CIS 467/602-01: Data Visualization

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1 CIS 47/02-0: Data Visualization Introduction & Data Dr. David Koop

2 Recap (Administrivia) Course Focus Course Web Site Syllabus - Plagiarism - Accommodations Textbook Assignments Registration - Please me if you are not currently enrolled if you haven t already 2

3 Recap (Topics) Relationship to Computer Graphics Meaningful representation of data Why visualization? Types of data How should we create visualizations? Exploration versus explanation 3

4 2 AV BROADWAY LEXINGTON AV 3 AV AV 2 AV 3 ST 3 ST 57 St Jackson Av THE HUB 2 5 E 49 St HUNTS RIVERBANK MOTT HAVEN 3 Av 49 St POINT Transportation STATE PARK 45 St Harlem 45 St 45 St 2 A B C D 48 St 5 Data - NYC MTA 3 38 St Grand 3 Concourse 37 St 4 5 City College 35 ST 35 St 35 St B C 2 3 RIKERS ISLAND 25 St 25 St 25 St A B C D 2 3 M0 25 St M0 LaGuardia Airport LaGuardia Harlem 4 HARLEM 5 Airport 25 St EAST RANDALLS HARLEM ISLAND Hudson River A St Columbia University M0 LGA Airport Cathedral Pkwy (0 St ) M0 LaGuardia Airport LINCOLN TUNNEL WASHINGTON HEIGHTS RIVERSIDE PARK RIVERSIDE DR RIVERSIDE DR Amtrak FT WASH AV 03 St 9 St St UPPER WEST SIDE 79 St 72 St 2 3 St Lincoln Center 59 St Columbus Circle A WEST B C D SIDE JAVITS CENTER NJTransit Amtrak 2 AV 8 St A C A C WEST END AV A BROADWAY 53 ST 50 St C E southbound only 3 St Amsterdam Av C 23 St C E 4 St A C E St B C Cathedral Pkwy (0 St) B C 03 St B C 9 St B C 8 St B C 8 St Museum of Natural History B C 72 St B C Christopher St Sheridan Sq GREENWICH VILLAGE Houston St PATH PATH C 8 Av L 55 St 55 St PATH B D B D E 7 Av 4 St St-7 Av N Q R 28 St 23 St 8 St 23 St F M L Av 4 St F M St St 4 St Yankee Stadium Central Park North (0 St) St F B D 4 Lexington Av/3 St 9 St 8 St-NYU N R WASHINGTON SQUARE PARK W 4 St Wash Sq A B C D E F M Prince St Spring St N R C E SOHO Place 2 3 City Hall R World Trade Center WTC Site E Fulton St 9/ Memorial Cortlandt St WTC Cortlandt St R A C J Z FINANCIAL southbound DISTRICT Wall St 4 5 Wall St Rector St Rector St R 2 3 Broad St J Z Bowling Green 4 5 South Ferry F 28 St N R 23 St N R St 0 St 03 St 9 St 8 St St 8 St Hunter College ST Grand Central 42 St excepts S Metro-North 33 St 28 St 23 St 4 St Union Sq L N Q R 3 Av L N Q R St B D 49 St Grand Concourse 50 St 49 St 5 Av/53 St 5 St 50 ST E N Q R Sts M 50 ST n-bound Rockefeller Ctr B D F M 42 St Port Authority Bus Terminal A C E 34 St Penn Station A C E LIRR 23 ST AV WEST ST AMSTERDAM AV 0 AV 25 ST COLUMBUS AV 9 AV HUDSON RIVER PARK HOLLAND TUNNEL ST NICHOLAS AV CENTRAL PARK WEST Times Sq-42 St N Q R S excepts 34 St Penn Station 2 3 LIRR EIGHTH AV FREDERICK DOUGLASS BLVD Christopher St ELLIS ISLAND LIBERTY ISLAND ST 45 ST BROADWAY BLEECKER ST HOUSTON ST WEST ST SEVENTH AV