Index. The Author(s) 2016 M. Wilhelm-Solomon et al. (eds.), Routes and Rites to the City, DOI /

Transcription

1 A accommodation, 70, 71, 77, 78, 92, 92n1, 147, 148, 201 homelessness, 91, 92, 107, 121, 129, 131, 133, 201, 220, 221, 249 housing, 47, 70, 147 9, 175, 185, 193, 196n3, 200, 219, 228, 242 administration, 33, 34, 46, 51, 54, 149, 228, 229, 245, 280 Adogame, Afe, 17, 205, 277 African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem, 18, 21, 215, 225 African Independent Churches, 21, 40n5, 201, 226n4, 244 African National Congress, 72n13, 226, 227, 299 Afrikaans, 4, 38, 62, 69, 123, 143 5, 147, 194 Alexandra, 8, 19, 21, , , 225, 229, 281 ancestors, 44, 47n1, 123, 124, 183, 185, 205, 232, 260 3, 268, 277, 313, 315 Anderson, Benedict, 141, 218 Angola, 70, 71 apartheid, 1 3, 5 10, 18, 19, 21, 31, 37, 38, 40 2, 47n8, 57 9, 69, 75, 99, 101, 104, 118, 119, 123 5, 133, 138, 147 9, 151, 153, 154, 158, 164, 165, , 186, 193, 196n3, 219, 224, 225, 227, 239, 240, 246, 247, 268, 269, 280 2, 295, 309, 311, 313, 315 Note: Page numbers with n denote notes. The Author(s) 2016 M. Wilhelm-Solomon et al. (eds.), Routes and Rites to the City, DOI /

2 320 apartheid (cont.) post-apartheid, 1 3, 6 10, 18, 21, 31, 38, 47n8, 58, 59, 118, 133, 138, 149, 154, 164, 165, , 224, 227, 239, 240, 247, 269, 280 2, 295, 309, 311, 315 Appadurai, Arjun, 11, 241 appropriation, 58, 63, 65, 67, 68, 125, 182, 223 assemblage, 9, 10, 12, 20 2, 24, 33 7, 43, 45, 50, 54 6, 59, , 224, 232, 234 6, 241, 269, 311 religious assemblage, 36, 59, 217 asylum seekers, 8, 77, 119, 175, 288 9, 316 Australia, 69 B belonging, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 21, 33, 35, 41, 43, 51, 59, 64, 67, 74, 78, 79, 82, 86, 87, 94, 120, 121, 124, 128, 140, 143, 146, 158, 173, 197, 198, 204, 221, 232, 235, 267, 274 7, 313 Biko, Steve, 226 black consciousness, 226, 246 Black Nationalism, 226 Black Theology, 246 bodily practices, 228 body, 3, 7, 18, 19, 24, 33, 35, 43, 49, 51, 59, 84, 85, 99, 123, 130, 165, 174, 227, 231, 234, 241, 246, 259, 274, 276 9, , 294 5, 298, 300 2, 311, 313 Bompani, Barbara, 8, 99, 102, 205, 310 Bourdieu, Pierre, 129, 142, 174 Brazil, 47, 53, 71, 232, 264, 316 Burchardt, Marian, 9, 13, 16, 34, 118, 120, 140, 198, 311 C Cape Town, 149, 230 capitalism, 3, 102, 133, 166, 227, 229, 230, 247, 255 Catholic, 192, 196 9, 211, 311, 312 Chidester, David, 10, 64, 65, 67, 216, 218, 223, 226, 227, 244, 246, 247 Christianity, 16, 24, 37, 42, 50, 54 7, 62, 71, 74, 78, 81, 85, 93, 98, 99, 102, 119, 121, 122, 124, 127, 128, 132 4, 145, 154, 169, 195, 197, 198, 201 3, 205, 208, 211, 220, 242, 244 5, 250, 277, 281. See also churches churches African Independent Churches, 21, 40n5, 201, 226n4, 244 African Initiated Churches (AICs), 40n5, 57, 192, 197, 201, 202, , 246, 277n1 Anglican, 5, 37, 46, 57, 69, 145, 196, 197, 200n5, 201, 204, 311 Apostolic, 5, 23, 35, 39, 42, 43, 46, 50, 51, 57, 69, 72, 195, 197, 198, 200, 200n5, 204, 207, 210, 239, 242, 245 9, 252, 254, 277n1

