Tool for Land Consolidation

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Scarlett Underwood
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LandSpaCES * : A Spatial Planning The Empowerment of Local

25-28 October, Paris, France Tool for Land Consolidation

Spatial Analysis and Policy School of Geography (LandSpaCES

Demetriou **, District Land Consolidation Officer of

1 LandSpaCES * : A Spatial Planning The Empowerment of Local Authorities: Spatial Information and Spatial Planning Tools October, Paris, France Tool for Land Consolidation Demetris Demetriou **, John Stillwell, Linda See Centre for Spatial Analysis and Policy School of Geography (LandSpaCES * = Land Spatial Consolidation Expert System) Demetris Demetriou **, District Land Consolidation Officer of Larnaca and Famagusta, Cyprus Dipl. (Eng.), MSc (Eng.), MSc, PhD (Cand.)

2 Contents o 1. Land consolidation concepts o 2. LACONISS o 3. LandSpaCES o 4. Design module o 5. Evaluation module o 6. Conclusions

3 Land fragmentation

4 Land consolidation

5 Land consolidation = 1. Land consolidation concepts Land reallocation + Infrastructure o The problem: How to optimally rearrange the existing land tenure structure in a certain rural area so as to fulfill the aims of a particular land consolidation project? o It is the most important and complex process of land consolidation Land redistribution + Land partitioning

6 1. Land consolidation concepts Land redistribution o Design problem : decision making owhich landowners will take property in the new plan and which not? o What is the total area and value of the property which will receive each landowner in the new plan? o How many parcels will receive each landowner in the new plan? o What is the area and value of each new parcel? o What is the approximate location of the new parcel(s) will take each landowner? o Evaluation problem o Once we have a set of alternative solutions which one is the best?

7 LACONISS LAnd CONsolidation 2. LACONISS Integrated Support System for planning and decision making

8 The operational framework of LACONISS LACONISS (Land Consolidation Integrated Support System for planning and decision making) 2. LACONISS LandFragmentS (Land Fragmentation System) Intelligence phase Land Fragmentation module (GIS+MADM) Design phase I Land redistribution design module (GIS+ES) LandSpaCES (Land Spatial Consolidation Expert System) Choice phase I Land redistribution evaluation module (GIS+MADM) LandParcelS (Land Parcelling System) Design II & Choice II Land partitioning module (GIS+ GAs+ MODM) Alternative land redistribution plans Best land redistribution plan Final land reallocation plan

9 The scope of the system 3. LandSpaCES o automate the process of land redistribution o be used as a decision support tool o structure the process in a systematic and transparent way o considerably diminish the time needed to carry out the process o be capable of evaluating a set of alternative land redistributions

10 LandSpaCES integration tools GIS 3. LandSpaCES ES Solutions MCDM Best solution

11 Expert systems (ES) 4. Design module IF this condition (or premise or antecedent) occurs THEN some action (or results or conclusion, or consequence) will or should occur.

12 4. Design module Interface

13 Input data: GIS layers 4. Design module Cadastral plan Roads and streams

14 4. Design module Inputs data: cadastral databases

15 Facts: decision variables 4. Design module F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 The minimum parcel area limit (in m 2 ) for this land consolidation area as set by legislation The minimum holding's size limit (in m 2 ) for a landowner to receive a parcel in the new plan as set by the Committee The minimum holding's land value limit (in CyP) for a landowner to receive a parcel in the new plan as set by the Committee The lower limit (in m 2 ) of a "small" holding size The upper limit (in m 2 ) of a "small" holding size The lower limit (in m 2 ) of a "medium" holding size The upper limit (in m 2 ) of a "medium" holding size The lower limit (in m 2 ) of a "large" holding size The weight for parcel area for the calculation of the PPI (Parcel Priority Index) The weight for parcel land value for the calculation of the PPI (Parcel Priority Index) The minimum residual area limit (in m 2 ) for the creation of a new parcel for those landowners may receive more than one Note: the number in brackets represents the area in donums (1 donum=1338 m 2 ) o Parcel priority index (PPI) defines: o the priority of a landowner-parcel pair in terms of allocating a parcel in a certain location or not o the location preferences for the landowner s new parcels