SPRING ST CANAL ST ADAM CLAYTON POWELL BLVD (7AV) ST NICHOLAS AV rush hours 34 St Herald Sq B D F GREENWICH M N Q R MALCOLM X BLVD (LENOX AV) W 4 ST VARICK ST AV SIXTH AV 42 St Bryant Pk B D F M CHURCH ST SIXTH AV Yankees- E53 St MANHATTAN CHELSEA BATTERY PARK CITY CENTRAL PARK CENTRAL PARK SOUTH ST METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART 33 St 23 St 4 St 53 ST 5 Av 7 4 ST GRAND ST BROADWAY FIFTH AV 5 AV 0 ST 5 Av/ 59 St N Q R BROADWAY HOUSTON ST BROADWAY MADISON AV BLEECKER PARK AV S Staten Island Ferry MADISON AV PARK AV ST Av 38 St Astor Pl LAFAYETTE ST Bleecker St L B way Lafayette St B D F M Spring St LITTLE ITALY J Z Bowery Whitehall St South Ferry R THIRD AV 3 AV Lexington Av/59 St N Q R 59 ST 59 St 4 5 Lexington Av/53 St E M 42 ST BOWERY SECOND AV 2 AV 3 ST FIRST AV AV 72 ST CANAL ST E BWAY F 2 Av L Av Chambers St J Z Brooklyn Bridge City Hall 4 5 WATER ST ER AV Melrose 9 ST 8 ST 79 ST Canal St Canal St Canal St A C E TRIBECA J N Q Franklin St R Z CHINATOWN Chambers St Chambers St A C 2 3 Park St. George Tompkinsville WEST NEW BRIGHTON SNUG HARBOR Stapleton PORT CULTURAL CENTER RICHMOND RICHMOND TERRACE MARINERS SILVER LAKE Clifton S5 V NOHO UPPER EAST SIDE E 38 ST E Simpson St 2 5 Intervale Av 2 5 Prospect Av 2 5 Brook Av BRUCKNER EXPWY YORK AV TRAMWAY UNITED NATIONS 23 ST EAST VILLAGE a s t R i v e r St Grand StDelancey B D East Broadway F summer only BRIDGE R OBERT F KENNEDY F Roosevelt Island QUEENSBORO BRIDGE ALLEN ST SOUTH ST QUEENS MIDTOWN TUNNEL E 4 ST 3 ST ROOSEVELT ISLAND E 8 ST Cypress Av Court Sq-23 St E M Vernon Blvd Jackson Av 7 Long Island City FDR DR LOWER EAST SIDE HUGH L. CAREY TUNNEL EAST RIVER PARK Essex St F J M Z PROSPECT AV 4 AV DELANCEY ST R U T GERS ST tunnel closed until fall 204 runs weekends via Manhattan Br GOVERNORS ISLAND E 43 St St Mary s St SO WESTCHESTE R A V SOUTHERN BLVD Astoria Ditmars Blvd N Q Astoria Blvd M0 LGA Airport N Q Queensboro Plaza N Q 7 Court Sq 7 G 7 2 St G Whitlock Av Hunts Point Av Longwood Av 30 AV VERNON BLVD 39 Av N Q 30 Av N Q Broadway N Q LONG ISLAND CITY 2 St Queensbridge F N 7 ST MANHATTAN BRIDGE BROOKLYN BRIDGE 2 ST 3 Av N Q weekends High St DUMBO A C 2 3 Clark St Queens Plaza E M R 3 St M R Hunterspoint Av Hunters Point Av 7 LIRR GREENPOINT WILLIAMSBURG BRIDGE BROOKLYN BRIDGE PARK BROOKLYN HEIGHTS MANHATTAN AV Bedford Av L NAVY YARD HICKS ST Steinway St 7 M R York St F Hoyt St 2 3 F G Bergen St F G Carroll St M0 33 St-Rawson St Greenpoint Av G Court St R Borough Hall HENRY ST ASTORIA NEW YORK 2 3 and northbound 4 5 TRANSIT MUSEUM CARROLL GARDENS RED HOOK DITMARS BLVD STEINWAY ST 7 M R Nassau Av G GREENPOINT AV 4 St LIRR 40 St Lowery St J M Z Marcy Av JAY ST SMITH ST 48 ST FLATBUSH AV ASTORIA BLVD BROADWAY Q70 Ltd Q72 Q47 Q70 Ltd (starts Sep 8) Northern