3 321 Baptist, 45, 69, 220, 245, 277n1, 311 Catholic, 5, 36, 39 42, 47, 50, 57, 69, 145, 211, 311, 312 Central Methodist Mission, 12, 19, 20, 91, 92, 101, 309, 316 Church of Nazaretha, 220, 245 Dutch Reformed Church, 69, 71, 131, 145, 219, 246, 247, 283, 284, 288 9, 297, 300 Ibandla lamanazaretha, 245 Izinyosi, 197, 200, 204, 206n8, 206n9, Masowe Apostles, 43 4, 245, 246, 249, 254, Methodist, 12, 19, 20, 23, 57, 69, 91, 92, 97, , 108, 112, 195, 201, 309, 316 Northern Church, 181, 182 Pentecostal, 18, 19, 21, 41, 49, 51, 52, 55, 55n12, 57, 62, 63, 68, 69, 71, 72, 77 9, 81, 82, 84 7, 119, 181, 192, 195 7, 198, 202 4, 206n8, , 246, 249, 311 Ray of Hope Refugee Ministry, 91 Revelation Church of God, 52 3, 240, 264, 266 (see also Prophet Radebe) Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, 36, 46 8, 50 2, 58, 71, 220, 224, 264 Yahweh Shammah Assembly, 77 Zion Christian Church, 5, 183, 247 Zionist, 5, 35, 50, 54, 69, 72, 197, 198, 200, 210, 216, 219, 239, 242, 245, 246, , 256, 257, 261, 264, 290n1 City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Muncipality, 267 civil society, 6, 119, 120, 134, 227 class, 3, 7, 9, 11, 16 19, 21, 22, 52, 59, 69, 71, 80, 96, 104, 106, 138, 143, 146, 147, 154 6, 165, , 178, 182 6, 197, 208, 218, 222, , 255, 267, 309 cleansing, 31, 36, 48, 54, 56, 72, 134, 205, 225, 249, 250, 254, 262, 263, 277 Comaroff, Jean, 5, 10, 44, 124, 244 Comaroff, John, 10, 124, 244 competition, 17, 78, 191, 192, 194, 196, 197, 211, 309 constructivism, 66 courts, 37, 98, 148 crime, 4, 42 4, 52, 71, 75, 93, 103, 105, 127, 165, 170, 172, 176, , 182, 259 criminality, 7, 169, 172, 174, 175, 177, 182 D De Boeck, Filip, 13, 22, 33, 273, 274 Deleuze, Gilles, 10, 12, 33, 35, 38, 169, 172, 216, 241n1 Democratic Republic of Congo, 3, 18, 52, 62 4, 70, 71, 77 81, 84, 86, 131, 219, 247, 283, 284, 288, 289, 297, 300 Department of Home Affairs, 295, 311 Home Affairs, 71 deportation, 9, 219, 259

