are engaged in public as well as in private sector. The material offered in the catalogue has been prepared by KCA experts. There are used experiences from implemented projects, discussions with MCO experts and other information s from international experts based on actual legislation for cadastral surveying in Kosovo. Developed countries have made a great achievement in offering spatial data (SDI) and while providing easy, safe and fast access. Spatial data infrastructure contains data from KCLIS system. Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) contains also data from Cadastral Information System which are the base data for aanalysisi and development of national standards for Nationa Spatial data Infrastructure (NSDI)

5 5 Introduction Catalogue for measuring and creating cadastral units for property rights through systematic and sporadic system of updating the cadastral data is a legal obligation. In the catalogue have been analyzed all types of cadastral measurements for sporadic maintenance and systematic registration through Reconstruction projects. Updating of the cadastral data is done through: Cadastre Reconstruction (CR), Building Cadastre (BC), Land Consolidation in urban and rural zones, Regular maintenance of cadastre. The examples used in this catalogue are an illustration of different cases. When the catalogue will be implemented completely it would enable raising the quality, the security and the accuracy of the cadastral data in cadastral institutions. Just as the cadastre also the catalogue is dynamic; therefore new ideas from experts in the future will enrich the quality of cadastral works. The catalogue is based on the Law on Cadastre, Law on IPRR, Administrative Instruction and Guidelines. Therefore this catalogue is an integral part of the legal framework for cadastre, which continuous to be implemented. You can find the Laws and Administrative Instructions at KCA s website:

6 6 Definitions Immovable Property - specific part of the land surface, which has boundaries or boundaries can be set to. Immovable properties include: land, natural objects affixed to the land, business buildings, residential buildings and parts of the buildings (apartments) as a separate units of residential buildings as well as mineral wealth; Cadastral parcel - an determined land surface identified by the parcel number and registered in cadastre map with a real surface in mapping projection and surface recorded at IPRR;. Building - a building is a structure where a person may enter and is designed for permanent or temporary residence, and for conducting a business or any other activity; Part of building - an apartment, business premises or one or several rooms in a building, which can be separate physical entirety or subject to property transactions; Cadastral map - shows the boundaries of cadastral parcels, references to boundary corner marks, buildings on the parcels, and the parcel and building identifiers; Boundary - one physical object marking the limits of a parcel or an imagined line or surface marking the division between two parcels. Also used to describe the division between features with different administrative, legal, land-use, topographic or other characteristics. A boundary taken from cadastral map takes precedence over other boundaries; Final boundary of parcel - legal boundaries of a cadastral parcel, where precise line has been set and marked pursuant to State Coordinates; Subdivision creation of two or more new parcels from the original parcel;

7 7 Amalgamation creation of a new parcel from two or more original parcels, or from new subdivided parcels where the owner is the same or is an owner in co-ownership; Temporary marks - marks set on parcel s boundaries when carrying out cadastral surveys; Permanent marks - marks set on parcel s boundaries following completion of cadastral surveys, and revealed after registration of the official boundary in cadastre; Cadastral survey - measurements and other collection of data in the field for the purpose of a registration in the Cadastre, or rearrangement of a cadastral boundary based on the data at Cadastre and the cadastral reconstruction; Cadastral Zone - a territorial area within a municipality with a unique name and cadastral number. The cadastral zone is further divided into cadastral parcels; Utility - a construction to serve infrastructure purposes like high voltage power lines, water and sewerage mains, pipes for transport of gas and oil, etc.; Surface of cadastral parcel - the real surface of cadastral parcel determined through coordinates of parcel boundary at mapping projection; Surface of cadastral parcel recorded at IPRR - the surface determined by analogue plans and recorded at IPRR; KCA Kosovo Cadastral Agency MCO Municipal Cadastral Office

