fig % of population incarcerated (Statistics from Department of Correctional Services: Annual Report. 2010)

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1 All photographs, diagrams, images and sketches by author, unless indicated otherwise 01 _ Introduction fig % of population incarcerated (Statistics from Department of Correctional Services: Annual Report. 2010) fig % reconviction rate (Statistics from Department of Correctional Services: Annual Report. 2010) fig % overcrowded prisons (Statistics from Department of Correctional Services: Annual Report. 2010) fig. 04 Social re-integration programme (Programme according to the Department of Correctional Services: Annual Report. 2010: p.81-84) fig. 05 Programming the in-between fig. 06 Department of Correctional Services logo ( fig. 07 National Treasury logo ( fig. 08 Department of Public Works logo ( fig. 09 Site location fig. 10 Users altering spaces according to ever-changing social needs fig. 11 Pretoria West _ fig. 12 Pretoria West _ fig. 13 Pretoria West _ 2011 fig. 14 Aerial view of Pretoria illustrating Pretoria West in context fig. 15 Urban gentrification of Pretoria West in hierarchal diagram fig. 16 Pretoria West _ Industrial (developed block North of site) fig. 17 Sustainable industrial environment by strategically balancing economic, social, and environmental needs 02 _ Literature Review 128 fig. 18 N.J. Habraken, the comparison between an infill package in a support structure and a car on the highway, ( fig. 19 Shugakuin Imperial Villa: modular dwelling for the Japanese Emperor, 17th Century. ( fig. 20 Siena, Italy. Developed according to Piecemal growth ( fig. 21 Panopticon, Jeremy Bentham ( fig. 22 Museum of the Moving Image Hospitality Pavilion ( fig. 23 Museum of the Moving Image Hospitality Pavilion (Assembly procedure) (Kronenburg, Robert Portable architecture: p.69)

2 03 _ Mapping & Contextual Analysis Geographical location of site Image from Rebecca bridge (overlooking West) Mapping as design generator Diagrammatic illustration of the Gauteng Metro rail infrastructure Adapted by author from ( Origin of rail commuters and densification of train stations throughout Pretoria Usage of stations throughout the day Certain places and buildings citizens relate to within Pretoria Rebecca station with adjacent built and natural context Elementary layered components forming existing industrial environment Combined layers illustrating current urban fabric Monotonous environment of Pretoria West due to escalating economic needs and urban gentrification Transportation connections around Rebecca station Birds eye view of Pretoria West (southwest - northwest) Birds eye view of Pretoria West (northwest - northeast) Birds eye view of Pretoria West (northeast - eastwest) Typical industrial textures found in Pretoria West Typical east-west streetscape (Mitchell street) (Initially submitted by author s urban framework group 2010) -Bertus van Sittert- Typical north-south streetscape (Rosetta street) (Initially submitted by author s urban framework group 2010) -Bertus van Sittert- View from Rebecca bridge (overlooking East) (Initially submitted by author s urban framework group 2010) -Bertus van Sittert- fig. 24 fig. 25 fig. 26 fig. 27 fig. 28 fig. 29 fig. 30 fig. 31 fig. 32 fig. 33 fig. 34 fig. 35 fig. 36 fig. 37 fig. 38 fig. 39 fig. 40 fig. 41 fig _ Context Development & Programme fig. 43 fig. 44 fig. 45 fig. 46 fig. 47 fig. 48 fig. 49 fig. 50 fig. 51 fig. 52 fig. 53 fig. 54 fig. 55 fig. 56 fig. 57 fig. 58 Aerial view of site and adjacent context Perspective illustrating site context Dilapidated warehouses currently on site (looking West) Assessing the built environment of Pretoria West (SBAT) Social needs Environmental needs Economic needs Proposed residential development Diagrammatic section illustrating proposed residential development in Pretoria West Revitalising strategy Intervention acting as a revitalising process Waste accumulated Production process of the halfway house Giving back to society Site development concept and production process Production concept as recycling process 129

3 fig. 59 fig. 60 fig. 61 fig. 62 fig. 63 fig. 64 Site development proposal Newspaper extract supporting production programme (Anon News 24: Beeld: 5, July 28.) Model by author illustrating the reassembly of recyclable waste into a new useful product Production programme logo Housing programme log Flexible programme logo 05 _ Precedents 130 fig. 65 fig. 66 fig. 67 fig. 68 fig. 69 fig. 70 fig. 71 fig. 72 fig. 73 fig. 74 fig. 75 fig. 76 fig. 77 fig. 78 fig. 79 fig. 80 fig. 81 Rail track leading to Rebecca station Extention to the Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris (1959), by Yona Friedman (Ley, S. & Richter, M Megastructure Reloaded: p.118) Ville Spatiale, Paris (1959), by Yona Friedman ( Parti diagram of Ville Spatiale Series of diagrams illustrating concept for La ville Spatiale (Ley, S. & Richter, M Megastructure Reloaded. London: Laurence King. McGraw-Hill. New York: p.123) Parti diagram of Potteries Thinkbelt Project Perspective from railway module ( Perspective of Potteries Thinkbelt Project ( Artist s illustration of the High Line public park ( Parti diagram of NYC High Line Park NYC High Line Park ( Perspective of pedestrian walk route ( Parti diagram of Micro Compact Village Design drawings of modular housing unit (Kronenburg, Robert Portable architecture. Design and Technology: p.112) Concept model of Micro Compact Village ( Crane transporting Micro Compact Module (Siegal, Jennifer More Mobile: Portable Architecture for Today: p.80) Clustered modules achieving The Compact Village (Siegal, Jennifer More Mobile: Portable Architecture for Today: p.81)