Blvd L Q70 Ltd (starts Sep 8) 4 St Bliss St 7 M R QUEENS BLVD LONG ISLAND EXPWY NASSAU AV WILLIAMSBURG 9 ST Lorimer St FLUSHING AV Jay St MetroTech A C F R Smith 9 Sts 7 St Woodside 52 St Metropolitan Av R Atlantic Av Barclays Ctr Union St F G G FORT GREENE J M Hewes St Nevins St Hoyt Schermerhorn A C G BERGEN ST UNION ST JACKSON HEIGHTS WASHINGTON MYRTLE AV FORT GREENE PARK DeKalb Av B Q R 4 Av 9 St Prospect Av R 25 St R Q33 (ends Sep 7) 82 St Jackson Hts 7 74 St Broadway Q70 Ltd LGA Airport 7 D N R LIRR F G R LAGUARDIA AIRPORT 82 ST M R 5 St 7 9 St 7 Q70 Ltd LGA Airport Fulton St G (starts Sep 8) Graham Av L Grand St 3 St J M Broadway G L BUSHWICK AV Flushing Av G BEDFORD AV Clinton Washington Avs G FOURTH AV FOURTH AV Woodside Q72 Montrose Av J M Lorimer St Flushing Av Bedford Nostrand Avs G Classon Av G QUEENS BROOKLYN Q48 Mets Willets Point St 7 Q48 LGA Airport 03 St Corona Plaza 7 Junction Blvd 7 Q72 LGA Airport 90 St Elmhurst Av 7 Elmhurst Av M R Lafayette Av C Atlantic Av Barclays Ctr B Q LIRR Park Pl S Bergen St NINTH ST Jackson Hts Roosevelt Av E F M R Q70 Ltd LGA Airport (starts Sep 8) Q47 LGA Airport (Marine Air Term only) UNION AV LAFAYETTE AV FLATBUSH AV FIFTH AV 7 Av PROSPECT AV F G L Morgan Av L F G 5 St Prospect Park Fort Hamilton Pkwy F G L Jefferson St Central Av Myrtle Av J M Z Myrtle Willoughby Avs C G Clinton Washington Avs FULTON ST B Q Av 2 3 Grand Army Plaza PARK SLOPE GREEN-WOOD CEMETERY ROOSEVELT AV METROPOLITAN AV WILSON AV urch Av F G Grand Av Newtown A C Franklin Av C S M M R DeKalb Av L Parkside Av J C Kingston Throop Avs Nostrand Av Franklin Av Botanic Garden S Q M R Woodhaven Blvd Knickerbocker Av M BUSHWICK 2 3 Eastern Pkwy Brooklyn Museum PROSPECT PARK CORONA GRAND AV MASPETH WYCKOFF AV MYRTLE AV BEDFORD- STUYVESANT BROOKLYN BOTANIC GARDEN BEDFORD AV MCDONALD HAMILTON PKWY PARKSIDE AV Myrtle Wyckoff Avs L M Kosciuszko St Prospect Park B Q S PARSONS BLVD WHITESTONE EXPWY Flushing Main St 7 JUNCTION BLVD BROADWAY Mets Willets Point 7 Q48 LGA Airport ST QUEENS BLVD FOREST AV RIDGEWOOD BUSHWICK AV Nostrand Av OCEAN PKW Z rush hours, J other times Church Av B Q LIRR President St 2 5 Beverley Rd Q Sterling St Cortelyou Rd Q Gates Av A C 2 5 Utica Av B Q M Seneca Av M R Q72 LGA Airport 3 Dr Rego Park Middle Village Metropolitan Av M Fresh Pond Rd M EASTERN PARKWAY Forest Av M Winthrop St 2 5 Newkirk Plaza Avenue H Q Chauncey St Z rush hours, J other times J Nostrand Av 3 E 5 ST CONEY ISLAND AV JUNIPER VALLEY PARK MIDDLE VILLAGE BERGEN ST CROWN HEIGHTS Flushing Halsey St L Halsey St C FULTON ST Crown Hts Utica Av 3 4 FLATBUSH Church Av 2 5 Beverly Rd ue J 7 Av M R Wilson Av L C Ralph Av Kingston Av 3 NOSTRAND AV Murray Hill FLUSHING FLUSHING MEADOWS CORONA PARK 2 ST WINTHROP ST FLATBUSH AV NORTHERN BLVD