8 8 1. Public awareness and information campaign 1.1 Public Awareness campaign during Cadastre Reconstruction process Public Awareness campaign is developed in the beginning and during the process of Cadastre Reconstruction (CR) and Building Cadastre (BC). The campaign is led by the Commission of CR/BC and Contractor (CN) through its office operating in the Cadastral Zone (CZ). This campaign goes through several phases such a opening of the office, meeting with citizens up to the Public Display. The Public Awareness for CR/BC will be held for all Kosovo citizens, and especially those of the municipality and the Cadastral Zone where the reconstruction is being implemented. Information should be made through local and central media in electronic and written form Opening and operation of the Contractor s office Field work for CR and BC in the respective Cadastral Zone (CZ) should go through the Contractor s (CN) office. a. the office is provided by the contractor, b. the office in a place that is easily accessible by citizens and near of public institutions such as: public administration, scholl, house of culture, local cimmunity etc, c. the office shall fulfill the technical conditions and shall be equipped with inventory and shall be suitable to citizens, d. the office shall be opened during the working hours and as requested by citizens, e. the office personnel shall be contacted through phone and . Public Awareness should be presented in the KCA s webpage.

9 Meeting with the Cadastral Zone citizens Prior to commencing implementation of Cadastre Reconstruction Plan, meetings with the residents of each and every CZ included in CR/BC should take place. The invitation for the meeting shall be announced no less than 7 days before the meeting takes place. The invitation shall contain: the date, venue and the exact time of holding the meeting, the agenda of the meeting with citizens shall be drafted, posters and leaflets such as: posters shall be posted in public places leaflets shall be handed out to citizens, but also sent to homes Information shall be done also through radio, TV and local newspapers more than once. The CR/BC Commission and KCA are regularly informed about these. The contractor is obliged to provide suitable premises for holding the meeting with residents of the respective CZ. The meetings with the residents may be held in certain neighborhoods in order to get in touch with the residents directly and to achieve larger turn out. Cadastre Reconstruction Commission s representatives as well as MCO and the Contractor shall attend the meeting with the residents. The meeting is led by the Commission. In the course of the meeting the residents shall be informed about: - the importance of the project, the CR plan, the implementation dynamic plan, - the obligations of KCA, MCOs, and the Cadastre Reconstruction Commission during Cadastre Reconstruction process,

10 10 - the obligations of the contractor when implementing Cadastre Reconstruction Plan, - the obligations of CZ s residents in due course of cadastre reconstruction process. The obligations of residents are to submit the documents related to the properties they own, submitting of the requests, cooperation with the Commission and the Contractor. Cooperation and coordination of all stakeholders involved is mandatory in the process of reconstruction. 1.2 Public Display The law foresees that Public Display shall begin after the meetings, preparation and presentation of the property data to citizens. Whereas the AI on Awareness Campain describes the needed steps to be taken during the respective process Steps to be undertaken for Public Display are: - A special awareness campaign shall be undertaken for CR/BC data. - The data collected, created, processed during the CR/BC implementation process shall be subject to Public Display. - Public Display s starting date shall be advertised in media such as local radio stations, TV broadcasters, in at least two national newspapers and in the internet. This information shall be re-advertized for five (5) consecutive days before the Public Display and during the last five (5) consecutive days of the Public Display. - Special arrangements shall be made for disabled and illiterate people in order to inform them fully about their properties. - The posters shall be posted in public places and the leaflets shall be delivered to the residents of the CZ at least three (3) days before Public Display takes place. The posters and the leaflets shall indicate Public Display starting and completion date, the venue, the working hours when the reconstruction data shall be available to the public, and the right of owners to file applications for clarifications and complaints when they feel that the data are incomplete or erroneous. The posters shall be posted and the leaflets shall be delivered to the

11 11 residents during the whole time of the Public Display. In cases where the posters are damaged or where the currier runs out of leaflets, the posters shall be posted and the leaflets shall be redelivered. - Public Display lasts sixty (60) days when the data from CR/BC are presented in analogue and digital format. - Public Display of the CR data shall be carried out also through KCA s Webpage, twenty-four-seven (24/7). - The contractor shall provide the premises for holding the Public Display, and the Commission approves it in written. The office shall fulfill the technical conditions and shall be equipped with inventory and shall be suitable for meeting, for placing the documents in the wall and for communication with citizens. - Experts of the Contractor shall be present the whole time while the Public Display is carried out in order to provide clarifications to owner s requests. Experts of the Contractor might require help also from the Cadastre Reconstruction Commission. - At least one (1) Commission s members and one Contractor s representative shall be present in the office premises where the Public Display takes place. Each finalized case shall be entered into official KCLIS tekstual and graphic module. Note: Activities listed in Chapter 1 are applyed only during the systematic registration projects. 2. The measurement campaign Geodetic and cadastral measurements with GPS for providing accuracy. Accuracy should be checked at the beginning and at the end of carrying out measurements. This accuracy check is achieved by reading a checking point. The checking point should be a referent point with adjusted and verified coordinates. Whereas at the measurements with Total Station there should be two orienting points and a centering point (Station). Additional stabilized points for continuing detail measurements with total station could have a standard deviation σ 25 mm which presents the accuracy of the measurements as in the table below.

