TOWARDS A PRO-ACTIVE MANIFESTO EDITED BY MOSÉ RICCI JÖRG SCHRÖDER

Transcription

1 TOWARDS A PRO-ACTIVE MANIFESTO EDITED BY MOSÉ RICCI JÖRG SCHRÖDER 8

2 Edited by Mosé Ricci and Jörg Schröder Contents curators: Sara Favargiotti, Chiara Olivastri Peer reviewers: Mauro Berta, Maurizio Carta, Michelangelo Russo Progetto grafico di Sara Marini e Vincenza Santangelo Copyright MMXVI ARACNE editrice S.r.l. and the editors Texts by kind permission of the authors. Pictures by kind permission of the photographers/holders of the picture rigths. All rights reserved. info@aracneeditrice.it via Raffaele Garofalo, 133/A B Roma (06) ISBN I diritti di traduzione, di memorizzazione elettronica, di riproduzione e di adattamento anche parziale, con qualsiasi mezzo, sono riservati per tutti i Paesi. Non sono assolutamente consentite le fotocopie senza il permesso scritto dell Editore. I edizione: gennaio

3 PRIN 2013/2016 PROGETTI DI RICERCA DI INTERESSE NAZIONALE Research Units Università degli Studi di Genova Leibniz Universität Hannover DAAD Hochschuldialog mit Südeuropa gefördert durch den Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienst finanziert aus Mitteln des Auswärtigen Amtes (AA)

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5 INDEX FOREWORD Towards a Pro-Active Manifesto Mosé Ricci, Jörg Schröder Politic of Beauty Stefano Bernini The Recyle GOA Pro-Active Manifesto Mosé Ricci RE-CYCLE GENERATES NEW BEAUTY AND NEW VALUES New Beauty Alberto Bertagna Core Values For Re-Cycle Social Innovators Raffaella Fagnoni 3 Decalogues For A New Informational Era Manuel Gausa RE-CYCLE IS AN ONGOING CHALLENGE FOR THE INNOVATION The RE-Époque Sara Favargiotti The Partici-Passion To The Event. An Ethnography of the Superelevata Event Federico Boni Genoa and Hannover: Urban Pioneers, Common Grounds Emanuele Sommariva Neglected Modernism. Beyond The Sassi Ettore Vadini, Gaia Vicentelli

6 0.3 RE-CYCLE IS A CREATIVE AND REVERSIBLE PROCESS Ordinary Voids. Special Openings Jeannette Sordi Switch On The Urban Void Giulia Garbarini Re-use Modern. Re-form Matera Mariavaleria Mininni, Cristina Dicillo RE-CYCLE IS A SHARED PROJECT AGAINST THE CRISIS To Inhabit Is To Design Silvia Pericu Re-Condensed Values Elisa Angella Pop-Up Events. From Vision To Action Giulia Giglio Research On Field. Survey And Imagination Maddalena Ferretti RE-CYCLE IS A POLITICAL ACTION THAT ANTICIPATES THE FUTURE Beyond the Sopraelevata. About Continuous Recycling Luca Mazzari Urban Injections Chiara Olivastri Placemaking Along São Paulo S Highways Sarah Hartmann TOWARDS Urban Initials Jörg Schröder

7 HANNOVER genova network GENOA recycle italy international workshop VENICE re-cycle research coordinator EMILIA ROMAGNA re-cycle italy law proposal for planning BARCELLONA ROME re-cycle italy final exhibition and symposium NAPOLI recycle italy international workshop MATERA PALERMO recycle italy international workshop Recycle Genoa Network

8 SUPERLEVATA FOOT[PRINTS] 1. See you(rself) Matteo Pendenza, Giovanna Zampagni 2. City, reflections of stories G&S Green & Sustainable 3.Take a Brake! UdR IUAV 4. Dark Room CLAB 5. Untaken Spaces UTC+1@EViDEnte 6. New Urban Spaces UTC+1@EViDEnte 7. Eco Barter Lantlos 8. Recycle Mandala Officina5 Achitetti Associati 9. Recycle Machine Associazione Culturale Emsteludanza 10. Genova Beyond a Nonexistent Mobility Alternative Burrasca 11. BioReactor GR.IN_LAB 12. Keep Them For Me / Throw Them To Me Giardini "Poggi"