KISSENA BLVD REGO PARK HORACE HARDING EXPWY MYRTLE AV Newkirk Av Bushwick Av Aberdeen St L Rockaway Av UTICA AV UTICA AV southbound MIDWOOD AV H O CHURCH AV BEDFORD AV GLENDALE EAST FLATBUSH Flatbush Av Brooklyn College 2 5 MAIN ST Forest Hills FOREST HILLS Broadway Junction Forest Hills 7 Av A C J L Z L Saratoga Av 3 JEWEL AV E F M R Alabama Av J Atlantic Av Liberty Av C E F 75 Av Woodhaven Blvd J Z 85 St Forest Pkwy J 75 St Elderts Ln Z rush hours, J other times Cypress Hills J Rockaway Av 3 JACKIE ROBINSON PARKWAY Junius St 3 LIVONIA AV Sutter Av Rutland Rd 3 NOSTRAND AV V M Broadway East NY OCEAN HILL- BROWNSVILLE KISSENA PARK Crescent St J Z Norwood Av Z rush hrs, J other times Cleveland St J Van Siclen Av Z rush hrs, J other times FULTON ST VAN SINDEREN AV KINGS HWY Visit mta.info for detailed guides to subway service: click on Maps, then Individual Subway Lin Maps, Service Guide, or Late Night Service Map. For construction-related service changes on Planned Service Changes in the top menu bar. Little Auburndale Bayside Douglaston Neck On weekends, the Weekender website and app show construction-related scheduled service ch This information is also posted at station entrances and on platform columns of affected lines. Av Sutter L Van Siclen Av C QUEENS BLVD LIBERTY AV PITKIN AV EAST NEW YORK BROOKLYN E F Kew Gardens Union Tpke Q0 East 05 St L Canarsie Rockaway Pkwy L E F Briarwood Van Wyck Blvd Jamaica Van Wyck E LIRR Rockaway Blvd A 88 St A 80 St A Grant Av A Euclid Av A C Shepherd Av C 3 Pennsylvania Av 3 Livonia Av L LONG ISLAND KEW GARDENS HILLS REMSEN AV FLATLANDS AV Kew Gardens KEW GARDENS FOREST PARK METROPOLITAN AV RICHMOND HILL JAMAICA AV New Lots Av L B5 JFK Airport QUEENS 04 St Z rush hours, J other times WOODHAVEN BLVD New Lots Av 3 Van Siclen Av HILLCREST PARSONS BLVD 2 St Z rush hours, J other times St J VAN SICLEN AV PENNSYLVANIA AV FLATLANDS CANARSIE LIBERTY AV CROSS BAY BLVD Aqueduct North Conduit Av GATEWAY NATIONAL RECREATION AREA JAMAICA BAY WOODHAVEN OZONE PARK B5 Jamaica Bay Q0 Q3 Jamaica 79 St F 9 St F Parsons Blvd F JAMAICA Sutphin Blvd F Jamaica Center Parsons/Archer E J Z 04 St A EXPWY UTOPIA PKWY ST HILLSIDE AV LEFFERTS BLVD St A A Aqueduct Racetrack A Howard Beach JFK Airport FLOYD BENNETT FRESH MEADOWS HOWARD BEACH CLEARVIEW EXPWY Sutphin Blvd Archer Av JFK Airport E J Z LIRR A ARCHER AV Ozone Park Lefferts Blvd A UNION TURNPIKE JAMAICA ESTATES Jamaica VAN WYCK EXPWY JAMAICA AV AIRTRAIN CROSS BAY BLVD JAMAICA BAY WILDLIFE REFUGE Broad Channel A S CROSS BAY VETERANS MEMORIAL BRIDGE Beach 90 St A S Beach 98 St A S Beach 05 St A S Rockaway Park Beach St A S H CHANNEL DR CUNNINGHAM PARK MERRICK BLVD SUTPHIN BLVD JFK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 4 ROCKAWAY BEACH BLVD LINDEN BL B