12 Measurement standards field measurements for control points and detail points should be delivered in the original measurement file. two independent measurements should be carried out for each stabilized and detail point measured with GNSS Rover. for GNSS measurements, a control point should be measured in a distance from the detail up to 5km. for measurements with total station there should be three (3) points (one station and two orienting points). standard deviation should be implemented according to the tables presented below Digital cadastral map is a public evidence of the immovable property. Digital cadastral map should contain the origin, accuracy and reliability of the data. Final coordinates determined with cadastral measurements present the accurate positioning of the point/points of the object in graphical cadastral base. As an ultimate aim this way we gradually move into the digital coordinate cadastre. In the coordinate cadastre are not handled the areas but only the coordinates of detail points of the property boundary. Measuring standards are incorporated from the coordinate system KOSOVAREF01 (2012), with KOPOS services. The source of the coordinates is specified in three categories, as follows: Surveying coordinate (SC) Digitized coordinate (DC) Unknown source (US)

13 13 Accuracy of coordinates (related to the control points of 1st order and to the permanent reference stations of KOPOS) is specified according to standard deviation (σ) in field categorizing as in the table below: Class Standard deviation (σ) in horizontal plane Description 1 Coordinates are treated as error-free geodetic control points of 1st order and KOPOS permanent reference stations 2 σ 15 mm geodetic control points 2nd order 3 σ 20 mm geodetic control points 3rd order 4 σ 25 mm Additional point stabilized for continuing detail measurements 5 σ 30 mm Detail points of the cadastral unit in urban area 6 σ 50 mm Detail points of the cadastral unit in rural area 7 σ 100 mm Detail points of the cadastral unit in mountain regions The reliability of the coordinates is specified in the following two categories: Completely checked coordinate (CC) Coordinate not checked (NC)

14 14 For status final coordinates in the digital cadastral map the following standards have to be fulfilled: point type region source accuracy class (σ) Reliability Parcel detail point Urban KM (σ 30 mm) KV Rural KM (σ 50 mm) KV Mountain KM (σ 100 mm) KV Building detail point Urban KM (σ 30 mm) KV Rural KM (σ 50 mm) KV Mountain KM (σ 100 mm) KV Coordinates of cadastral units borders should meet the standards mentioned in the table above, while the criteria for double measurement applies only to control points and points of parcel boundary. Double measurements of buildings points is applied only when the building corner is also the boundary of the parcel. Based on Article 6 of AI 2013/02 allowed error (Δ) for measurement and cadastral surveying is approved according to the formula for standard deviation (σ): = ±2 σ

15 Standards for the use of KOPOS KOPOS offers official services of the positioning for determining the coordinates directly in the geodetic datum for Kosovo KOSOVAREF01 (2012). Determination of the position can be done directly in the field in real time (preferred method) or later in the office with post-processing method (complementary method). For determining the independent position of the points the main condition for double measurement of each point (one measurement is not a measurement) should be fulfilled as well as these preconditions: two independent surveys with GNSS Rover for each measurement, time difference between the first measurement and the second measurement should be not less than 35 minutes, The complete function of the used GNSS inclusive the determined coordinates in KOSOVAREF01 (2012) in real-time is to check at the same day by a comparison measurement on a well-known geodetic control point of 3rd or higher order. This comparison point has to be selected not further away than 5 km from the concerned cadastral surveying part within the day. 2.3 Controll points and boundary points During the measurement campaign in the parcel should be measured the detail points of the existing boundaries in the field. The measured points should have the code based on the list of codes and unique number. Within one CZ there cannot be two points with the same number. The table below presents the code and its description. Description of codes:

16 16 Code Description Boundary points of the parcels 1 Monument (stone, engraved stone etc) 2 Peg metallic pole 3 wall 4 Peg plastic pole 5 Building detail point (object) 6 Peg wood pole 7 Pipe 8 Peg concrete pole Checking points 11 Monument (stone, engraved stone etc) 12 Metallic pole 13 Cross 14 Pipe 15 Peg 16 High peak (antenna, church, mosque) Other detail points 40 Building points, walls 41 Waters 42 Mountain peak 43 Side road 44 Other signs 45 Axis of road 46 Milestone on the road 47 Important tree 48 Pylon, air pole 49 Transmission lines 50 Transformer 60 Public buildings and for collective housing Numbering checking points: The checking point s number should have 6 digits as below: XXYYYY

17 17 XX municipality code YYYY ordinal number of points 2.4. Reconstruction of parcel boundaries Original measurements for parcel boundaries serve as a base for Cadastre Reconstruction. These original data should be archived in the database to be used as final measurement up to the next measurements of reconstructed parcels Creation and numbering of new parcels New parcels in CR/BC process can be created only if they exist with real boundaries in the field, whereas the parcels in urban areas are created according to the urban plan. During the regular maintenance process of cadastre, in urban areas the surveyor creates parcels according to the urban plan, whereas in rural areas according to the owner/authorizer s request. Numbering of parcels is done based on the existing legislation. In a part of the cadastral zone involved in land consolidation, the creation and numbering of new parcels is done based on the Law Land Regulation.

18 Division of base parcel (e.g ) The parcel 100 is divided in two other parcels as presented in the figure below. In this case the new parcels get the number and whereas the base parcel remains is archived.

19 Division of parcels with subdivisions The parcel with the number later on has three subdivisions which will get the number e.g , 100-5, etc. Whereas the parcel is archived

20 Amalgamation of parcels Through amalgamation of parcels is created a new property, therefore the property gets a new number. The parcel created will get the last number (n) and a plus (n+1) within the Cadastral Zone as in the figure below, providing the number

21 Public property Public property cannot be alienated without the legal binding decision from the institution itself for the respective property. The current situation of the public properties: roads, railways, rivers, streams and others during CR/BC should be surveyed. And by comparing those surveys with the situation in the cadastral documents is evidenced their property. If the respective institution has expropriated the roads, railways, rivers etc., then the Commission together with the Contractor shall provide the elaborate by making a request in written to this institution for the data of this elaborate. The Contractor in cooperation with the Commission and based on the elaborate should update the graphical as well as the textual part. If the expropriation is carried out but the elaborate is not provided, then the current situation measured for that unit is delivered to the respective institution and is required that until the end of the project to be commented and the data to be official. Existing situation in the official graphical base

22 22 When dividing and creating new parcels we should refer to Chapter Parcel Actual Situation Current situation on the field

23 Updated situation after expropriation 23

24 24 Reconstruction of public parcels In the case as in the figure above when the CZ are under Reconstruction we are dealing with public parcels such as: rivers, streams, lakes, roads etc., the contractor surveys the current situation and proposes that the Commission together with the support of the municipal representative should reconstruct (consolidate) the parcels based on the current situation. Shall be adjusted the parcel (river) the parcel (in this case the mosque garden) as well as the parcel (public road).

25 Handling crossroads of parcels Crossroad road-river In cases where the river is crossed by a road and there is a bridge of strong material (concrete, metal material) then the road parcel is stopped and priority is given to the river, see the interrupted lines in the figure below. Rruga Lumi Crossroad road-railway The crossroad road-railway on the same level as in the figure below, the road parcel is stopped and priority is given to railway parcel.

26 Crossroad road-stream In cases of crossroad road-stream as in the figure below, the parcel of stream is stopped and priority is given to road parcel Crossroad river-railway In cases of crossroad river-railway as in the picture below, the railway parcel is stopped and priority is given to the river parcel.