4 322 devils, 133 diaspora, 73, 85, 137, 138, 148, 228, 235 diet, 228 dignity, 103, 111, 112 dirt, 20, 94 6, , 192, 199, 204 discipline, 218 diversity, 2 6, 8 10, 14 24, 33, 34, 36, 51, 57 9, 65, 70, 82, 86, 96, 118, 121n1, 137, , 144 6, 152, 154, 156, 158, 159, 191 2, 194 6, 210, 240 3, 248, 255, 263, 268, 269, 301, 307 9, ethnic diversity, 64, 65, 70, 75, 81, 84, 86, 120, 138, 140 3, 150, 151, 158, 218, 264, 269 intra-religious diversity, 140, 158 Douglas, Mary, 20, 65, 94, 95, 111 Durkheim, Émile, 10 11, 13, 15, 65, dwelling, 19, 79, 85, 277 E East Africa, 138, 157, 242 Eastern Cape, 97, 101, 123, East London, 154, 222 Egypt, 84, 139 Eliade, 65, 67 emotion, 82, 93, 94, 111, 166 8, 174, 176, 186, 235 emplacement, 9, 22, 48, 50, 68, 85, 166, 174, 186, 195, 211, 274, 277, 278 Engelke, Matthew, 39, 245, 246, 258 England, 69 epistemology, 100, 102 equality, 10, inequality, 3, 100, 101, 103, 133, 167, 168, 269, 309 ethnicity, 14, 64, 96, 191, 195, 280 evangelism, 42, 53, 54, 242, 244, 264 exclusion, 2, 3, 6, 54, 55, 85, 131, 151, 159, 197, 206, 221, 310, 312 F Facebook, 54, 229, 235, 311 Farmer, Paul, 100, 103, 106 Ford, Lewis, 143 French, 78, 142 G Garvey, Marcus, 226 gender, 16, 18, 38, 41, 43, 49, 51, 55, 55n12, 59, 139n1, 146, 221, 246, 254, 264, 269, globalisation, 9, 140, , 235 Global South, 3, 16, 17, 120, 121, 125, 126, 134, 309, 316 glossolalia, 85, 249 Govender, Gladys, 148 Group Areas Act, 40, 40n6, 138, 147, 148, 281 Guattari, Felix, 10, 12, 33, 35, 38, 169, 172, 216

5 323 H healing, 32, 32n1, 36, 39, 44, 53, 54, 56, 58, 85, 184, 204, 207, 241, 243, 247, 248, 250, 253, 255, 261, 266, 268, 269, 310, faith healers, 267, 268 healers, 36, 42, 55, 57, 72, 209, 240, 241, 243, 244, 249, 256, 267 8, inyangas, 32, 32n1, 51, 72 muthi, 36, 36n2 sangomas, 32, 32n1, 42, 51, 72, 209, 260, 264, 312 traditional healers, 36, 42, 55, 72, 209, 243, 244, 249, 267, 268, 312 health, 92, 231, 254, 257, 263, 266 8, 313, 314 Hinduism, 56, 140, 141, 144 6, 152 9, 277, 282 HIV/AIDS, 123, 204, 257, 262, 266, 268 antiretrovirals, 266 home, 18, 37, 41, 43, 48, 51, 52, 63, 65, 66, 69 71, 76, 79, 81, 82, 96, 108 9, 111, 121, 124, 125, 139, 141, 147, 148, 156, 158, 193, 195, 197, 200, 204, 206, , 220, 222, 232, 235, 256, 257, 262, 263, 267, 274 7, 279, 282, , , homosexuality, 50, 54, 220, 310, 312 homophobia, 221, 310, 312 I ideology, 99, 171, 176, 186, 217, 222, 224, 229, 230 imagination, 93, , 167, 218, 235 incarnation, 56, 241, 246, 254, 308 India, 4, 56, 138, 139, 144, , 152 8, 176, 177, 314 informal traders, 97, 144 insecurity, 44, 63, 85, 119, 165 7, 169, 171, 180, 198, 269 spiritual insecurity, 63 Ireland, 62, 69 Islam, 6, 18, 139, 140, , 154, 159, 277, Deobandi, 139, 150, 151 Hanafi, 150 madressa, 150, 151 mosques, 18, , 145, Muslim, 18, 20, 139, 141, 144 6, 149, 150, 153, 156 9, 277, Shafi, 139, 150 Sunni, 150, 151 Israel, 18, 21, 57, , 220, 226, J Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, 267 Johannesburg sites Alexandra, 8, 19, 21, , , 225, 229, 281 Bedfordview, 165, 170, 172, 175 7, 185 Berea, 70, 251, 260, 297 Brotherhood Tree,