4 06 _ Concept development fig. 82 fig. 83 fig. 84 fig. 85 fig. 86 fig. 87 fig. 88 fig. 89 fig. 90 fig. 91 fig. 92 fig. 93 fig. 94 fig. 95 fig. 96 fig. 97 fig. 98 fig. 99 fig. 100 fig. 101 fig. 102 fig. 103 fig. 104 fig. 105 fig. 106 fig. 107 fig. 108 fig. 109 fig. 110 fig. 111 fig. 112 fig. 113 fig. 114 fig. 115 fig. 116 Dumping containers adjacent to site Aerial view of site illustrating location of redundant recyclable materials 328 Dumping containers available 1600 Rhodesian teak sleepers available 4200 m Rail tracks available 4515 m 2 Steel sheeting from existing warehouses available 1300 m Ductile iron water pipes available (currently stored in dilapidated warehouses) The erection sequence of a Terrapin structure (Terrapin bungalo of 1948, Archigram no. 3, August 1963). Concept sketch based on theoretical principles (southern elevation) Concept model 01 illustrating intervention constructed over existing warehouses footprint Axonometric drawing illustrating housing module assembly Hexagonal housing module constructed from three dumping containers Concept model 02 illustrating proposed living environment cantilevering over existing warehouse footprint Northern elevation illustrating working environment at ground level, and residential environment at upper levels Section A-A (housing concept) Phase 1: structural columns & service core Phase 2: vertical accessibility & structural beams (rail tracks) Phase 3:high tensile steel cables & hexagonal housing modules (east & west) Phase 4: Floor programmes Phase 5: Structure capable of various arrangements Ideology of a bee-hive-structure Perspective view between existing warehouses (looking East) Flexible social spaces determined by modular configuration Flexible spaces determined by lightweight partitioning Hexagonal form vs. conventional cubical form Chronological phases of a recycling / production process Recycling logo Each warehouse representing a sequential phase in the recycling / production process. Concept model 03 illustrating perspective view from new pedestrian walk route (looking East) Concept model 03 illustrating perspective view of southern facade (principal facade) Disorientated meandering process Orientated linear process Southern elevation reading as a linear process from East to West Summary of concept development process Most influential concept sketch illustrating the integration of the working and living environment 131

5 07 _ Design & Technical Development fig. 117 fig. 118 fig. 119 fig. 120 fig. 121 fig. 122 fig. 123 fig. 124 fig. 125 fig. 126 fig. 127 Perspective view of southern facade New axis over existing warehouses Axonometric of site development (view from northwest) Metro-Rail employee helping author to cut a rail track Axonometric of primary structure (view from northwest) Stair location Axonometric illustrating circulation routes throughout intervention (view from northwest) Heat extraction concept Axonometric of services throughout intervention (view from northwest) housing modules & structure recycled steel sheeting from existing warehouses (view from northwest) 08 _ Drawings fig. 128 fig. 129 fig. 130 fig. 131 fig. 132 fig. 133 fig. 134 fig. 135 fig. 136 fig. 137 fig. 138 fig. 139 fig. 140 Axonometric of proposed intervention (view from southwest) Axonometriic section through access route Site Development Plan Ground floor structure & movement First floor structure & movement Roof plan Cross - Section Axonometric Detailed Section Elevation _ North (from Carl street) Elevation _ South (from Courtyard) Elevation _ South (from Rebecca station) Elevation _ North (from Courtyard) Section (through access route) _ Physical Model fig. 141 fig. 142 fig. 143 fig. 144 Southern facade from courtyard Perspective of central courtyard North-western aerial view Complete site proposal (both students) 132