27 Creation of new parcels Amalgamation of parcels Case 1 if in the graphical part is more than one parcel, whereas in the field there is only one parcel, their amalgamation cannot be done without owner s request. Such case can be seen in the figure below where in the map the parcel 518 is dividend. Case 2 if the parcels with subdivisions are of the same owner and are registered in IPRR, but they are not registered in the graphical part, the owner shall be informed. During this process the owner shall require to amalgamate them or to identify the borders of each parcel in order to update also the graphical part.

28 28 Case 3 Handling parcels with different culture and class (of the same owner) is done by current survey, whereas after surveying parcels are divided based on the current situation in the field. Changing the culture and the classes is done based on the existing legislation. Old situation New situation Old points New Points Old parcel New parcel Nr. old point Nr new point Case 4 In the case where the situation in the field is different from the graphical part, and there are two or more parcels and the owner is the same, then those parcels should be amalgamated and afterwards divide the parcels based on the current situation in the field. During the reconstruction process should not be created parcels of small area and unadjusted as in the figure below. The parcels with small area that are in IPRR should be amalgamated with a bigger parcel based on the created documentation (figure below).

29 29 Very small parcel or part of parcel that should not be registered Division If the current situation is different from the data in the cadastral register, because the owners of the parcels are different, this is how it is proceeded: First step is surveyed and are created parcels according to the current situation in the field. In the figure below the red line presents the surveyed situation in the field, whereas the black line presents the situation in the cadastral register. Second step creation of the minutes for the new parcels as a change between the two situations (situation in the cadastral register and the situation surveyed). New created parcels from the difference between two situations are presented with a red colour in the figure below.

30 30 Old situation New situation Nr. old parc Nr new parc Points Ocupied area Third step after finalizing the ownership process then is created the new parcel through amalgamation.

31 31

32 32 Final situation The area with yellow colour should be created with its feature and those should be considered as information for review by the Commission and the road owner (respective institution), in order to legalize them or to handle them as occupies properties. The figure presents the final situation.

33 Private roads If the road is created in private property/properties of different owners, it should be created as a cadastral unit with co-ownership between those owners through whose properties that road passes by or based on a possible mutual agreement between owners. If co-owners agree for the road to be transferred into a public property then the Commission should proceed by sending their request to the respective institution for changing the ownership. Old situation New situation Old points New Points Old parcel New parcel Nr. old point Nr new point 2.8 Handling water and forests Waters - River bed is surveyed in its stream and presented in graphical base. - If there are big changes the commission should review the situation with the owner of subjected properties for updating and legalizing actual situation.

34 Forests - forests where there are different owners and there are no boundaries of parcels in the field shall not be surveyed. - Owners shall create conditions to the company for surveying (cutting the woods if necessary). Note: All cadastral units created in KCLIS graphic should be registered in KCLI-textual as well. Chapter 3. The buildings and parts of buildings 3.1. Surveying the buildings Buildings should have an accurate position in the cadastral map same as in the field. The area of the building unit is considered a closed polygon, and is presented with a full line. During the reconstruction process should be presented and created a cadastral unit for all the objects (buildings) within the CZ. In order to create them, should be surveyed minimum three points of two long fronts of building with measuring instruments GNSS/Total Station, whereas the other points should be created by measuring the front part of the building with classic measurement method or any other method, but those points should fulfill the accuracy criteria. Building Digized point Dimensions Building nr. Measured point Parcel Roof

35 Conditions for registering the buildings - In places where there is urban planning, objects should have building permission, and usage permission certificate. Otherwise will not be able to be registered in KCLIS - text and graphic. - Objects that are registered in KCLIS and in cadastral maps but they do not exist in the field; they should be deleted from the official register (KCLIS). - During the reconstruction process and regular maintenance should be required from owners to present their construction permit and usage certificate. For the buildings where owners do not present the respective documents, those buildings can be registered in KCLIS but with identification that are buildings without permit. - If the object is in KCLIS but not in the graphical part then it should be verified if counting is done in the correct form. If not then the counting should be done based on the Administrative Instruction in force. Then the textual part should be corrected and the graphical part created. - For public and collective buildings such as: schools, family medical centers, kindergartens, religious objects, where the owner/owners of the parcels where these buildings lay upon are not the same with the owner/owners of the objects then a decision for expropriation should be required. If it is a private property the minutes of meeting should be signed between the private and public owner transferring the ownership from private into public property.