6 324 Johannesburg sites (cont.) Crown Mines, 144 Florida, 228, 229 Fordsburg, 20, , 139n1, , God s Land, Hillbrow, 6, 8, 21, 52, 70, 77, 93, 117, , 132 4, 148, 170, 249, 251, 260, 297, 312 Hillbrow Clinic, 266 Joubert Park, 77, 218, 219, 221 5, 227, 228 Mayfair, 18, 20, 56, , 139n1, , 155, Newtown, 175, 244n2 Oriental Plaza, 139, 314 Park Station, 36, 40, 47, 108, 228 Ponte City, Pritchard Street, 91, 93n5, 98, 106 Roodepoort, 228, 229 Rosettenville, 48, 52, 61, 62, 64, 68 75, 77, 79, 83, 86, 87, 256, 257, 259 Sandton, 47, 47n8, 165, 170, 172, 173, 175, 177, 178, 180, 181, 183, 184 Smal Street Mall, 91, 92, 104, 105 Talmud Torah School, 71, 78 Turffontein, 68 University of Johannesburg, 251 University of the Witwatersrand, 3 Village Main, 32, 36, 38n4, 39, 42 5, 56, 258, 259 Wemmer Pan, 72, 259 Westgate, 228 Yeoville, 70, 170, 172, 249, 256, 260, 297 Judaism, 5, 18, 37, 52, 53, 62 4, 68, 69, 72 85, 87, 144, 145, 219, 282, 314 kippahs, 61, 76 minyan, 62, 74, 83 Rosh Hashanah, 74 Sabbath, 61, 62, 74 6, 83, 84, 218 Shabbat, 222, 228, 231, 234 synagogue, 5, 18, 37, 52 3, 61, 62, 62n1, 63, 68, 69, 71 87, 117, 138, 145 Torah, 62, 62n1, 72 3, 75, 83 5 Yom Kippur, 74 K Kairos document, 246 Khalili, Nader, 233 Kihato, Caroline Wanjiku, 7, 16, 71 KwaZulu-Natal, 40, 154, 185, 199, 200, L Landau, Loren, 7, 8, 71, , 125, 128, 140, 193 landscape, 20, 36, 38, 39, 43, 45, 50, 63, 64, 68 72, 86, 99, 127, 128, 133, 134, 138, 139, 143, 147, 159, 168, 248, 256, 309, 311, 314, 315 law, 72, 73, 84, 98, 103, 152, 230, 234, 287, 301, 310 by-laws, 98, 224, 224n2

7 325 Constitution, 200 Lefebvre, Henri, 10 12, 17, 140, 142, 155, 309 Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 65, 66 Levitt, Peggy, 34, 81 2, 85, 86, 217 liberation theology, 95, 100 Limpopo, 5, 200, 218, 233 Lingala, 78 M malevolent spirits, 241, 252, 253, 263 demon, 252 tokoloshe, 252 Malkki, Liisa, 95, 141 Mandela, Nelson, 219, 226, 227 Masedza, Shoniwa. See Masowe, Johane Masons, 74 Masonic Hall, 74 Masowe Apostles, 43 4, 245, 246, 249, 254, Masowe, Johane, 245 materiality, 11, 120, 133, 134, 247, 253 Mbembe, Achille, 7, 28, 164, 167, 170, 172, 175, 179, 188 memory, 7, 82, 141, 142, 158 migrant religions, 81 migration, 2, 3, 5 9, 11, 13, 14, 17 19, 34, 62, 64, 68 72, 78, 84, 85, 119, 140, 142, 148, 150, 158, 165, 166, 170 2, 174, 207, 217, 233, 235, 258, 268, 269, 275, 277, 282 6, 294, 307, military metaphors, soldiers, 222 mines, 32, 38 40, 38n1, 42 4, 46, 69, 72, 123, 144, 255 8, 275 mission, 217, 218, 242, 247 missionaries, 81, 85n7, 244 mobility, 1 4, 6, 8 10, 12, 14, 15, 17 24, 33, 34, 37, 38, 43, 58, 59, 68, 73, 79, 82 4, 86, 87, 138, 166, 173, 174, 179, 241, 248, , 262, 268, 276, 307, 315 social mobility, 19, 173, 241, 248 white flight, 47, 170, 172 morality, 2 4, 18, 20, 21, 33, 36, 44, 45, 49 51, 65, 102, 110, 111, 153, 165, 198, 220, 225, 241, 243, 248, 250, 253, 255, 264, 309, 312 motor industry, 123 Mozambique, 183, 276, 283, 285, 291, 292 Mukonyora, Isabel, 39, 43, 246, 258 music, 35, 97, 215, 220, 230 N National Party, 147 neoliberalism, 95, 227 Nigeria, 62, 70, 71, 78, 79, 81, 126, 239, 264, 291, 299 North West Province, 216 Nuttall, Sarah, 7, 28, 164, 167, 170, 172, 175, 179, 188 O Olupona, Jacob, 244, 246 ontology, 134, 279

