METROPOLITAN REGION BARCELONA

Transcription

1 METROPOLITAN REGION BARCELONA MONDAY 22 MARCH 2010 MARIANA STALLBOHM - architect and planner/researcher FPU

2 PLANNING PROFESSION IN SPAIN Planning as a profession does not exist in Spain Architect-led development process Limited training in planning as a discipline, and only at a post-graduate level 2

3 INTRODUCTION - SPAIN Population (2008) 46,157,822 inhabitants Surface area of Spain is 505,990 km 2 Density of 91 inhabitants/km 2 (cf. UK 250 inhab./km 2 ) Largest urban agglomerations include Madrid (5.64 mill.), Barcelona (4.83 mill.) Valencia (1.5 mill.) and Seville (1.24 mill.) 3

4 BACKGROUND

5 BACKGROUND

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7 Province of Barcelona 4.8 million people (16% have migrated in ) 4,700 sq km

8 Estructura de la metrópoli

9 1850 Barcelona road and rail Urban population increase Industry consolidation Lack of raw materials Lack of hygiene conditions 9

10 The 1st industrialization - Manchester català The need for reducing job workforce due to increased mechanization Transformations in the social organization of work 10

11 11

12 Rovira i Trias 12

13 Cerdà Plan Ildefons Cerdà i Sunyer ( ) was an engineer, planner, lawyer, economist and political 13

14 Approval - Eixample The expansion envisaged by the plan unfolded over a vast area that was free of buildings to be considered a strategic military area. Economy thought - the owner has the obligation to urbanize "Widening unlimited Carme Costa, 2007 El Pla Jaussely de Barcelona vs el Pla Burnham de Chicago 14

15 Down the walls the Barcelona City Council launched a competition to promote development of the city. Demolition of the walls specified that it should maintain the sea wall, Montjuïc Castle and Citadel The need to grow outside the walls was obvious - speculative effect involving the development of 1,100 acres. The city was not suitable for new civilization, characterized by the application of steam power in industry and improving mobility and communicability 15

16 SURVEY PLAN - Topographic URBAN INSTRUMENTATION THEORY OF URBANIZATION PLAN ORDINANCES 16

17 113,33 meters 20, 30, 60 meters width Max. height of 16 meters 17

18 1888 1st UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION IN BARCELONA 1st major international event in the city Affirmation of Eixample Modernism New centrality - Plaça Catalonia - Passeig de Gracia Catalan nationalism Economy Impulse in Industry and Commerce Catalonia within the European scenario 18

19 View of Barcelona Citadel City Park Domènech i Montaner Carme Costa, 2007 El Pla Jaussely de Barcelona vs el Pla Burnham de Chicago 19

20 Occurred at a time of economic depression Rafael Atché Vilaseca i Casanovas Revitalized in the construction sector and draw tourists Curiosity - Gustave Eiffel presented the draft after the Eiffel Tower that was built in

21 Jaussely Plan 1903 plan of links between the new municipalities 21

22 Carme Costa, 2007 El Pla Jaussely de Barcelona vs el Pla Burnham de Chicago 22

23 Carme Costa, 2007 El Pla Jaussely de Barcelona vs el Pla Burnham de Chicago 23

24 World Exposition Long and complex process already knew about the difficulties and the attractions of urban enhancement Montjuïc mountain Spain does not enter the war, that benefit their industry dictatorship of Primo de Rivera - stop of the work until

25 Over time leave the target of obsolete exposure Electrics industries, dealing with manufacturing, sports and art In the same way as in the 1st exposition modernism was declared, in the 2nd was the Noucentisme consequences: economic deficit New York crash 25

26 Puig i Cadafalch 26

27 Pavillon Mies Van der Rohe 27

28 Group of architects and technical for the Progress de Architecture Contemporary (GATPAC) Functional architecture, innovative and healthy but saw their expectations dashed in Spain to introduce what was discussed in the rest of Europe in the CIAM and the defenders of the modern movement due to civil war in

29 Sant Marti Montbau Sagrera Hospitalet massive housing workers internal immigration housing law 50 29

30 Suburb Casa Bloc Sert, Subirana i Torres 30

31 THE OLYMPIC GAMES 1992 Urban transformation Urban regeneration The Games were the main tool to catalyze and support the huge investments needed by the city to undertake a restructuring of many of its neighborhoods, correcting deficiencies in transport infrastructure and cultural facilities, and turn Barcelona into a globally recognized brand face to enhance the tourism industry. 31

32 Barcelona: La Villa Olímpica

33 Transformations in the hole city 33

34 Former industrial land prior to its redevelopment for the Olympic Village

35 Olympic Village 35

36 36

37 City Marketing Globalization International Architets Norman Foster (1992) Torre de telecomunicaciones de Collserola Frank O. Gehry 37

38 Rafael Moneo - Auditori Municipal Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Barcelona (MACBA) Richard Meier 38

39 Agbar - Jean Nouvel 39

40 Ciudad Judicial en Hospitalet - David Chipperfield 40

41 Forum - Herzog & de Meuron 41

42 Barcelona: El Fórum

43 Barcelona Metropolitan Region 43

44 BACKGROUND Mariana Stallbohm Spatial planning in Spain 44