36 36 - The entrance/entrances of buildings and private houses should appear in the graphical part. 3.3 Building features and attributes Building features in the graphical part: Building points The geometry of building and parts of buildings Entrances (with coordinates) Attributes of buildings in graphical part: No. of building No. of unit No. of floors No. of floor Current usage Building status (with permission, without permission) Description of object (before 99 or after 99 and public objects) Designation Address Other data 3.4 Presentation of buildings in the graphical part Case 1: The building geometry is presented with a full line in the graphical part. The area of the building is calculated based on the geometry with a full line (building foot print). With broken lines are presented the inner parts of the building for different floors. These features are only as additional information and are created as special features for each floor as a polygon.

37 37 Case 2: Tunnels or passages beneath the building Tunnels or passages beneath the building are only as additional information and are created as a special feature (polygon).

38 38 Case 3: Shelter and covering at the entrance Polygon with a red broken line presents a shelter, balcony, different coverings.

39 39 Case 4: Hollow spaces within the building If within the building there is a hollow then the geometry of the building is created while excluding the hollow part. Case 5: In the graphical part these buildings appear in this form

40 40 Case 6: In the graphical part these buildings appear in this form Case 7: Transformer All transformers should be graphically presented. Floor description should be null.

41 41 Case 8: Shelter of the roof As additional feature for buildings appears also the shelter. This feature is created as a continuous line (polyline). It appears when the roof shelter is wider then 50cm. In cases when the shelter is >0.50m, it is presented

42 42 In cases when the shelter is <0.50m, not presented Case 9: Porch As additional feature for buildings appears also the porch as a polygon and serves as information which is not included in the building unit area.

43 43 Case 10: Building in two parcels If building is lies in twoo parcels and has two entrances then should be created two building units. Case 11: Buildings in common basis (footprint) In this case when we have buildings that build in common basis (footprint), then the building unit is marked with full line (polygon), whereas with broken line (polygon) appear separate buildings.

44 44 Case 12: Underground garage Case 13: Building s additional parts In cases where the additional part of the building is within the building then that part becomes part of the whole building unit.

45 45 Case 14: Gas station Gas stations buildings are created as building units, whereas the shelter as additional part of the building is created as a polygon feature which is additional information and is not included in the building unit. Case 15: Bins and different reservoirs If there is more than one bin/barn close to one another as in the figure below, then in the graphical part appears as illustrated below. Whereas if we have only one separate bin it appears as one.

46 46 Case 16: Conductor Conductors of electric network appear as additional information. Angles of the electric pillar appear as a point, the shape of the pillar as a continuous closed line (polyline), whereas with broken lines the direction of the network. Case 17: Links and passages between buildings Links and passages between two buildings appear as a feature polygon and serve as additional information but are not part of building unit area.

47 47 Case 18: Balcony, porch and shelter Balcony, porch and shelter go beyond the building footprint appear as polygon features and serve as additional information but are not part of building unit area.

48 48 Case 19: Water well Water well will be presented as a point Parts of buildings The floors should be presented based on actual floor plan for every floor in the building starting from the basement and continuing with upper floors. Sketches should contain the no. of object, no. of floor, no. of unit Numbering of units (apartments, premises) in one floor is done from the left to the right side. Joint units (stairs, elevator and the hall etc.) should be presented and should be geo-referenced Parts of building units (apartments, premises etc.) are created as cadastral units, whereas the joint units (stairs, elevator and the hall) are presented graphically in the sketch.

49 Note: All cadastral units as building and parts of buildings created in KCLIS graphic should be registered in KCLItextual as well. 49

50 Buildings that are not measured and do not appear in the graphical part Building under construction

51 51 Building under construction Ruined buildings

52 52 Barns and grain storage bins Warehouse

53 53 Phone booth ATM

54 54 Different greenhouses Outside oven

55 55 Barn Sport field

56 56 Garages build with no strong construction Carwash build of no strong construction

57 Kiosk/Booth 57

58 58 Veranda or covered resting Shelter or covered cages

59 Shelter at the entrance of the courtyard 59

60 60 Other objects (power objects, post objects) Other objects (bus stations)