5 MTA Fare Data Exploration 5

6 MTA Fare Data Exploration

7 MTA Fare Data Exploration 7

8 MTA Fare Data Exploration 7

9 MTA Fare Data Exploration 8

10 MTA Fare Data Exploration 9

11 MTA Fare Data Exploration A UGUST S U N M O N T U E W E D T H U F R I S A T 2 3 :0 :0 2 0:0 3 8:40 YES YES YES T OR 4 SD DET 8 BOS 25 TB DET 5 CHW 2 LAA 9 TOR 2 TOR DET CHW 3 LAA 20 TOR 27 TOR HOU 7 CHW 4 LAA 2 TOR 28 TOR DET 8 COL 5 LAA 22 TOR 29 TOR SD 9 DET BOS 23 TB 30 BAL SD 0 DET 7 BOS 24 TB 3 BAL 4:0 8:0 8:0 8:0 :0 7:05 :05 YES YES MY9 YES YES YES YES TBA 7:05 7:05 7:05 :05 7:0 4:05 TBA YES YES YES YES MY9 FOX TBA :0 7:05 7:05 :05 7:0 7:0 TBA YES MY9 YES YES MY9 YES :40 7:07 7:07 7:07 7:07 7:05 :05 YES YES YES YES YES YES YES S EPT EMBER S U N M O N T U E W E D T H U F R I S A T :05 2 :05 3 7:05 4 7:05 5 7:05 7:05 7 :05 YES YES YES YES YES YES FOX BAL 8 BOS 5 BOS 22 SF 29 HOU CHW CHW CHW BOS BOS 9 BAL 7:05 0 BAL BAL 2 BAL 3 BOS : TOR TOR TOR TOR SF 23 :0 YES TB TB TB TB HOU 30 :0 YES ALL GAMES ARE EASTERN TIME. HOU HOU CHW CHW T OR BOS 4 BOS 2 SF 28 HOU 30 T OR TBA 7:05 7:05 7:05 7:0 :05 TBA YES MY9 YES YES MY9 FOX TBA 7:07 2:0 :0 7:07 7:07 7:05 TBA TBA YES MY9 YES YES YES TBA :05 7:05 7:05 7:05 8:0 TBA YES YES MY9 YES YES YES TBA 2 03 R EGULAR SE ASON SCHED ULE 9

12 Definition Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively. T. Munzner 0

13 Definition Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively.

14 Definition NYC Subway Fare Data Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively.

15 Definition NYC Subway Fare Data Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively. Find Interesting NYC Subway Ridership Patterns

16 Definition Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively. 2

17 Why People? Certain tasks can be totally automated - Statistical computations - Machine learning algorithms - We don t need visualization for these tasks (although perhaps for debugging them ) Analysis problems are often ill-specified - What is the correct question? - Exploit human visual system, pattern detection capabilities - Goal may be an automated solution or a visual analysis system Presentation - It is often easier to show someone something than to tell them a bunch of facts about the data (and let them explore it) 3

18 Why Computers? [Cerebral, Barsky et al., 2007] 4

19 Why Computers? [Cerebral, Barsky et al., 2007] 5

20 Resource Limitations Memory and space constraints How many pixels do I have? Information Density [McGuffin & Robert, 200]

21 Definition Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively 7

22 Why Visual? I II III IV x y x y x y x y [F. J. Anscombe] 8

23 Why Visual? I II III IV x y x y x y x y Mean of x 9 Variance of x Mean of y 7.50 Variance of y 4.22 Correlation [F. J. Anscombe] 8

24 Why Visual? y y x x y y x 3 x 4 [F. J. Anscombe] CIS 02, Fall 204 9

25 Visual Pop-out [C. G. Healey, 20

26 Visual Pop-out [C. G. Healey, 2

27 Visual Pop-out [C. G. Healey, 22

28 Visual Perception Limitations [C. G. Healey, 23

29 Visual Perception Limitations [C. G. Healey, 24

30 Other Human Limitations Visual working memory is small Change blindness: Large changes go unnoticed when we are working on something else in our view 25

31 Definition Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively 2

32 Why Design? [viz.wtf] 27

33 Design Iteration 28

34 Design Iteration 29

35 Design Iteration 30

36 Definition Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of datasets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively 3

37 Why Effectiveness? It s not just about pretty pictures Any depiction of data requires the designer to make choices about how that data is visually represented - Analogy to photography - Lots of possibilities (see quarterback study) Effectiveness measures how well the visualization helps a person with their tasks - How? insight, engagement, efficiency? - Benchmarks and user studies 32

38 Analyzing Visualization What? Why? How? What? Why? How? What? Why? How? [Munzner (ill. Maguire), 204] 33