16 4. Design module Outputs: GIS layers

17 4. Design module Outputs: database tables

18 System Vs Human experts System performance based on nine validation criteria C Design module Criteria C8 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C Percentage

19 System Vs Human Experts 4. Design module o A human expert needs about 30 working days to prepare the case study s land redistribution problem o Study area: 200 hectares o Number of parcels/shares: 480 o Number of landowners: 253 o LandSpaCES needs only 6 minutes

20 5. Evaluation module Evaluation module interface

21 Multi-attribute decision methods (MADM) 5. Evaluation module (Sharifi et al., 2004)

22 Set of alternative options Alt-1 Alt-6 4. Design module Alt-8 Alt-10

23 Set of evaluation criteria 5. Evaluation module DoP = size of new parcels (C1) parcel concentration coefficient-pcc (C2) New! number of landowners (C3) landowner satisfaction rate-lsr (C4) New! ownerships completed (C5) PCC calculation n n 2 (xi xhmc) + i= 1 i= 1 LSR calculation mi = n ROi + 1 n (y y ' Maxmi = n n + 1 i hmc ) 2 PSR If DoPb = DoPa then PCC = 0 P If DoPb > DoPa If DoPb< DoPa i = 100 ' n n + 1 ( n RO + 1) 100 = ' n n i + 1 LSR j LSR = = PCC = DoPb DoPa DoP b n' DoPa DoP DoPa PCC = n ' n i= 1 l j= 1 PSR n ' LSR l i j b

24 5. Evaluation module Impact table

25 5. Evaluation module Standardisation process: Value functions

26 5. Evaluation module Decision table

Assign weights to criteria: Qualitative rating method Rank order Scale of importance Score Classes 1 Extremely high 100 2 Very high 80 Upper 3 High 60 4 Intermediate 40 Middle 5.

27 Assign weights to criteria: Qualitative rating method Rank order Scale of importance Score Classes 1 Extremely high Very high 80 Upper 3 High 60 4 Intermediate 40 Middle 5. Evaluation module 5 Moderate 30 6 Low 20 7 Very low 10 Criterion Scale of importance Score Weight C1 Extremely high C2 Very high C3 High C4 Intermediate C5 Moderate C6 Low C7 Very low Lower N i= 1 w i = 1

28 Value function approach V j = N i= 1 w i v ij 5. Evaluation module V j is the overall value i.e. performance score of the j th alternative (j =1 to M) V ij is the standardised value of the score α ij in the the j th alternative with respect to the i th criterion (i =1 to N) measured by utilising an appropriate value function W i is the weight for criterion i

29 Ranking alternative solutions Alternatives 5. Evaluation module Ranking order A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10

30 Sensitivity analysis 5. Evaluation module Triantaphyllou, 1997 SA of weights D ' k = min 1 i< j M i k R = k δ ' k,i, j SA of performance scores (P P W ) 100 a ij sens (C ) = k 1 D ' k

31 Case study: 10 alternatives Alternative Description 5. Evaluation module A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 Experts solution (Irrigated project) Medium area and land value minimum limits High area and land value minimum limits Unequal PPI weights for area and land value Low small-medium-large holdings sizes High minimum area of new parcels with high area and land value minimum limits Low minimum area of new parcels with high area and land value minimum limits Low area and land value minimum limits with low small-medium-large holdings sizes Inverse unequal PPI weights for area and land value (comparing to alt-4) Arid project

32 Ranking alternative solutions 1 Alt-1 Alt-2 Alt-3 Alt-4 Alt-5 Alt-6 Alt-7 Alt-8 Alt-9 Alt Evaluation module Alt-1=Experts solution Scenario-1 Scenario-2 Scenario-3 Scenario-4

33 Conclusions o LandSpaCES is a powerful planning tool for land consolidation o High system performance of the Design module 5. Evaluation module o Integration of GIS with ES is still valuable for solving complex spatial planning problems o Evaluation module provides a comprehensive and flexible evaluation of alternative land redistribution plans o Value functions is an excellent manner to incorporate experts knowledge in the evaluation process o Potential applicability to other countries

34 Many thanks for your attention and patience!

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