6 References Abel, C Evolutionary Planning. Architectural Design, December: Alexander, Christopher The Oregon Experiment. New York: Oxford University Press. Anderson, M. & Anderson, P Prefab Prototypes: Site Specific Design for Offsite Construction. Princeton Architectural Press. New York, New York. Arieff, A. & Burkhart, B Prefab. 1st ed. Salt Lake City: Gibbs Smith. Brad, G. & Ciarimboli, N Design for Disassembly in the Built Environment: A Guide to Closed-loop Design and Building. Seattle: Hamer Center for Community Design, The Pennsylvania State University. Brand, Stewart How buildings learn : What happens after they re built. New York, NY: Viking. Casteus, M The Rise of Network Society. Cambridge M/A. City of Tshwane, City of Tshwane Compaction and Densification Strategy. [Accessed 10 April 2011] City of Tshwane, City of Tshwane Integrated Transport Plan [Accessed 25 April 2011] City of New York Parks & Recreation, The High Line. [Accessed 10 June 2011] Dewar, David & Uytenbogaardt, Roelof. S South African Cities: A Manifesto for Change. Cape Town: Urban Problems Research Unit. Dumaik, M A super-small house achieves an ideal state of design integration. Architectural Record, 195(4): 53, April. Fairweather, L. & McConville, S Prison Architecture: Policy, Design and Experience. Oxford: Architectural Press Fox, Micheal. & Kemp, Miles Interactive Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. Friedman, Yona Pro Doma. Barcelona Freidman, Yona Towards a Scientific Architecture. Cambridge, Mass. Friedman, Mildred; ed Gehry Talks: Architecture + Process. New York: Universe Publishing. Goodale, B Crossfit Design: Maximizing Building Potential Across Broad Time And Modal Domains, PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, US Gregotti, Vittorio The Exercise of Detailing. In Theorizing a New Agenda for Architecture by Nesbitt, Kate. Princeton Architectural Press. New York, New York. Groák, Steven The idea of building: thought and action in the design and production of buildings. London. Habraken, N. J Supports: an alternative to mass housing. U.K: The Urban International Press. Hill, Jonathan The Use of Architects. Urban Studies. Feb, Vol. 38 Issue 2, pp Johnson, N. B Forms of Constraint: a History of prison architecture. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, US. Jones, J. Christopher Design Methods. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Keating, L Redeveloping Public Housing: Relearning Urban Renewal s Lessons. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(4), Kendall, Stephen An Open Building Strategy for Balancing Production Efficiency and Consumer Choice in Housing. Building Futures Institute. Ball State University. Kieran, Stephen. & Timberlake, James Refabricating Architecture. McGraw-Hill. New York. Kronenburg, Robert. and Inc ebrary Transportable environments. London ; New York: E & Fn Spon. Kronenburg, Robert Portable architecture. Architectural press new technology series. 2nd ed. Oxford ; Boston: Architectural Press. Kronenburg, Robert Portable architecture. Design and Technology. Berlin: The Architectural Press. Kronenburg, Robert Flexible : Architecture that responds to change. London: Laurence King. References 133

7 Le Corbusier Towards a New Architecture. The Architectural Press. London, England. Ley, S. & Richter, M Megastructure Reloaded. London: Laurence King. McGraw-Hill. New York. Redfern, P. A What Makes Gentrification Gentrification? Urban Studies, 40(12), Sadler, S Arhigram: Architecture without Architecture. London: The MIT Press References 134 Lobsinger, M. L Cedric Price. An Architecture of the Performance. Diadalos 74: Mendell, E Architecture Alive: Buildings that Evolve in Response to Changing Needs. PhD thesis, University of Cincinnati, US. Mutchler, M lean-architecture. PhD thesis, University of Cincinnati, US. Oosterhuis, Kas ia Interactive Architecture vol 1. Rotterdam, Episode Publishers. Parsley, C. M Anticipating Change: Integrating Off- Site Fabrication With Adaptable Design Strategies. PhD thesis, University of Cincinnati, US. Pearson, C. A James Corner Field Operations and Diller Scofidio + Renfro change our perspective on parks with the High Line. Architectural Record, 197(10): 86, October. Riana du Plessis Urban Planners & Gary White Architects and Urban Planners Integrated Compaction and Densification strategy for Pretoria West Residential Precinct. City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Scott, D. F Arhitecture or Techno-utopia. Politics after Modernism. London: The MIT Press Sheppard, R. 1946, Prefabrication in Building. The Architectural Press, London. Siegal, Jennifer More Mobile: Portable Architecture for Today. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. South Africa. Department of Correctional Services Annual Report. [Online] DCS%20Annual%20Report% pdf [Accessed 18 March 2011] Stark, F Power of Pretoria. In Pretoria one hundred years. Pretoria: Municipal Public Relations Bureau. Tayona, Nova Young Modern. Canadian Architect. v Travis, J. Solomon, A. L., Waul, M From prison to home: the dimensions and consequences of prisoner reentry. Washington, DC: Urban Inst. Zuk, William and Roger H. Clark Kinetic architecture. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Germinate. Architecture of Growth. A mixed-use development in Salvokop. Karl-Robert Gloeck MArch(Prof) UP 2011

Germinate. Architecture of Growth. A mixed-use development in Salvokop. Karl-Robert Gloeck MArch(Prof) UP 2011 Germinate A mixed-use development in Salvokop Architecture of Growth Karl-Robert Gloeck MArch(Prof) UP 2011 Architecture - Housing - South Africa - Sustainability - Community University of Pretoria Germinate