8 326 orders, 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 18, 20 2, 33, 35, 38, 39, 41, 44, 45, 49 52, 57 9, 94 6, , , 120, 121, 123 3, 133, 134, 151, 165, 174, 177, 181, 186, 221, 241, 269, , 296, 298, 308, 314 moral orders, 2, 3, 18, 21, 33, 45, 49, 50, 102, 165, 241 P Pakistan, 139, 148, 151, 156, 157 Pan African Congress, 226 phantasmagoria, 182 place (concept), 9, 12, 13, 17, 20 2, 38, 41, 48, 50, 52, 62 8, 72, 82, 83, 85 6, , 156, 166, 174, 186, 193 5, 211, , 226, pneumatic, 84, 85 politics, 34, 36, 65, 67, 95, 96, 98 9, 101, 104, , 137, 138, 142, 167, 177, 194, 197, 217, 220, 222, 227, 229, 264, 269, 281, 309, 311, 316 pollution, 65, 95, 232, 234 Port Elizabeth, 123, 149, 222, 280 Portugal, 62, power, 11, 15, 34, 48n10, 57n13, 59, 67, 85, 99, 103n18, 112, 119, 138, 141 3, 145, 147, 150, 155, 159, 163, 165 8, , 186, 192, 193, 197, 201, 211, 226, 227, 242, , 253, 256, 266, 278 9, 283, 285, 302, 309, , 316 prayer, 23, 33, 39, 43, 48, 54, 57, 77, 78, 80, 81, 84, 97, 97n7, 130, 150, 152, 154, 157, 182, 203, 205, 207, 234, 248, 250 2, 254, 255, 258, 261 3, 266 production of space, 20, 140 3, 147, 158. See Lefebvre, Henri profane, 10 11, 20 2, 65, 67, 125 8, 133, 195 property, 36, 40, 42, 47, 67, 74, 172, 174, 179, 180, 183, 185, 194, 199, 201, 224, 248, 268, 309 prophetic theology. See prophets prophets, 19, 22, 37, 44, 52, 54, 63, 99, 100, 117, 118, 120, 124, 150, , 311, 313 Mzilani, Oyakhilome, Chris, 239 Radebe, Samuel, 52, 53, 240, 264 Shembe, Isaiah, 220, 223, 224, 245 Tshabalala, protection, 35, 56, 80, 82, 86, 183, 185, 250, 253, 254, 264, 265, 310, 311 R race, 3, 5 7, 14, 16 19, 40n6, 59, 70, 96, 98n10, 104, 143, 147, 148, 151, 163 5, 167, 168, 170 2, 176, 177, 179, 182, 186, 196, 197, 269, 275, 280 2, 301, 309 racial diversity, 19, 65, 138, 148