9 13. Imballo di Idee Giulia Cavallari, Andrea Aragone 14. Tracce UNOAUNO_spazioArchitettura 15. Zolla UNOAUNO_spazioArchitettura 16. Ricicloverino Il sentiero del Movimento Ragazzi 17. "Pink Ribbon": Breast Cancer Awareness Campaign LILT Genova 18. Painting Under The Sopraelevata_Drawing The Street Francesca Marina, Silvia Sangriso 19. Draughts' Time Under The Sopraelevata Francesca Marina, Silvia Sangriso 20. In&Out_The Recycled House Associazione Palazzo Verde, Francesca Marina, Silvia Sangriso 21. [IN]Urban Analysis Laura Arrighi, Giovanni Carli 22. Asfalto, Goghin gogò UdR Ascoli Piceno/Camerino 23. Grey to Green UdR Reggio Calabria 24. Asphalte à Dessiner UdR Trento

10 25. Superviewpoint UdR POLITO 26. Beautiful, useful, smart Manager on bicycle ,2 N ,6 E UdR Napoli 28. Un-licensed Territory UdR Pescara 29. Half of 8 UdR Roma 30. The Fab City UdR Palermo 31. Genoa Re-cycle Footprint UdR Genova 32. Recycle mobility Tomaso Martino, Linda Pierozzi, Fabio Torterolo 33. P.P-P. 4.2 / plastic play-pen 4.2 Olivia GIovannini

11 VAR VARCO CALATA GRAZIE A Calata BOCCARDO VARCO PORTO ANTICO D Calata GADDA 1. Genova Città, riflessi di storie 3. Bella, Utile, Intelligente 4. RGB 5. Asphalte à dessiner (UNITN) 6. Zolla 7. Tracce 8. Bio_reactor 9. Superviewpoint (UNITO) 10. ri_vediamoci meglio 11. Asfalto, Goghin gogò (UNICAM) 12. [in]urban analysis 13. La quà 14. Nastro Rosa 15. Recycle Machine 16. Grey to Green (UNIRC) 17. Eco barter 18. Imballo di idee '39,2''N,14 04'19,6''E (UNINA) 20. Tienimele Tiramele 21. Recycle Mandala 22. Territori non omologati (UNICH) 23. Nuovi spazi urbani 24. Take a brake! (IUAV) 25. Ricicloverino 26. Camera oscura 27. Uga 28. Painting under the Sopraelevata 29. Draught's time under the Sopraeevata Recycle Genova 33. Palazzo Verde 34.Lametà di 8 (UNIROMA) 35. Segway SUPERELEVATA [FOOTPRINTS] RECYCLERS

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13 A view from the Pegli Bench, Pegli Park, Genoa Ph: Sara Favargiotti,

14 THE RE-ÉPOQUE Sara Favargiotti > University of Genoa Rehabilitate, rebuild, recalibrate, reclaim, recover, recycle, regenerate, reinvent, remake, remediate, repair, restore and reuse are some of the most significant RE-key words 1 used in projects, researches and even exhibitions during the last decade. In 2006 during the Venice Architecture Biennale, directed by Richard Burdett, the German pavilion exhibited the Convertible City. Modes of Densification and Dissolving Boundaries, which presented architectural interventions on existing buildings and the idea of a city that grows on itself. The German research claims that the city must be re-stabilized and regenerated to mirror its lively and complex society. The economic context changes the social and cultural framework but it also brings into the foreground specific conditions in the construction of cities and territories, put aside for a long time, but that may return to importance. The exhibition Vacant NL for the 2010 Venice Architecture Biennale (directed by Kazuyo Sejima) showed thousands of buildings that remained unoccupied in The Netherlands. The installation aimed to highlight the potential of temporarily vacant government space for use by creative enterprises. The existing buildings were considered to be matter which could be transformed and through which the idea of the city could be renewed. This was also one of the main aims of the exhibition RE-CYCLE. 59