9 327 Rastafarianism, 221 refugees, 8, 71, 91, 92, 95, 98, 104 7, 137, 138, 175, 284, 288 9, 300 religious geography, 33, 37, 58, 64 religious leaders Alam, Peter, 145 Ammi, Ben, 215, 221, 226, 230, Bishop Ladi, Cynkin, Rael, 76 Dr. Krengel, 73, 75 6, 80, 83 Radebe, Samuel, 52, 53, 240, 264 (see also prophets) Reverend Hogana, 97 Shaul, Cohen, , , 223, 224, 226 9, 233, 236 Shembe, Isaiah (see prophets) Verryn, Paul, 92n1, 94, , 100n13, 101 6, 108, , 316 ritual, 10, 11, 18, 20, 21, 32, 34, 36, 42, 43, 49, 50, 54, 63, 66, 67, 72, 83, 85, 120, 126, 131, 132, 134, 150, 152 4, 156, 163, 165, 166, 168, 169, 171, 181, 183, 184, 186, 195, 205, 218, 234 6, , 253 5, 257, 259, 261, 263, 265, 266, 269, 277, 285, 291, 300, 314, 315 Rwanda, 131, 219 S Sabbath, 44, 61, 62, 74 6, 83, 84, 218 SACC. See South African Council of Churches (SACC) sacred sacralisation, 67 sacred space, 21, 43, 62, 64 8, 72, 82, 83, 85, 86, 93, 127, 128, 218, 223 5, 229, 232 4, 236, 308 secular, 66, 95, 96, 133, 134, 224, 231, 280 secularism, 126 securitization, 18, 59, 166 8, 174, 186 security, 7, 11, 18, 21, 39, 42, 55, 101, 125, 130, 165, , 173 5, , 182 4, 200, 223, 232, 260, 261, 289, 298, 314 spiritual security, 223, 232 Selepe, 218, Simone, AbdouMaliq, 3, 7, 10, 12, 28, 34, 165, 170, 189 situational perspective, 66 8, 86 slave trade, 225 Sobukwe, Robert, 226 social networks, 70, 71, 221, 223, 228 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, 243 sociology of religion, 141 soldiers, 54, 84, 222 Somalia, 18, 139, 152 Somalis, 151 sonic, 248 sound, 2, 20, 33, 35, 44, 49, 54, 106, 192, 197, 204, 206, 209, 210, 299, 308

10 328 South African Council of Churches (SACC), 99, 311 South African state, 288 Department of Social Development, 108, 267 South Asia, 118, , 315 Soweto, 5, 38n4, 48, 53, 70, 173, 200n5, 206, 206n9, 219, 222, 246, 281, 291, 312 space (concept), 1 24, 33 45, 49 51, 54 9, 62 8, 82 7, 93 6, 99, 106 7, 112, , 128 9, 134, , 157 9, , 180 2, 186, 191 7, , , 235 6, , , , 300 1, spirits, 44, 46, 53, 102, 109, 122, 198, 205, 243, 245, 246, 252, 253, 255, 257, 263, 274, 279, 300, 308, 313, 314 angels, 241 malevolent spirits, 241, 252, 253, 263 Sri Lanka, 148 stress, 50, 100, 184, 231, 234, 264, 269, 289, 298 suburban, 21, 23, 36, 40, 138, , 166n3, 178, 179, 181, 183 6, 228, 309 suburbanism, 18, 21, Sundkler, Bengt, 5, 10, 44, 244, 245 Swahili, 78 synagogue, 5, 18, 37, 52, 53, 117, 138, 145 T Taylor, Charles, 95, 98n10 teaching, 100n13, 150, 152, 182, 242, 245, 258 territorialisation deterritorialisation, 13, reterritorialization, 217 territory, 13, 35, 37, 38, 42 4, 48, 49, 51, 54, 56, 58, 73, 83, 182, theatre, 221 transnationalism, 34, 141 transnational network, 85n7, 221, 229, 232, 235 travelling faiths, 81, 82 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 247 Tuan, Yi-Fu, 20, 82, 93 5, 111, 112 U Umtata, 221 United Kingdom, 9, 69, 152 United States, 53, 69, 182, 215, 216, 219, 221, 225n3, 226, 232, 235 urban regeneration, 7, 8, 11, 102 V Vertovec, Steven, 2, 14 15, 19, 121n1, 137, 140, 141, 158 Village of Peace, 216, 230, W Wales, 69 Weber, Max, 10, 15, 240, 242

11 329 Werbner, Richard, 39, 247 West Africa, 70, 121, 124, 127 white flight, 47n8, 170, 172 World Class African City, 105, 167 Z Zimbabwe Filabusi, 260 Insiza District, 251 Matebeleland, 260 Plumtree, 255