15 Strategies for Architecture, City and Planet, held at the MAXXI Museum in Rome and curated by Pippo Ciorra with Mosè Ricci, Paola Viganò, Sara Marini, Reinier De Graaf, Jean Philippe Vassal. The topic of recycling was addressed through a transversal and interdisciplinary approach: it was not viewed simply in its better-known role of re-using discarded materials, but as a strategy in a wider sense. Again in 2012, at the Venice Architecture Biennale (directed by David Chipperfield), the German Pavilion highlighted the changing urban transformation processes and recovery of existing buildings. The German contribution Reduce/Reuse/Recycle claimed a successful shift in value from waste to reusable material. The three terms - reuse, reduce, recycle - describe a waste hierarchy that gives the highest priority to the most efficient strategies of minimization: avoidance comes first, followed by direct reuse and, finally, recycling which changes the properties of the material. This same logic may be applied in setting up a new value system to address existing buildings: the fewer changes that are made and the less energy used, the better the process. 2 However, one thing is to speak about "re-use", while another is to speak about "re-cycle". Re-use refers to operations at the medium scale and is based on reprogramming the uses rather than on refurbishing the building or infrastructure. Recycle is a process that transforms the original material by adding proprieties not related to the original use. Recycle works on existing structures and territories from open perspectives and covers issues with wide contents such as hybridization and integration, always aiming to confront the old and new through the merging of mixed uses, epochs, attitudes and technical solutions. Infrastructure Recycle The recycle process is linked to the need for recovery of the obsolete heritage, the land preservation through the reduction of land use, the redevelopment of abandoned areas and, particularly, obsolete infrastructures. Infrastructure gives life to cities. Infrastructures sustain cites. But what happens when an infrastructure ends its life, becoming obsolete? They become an incredible burden for cities. Also, the European directives 3 indicate that it is an absolutely necessary to interrupt the connection between increased mobility and economic growth, even to prevent the excess of construction of useless structures. That s why several projects and researches start to highlight the challenges to recycle 60

16 The High Line, New York. Photo by Sara Favargiotti, 2013 abandoned and obsolete infrastructures in search of a new identity: the recycling of obsolete infrastructure to optimize their potential becomes the most sustainable and desirable solution. Two manifesto projects of the recycle process are the High Line in New York and the Trento Tunnels in Trento. These projects, more that others, became icons for the reinvention of infrastructure s significance and identity in the urban fabric. In fact, these recycled infrastructures reinterpret surfaces, buildings, and fragments of former transport infrastructures, converting them into public places with pedestrian and cultural uses. The High Line 4 is a new 1.5-mile long public park built on an abandoned elevated railway stretching from the Meatpacking District to the Hudson Rail Yards in Manhattan. In 1980 the last trains ran on the High Line. For almost twenty years a group of property owners lobbied for demolition of 61

17 the entire structure until 1999 when Friends of the High Line was founded by Joshua David and Robert Hammond, residents of the High Line neighborhood, to advocate for the High Line s preservation, transformation and reuse as public open space. In 2002, the City of New York advocated for a recycle project with the Federal Surface Transportation Board for rail-banking, making it City policy to preserve and reuse the High Line. The project began in 2006, with the three sequential phases ( ). The High Line Park is meant to offer an urban promenade, a bucolic space floating nine meters in the air with Hudson River views. Inspired by this post-industrial ruin, the new park interprets its inheritance, translating the biodiversity in a string of site-specific urban microclimates along the stretch of railway that includes sunny, shady, wet, dry, windy and sheltered spaces. 5 Yet it retained many elements of its past, such as the rails that have been restored in the park to cultivate wild grasses or allocate sliding benches. Much of the designers work has been devoted to seeking a balance between preserving the romance of the ruin and creating a fresh green corridor for pedestrians, through a strategy of agritecture: part agriculture and part architecture. The project wants to teach that gardens can be born in an asphalt crib generating a peaceful place to escape from the frenetic energy of the city streets. The park generates alternating moments of varied character to be discovered: wild nature next to cultivated areas, intimate areas and social spaces. The High Line process has spurred real estate development in the neighborhoods that lie along the line. 6 Condominiums, hotels and office buildings designed by international architectural firms like Jean Nouvel, Annabelle Selldorf, Renzo Piano, and Della Valle Bernheimer are growing along the park s span. This project «reveals the extent that recycling projects can be attractive and glamorous as well as contagious. In other words, they are capable of generating effects of emulation and reproduction inducing requalification and new economies on the side». 7 In 2010, the Trento Tunnels 8 are an experiment in the recovery of an abandoned industrial site, in the reinvention of the history museum, and in the animation of historical archives. 9 The tunnels were built in 1974 splitting the ancient neighborhood of Piedicastello in two and during their first life they had an average estimated daily traffic of 30,000 vehicles. Abandoned in 2007, in less than one year the two former highway tunnels were 62

18 TheTrento Tunnels, Trento. Photo by Sara Favargiotti, 2013 converted into a history exhibition gallery: their second life has become.10 Like Diller and Scofidio s NYC High Line, the Trento Tunnels reinvent a fragment of transportation infrastructure, converting it from vehicular traffic to pedestrian use. Also, like the High Line, they accompany this shift from passengers to perambulators with a program of city gardens. Unlike their High Line counterpart, however, the Trento Tunnel gardens serve as geo-spatial boundary markers.11 In fact, the Tunnels frame this shift with city gardens that transfigure the tunnels into symbols of a region that serves as a conduit between the Mediterranean South and the Germanic North. More than a museum, it is a space for memory in which is possible to reinterpret the sense of place. «To enter them is to travel in time through the twentieth century. To see the light at their end is to espy the seam where a territory s past meets its future».12 The project aims at urban reclamation: it merges recycling, restoration and renewal. «When 63

19 the twin tunnels in Trento were replaced by a new passage further west, so as to avoid bisecting an old nucleus of the town, the sudden appearance of empty passages through the mountain took on a calamitous presence. Remedying a planning mistake that dates back to a period of public infatuation with automotive travel left a gash in the landscape. What to do with a monumental piece of obsolete infrastructure? Instead of pretending that the tunnels were now useless, consigning them to some ignoble purpose such as municipal storage for cumbersome equipment, the provincial government and the historical museum of Trentino sought to return them to the community as a site of its own history and as theatre for its sense of self. At the time of this curatorial decision, the eye of an architect proved to be decisive, for the new destination of the tunnels changed their nature even before a single shovelful of earth was moved». 13 We are living a time of reflection and reuse of what has already been produced. The RE-Époque has begun: it is not only a vogue of the beginning of the twenty-first century. It is a real change of mind and attitudes. Several superimposed crisis - financial, political and environmental - brought a higher sensibility to climate and social changes and even a change of paradigms in the dynamics of urban transformation. Design projects and theory turned towards environmental, efficiency, cost or energy saving factors, aiming to recycle existing buildings and infrastructures with an attitude of understanding and reclaiming what we have hyper-produced. 64

20 1. Javier Mozaz defines these operations as Re-processes whose aim is to intervene on the world that is already built. Javier Mozas, Remediate, Reuse, Recycle. Re-processes as atonement. In: Reclaim. Remediate, Reuse, Recycle, a+t architecture publishers, issue 39-40, 2012, p Rosenfield, Karissa. Venice Biennale 2012: Reduce/Reuse/Recycle / German Pavilion. In: ArchDaily, August 27, The European Transport Policy for 2010, COM(2001) 370. Reviewed in 2006 by the Council Commission Communication and the European Parliament. 4. The High Line green promenade was designed by James Corner Field Operations as landscape architects with Diller Scofidio + Renfro, Piet Oudolf and Buro Happold, together with Friends of the High Line. It was approved in 2002 and work was begun in It is owned by the City of New York, and maintained and operated by Friends of the High Line. 5. Ciorra P., Marini S. (eds.), Recycle. Strategies for Architecture, City and Planet, Electa, Milano, 2011, p Gregor, Alison, As a Park Runs Above, Deals Stir Below. In: The New York Times, August 10, Ricci M., New Paradigms: Reducing Reusing Recycling in the City (and the Landscapes). In: Ciorra P., Marini S. (eds.), Recycle. Strategies for Architecture, City and Planet, Electa, Milano, 2011, p The Trento Tunnels project started in 2008 carried out by a multidisciplinary team made up of Studio Terragni Architetti (CUNY), Stanford Humanities Lab (Stanford), FilmWork (Trento), and Gruppe Gut (Bolzano), under the aegis of Fondazione Museo Storico del Trentino and the regional authorities. 9. As presented in the symposium entitled Next Stop on the High Line: The Trento Tunnel Project, Trento, The Trento Tunnels were reopened on August 19th, 2008 with a celebration for the public. More than 3,000 people attended the inauguration. 11. Studio Terragni Architetti, The Trento Tunnels Cultural Space. In: Phaidon Atlas. 12. Ciorra P., Marini S. (eds.), Recycle. Strategies for Architecture, City and Planet, Electa, Milano, 2011, p Kurt W. Forster. The light at the end In: Tunnel REvision, Book of 12th International Architecture Exhibition Venezia, 2010, p

21 Finito di stampare nel mese di gennaio del 2016 dalla tipografia «la Cromografica S.r.l.» Roma via Tiburtina, 912 per conto della «Aracne editrice int.le S.r.l.» di Ariccia (RM)