The following handbook of information relating to the Malaysian construction industry has been compiled by:

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2 The following handbook of information relating to the Malaysian construction industry has been compiled by: Langdon & Seah Sdn Bhd in collaboration with Juru Ukur Bahan Malaysia, JUBM Sdn Bhd & Arcadis Projeks Sdn Bhd Level 5, Menara TSR 12 Jalan PJU 7/3, Mutiara Damansara Petaling Jaya Selangor Telephone : (6 03) / Fax : (6 03) info@my.langdonseah.com Website : Langdon & Seah Sdn Bhd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or copied in any form without prior written permission from Langdon & Seah Sdn Bhd. The information contained herein should be regarded as indicative and for general guidance only. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, no responsibility can be accepted for errors and omissions, however caused. Unless otherwise stated, costs reflected in this handbook are Malaysian costs at 4th Quarter Langdon & Seah Sdn Bhd (520443H) Juru Ukur Bahan Malaysia JUBM Sdn Bhd (27638X) Arcadis Projeks Sdn Bhd (233819K) KDN : PP10466/05/2013 (032500) For private circulation to staff and business associates only. Printed: February 2015 by Spiral Ecoprint Sdn Bhd (KDN: PQ1780/4606) No.44, Jalan PBS 14/11, Taman Perindustrian Bukit Serdang, Seri Kembangan, Selangor Darul Ehsan 1

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Table of Contents 2 About Us 4 Calendars CONSTRUCTION COST DATA Construction Cost Specification 14 Kuala Lumpur Construction Cost Trend 16 Construction Costs for Kuala Lumpur 18 Construction Costs for Johor Bahru 20 Construction Costs for Penang 22 Construction Costs for Kota Kinabalu 24 Construction Costs for Kuching 26 Construction Costs for Selected Asian Cities 28 Major Rates for Malaysia 34 Major Rates for Selected Asian Cities 36 ACMV Costs for Various Designs & Developments in Kuala Lumpur 42 M&E Costs for Selected Asian Cities 44 Unit Costs for Ancillary Facilities for Kuala Lumpur 50 FitOut Costs for Kuala Lumpur GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA JUBM Langdon & Seah Building Works Composite Tender Price Index (BWCTPI) 54 JKR Tender Price Index 55 Value of Construction Work Done 56 Performance of Construction Sector 57 Estimating Rules of Thumb 58 Technical Specifications 60 Average Unit Prices 62 Unit Price Index 64 Construction Sector Indicators 65 Commodities Price Trend (Jan to Dec 2014) 66 Malaysia Construction Sector Employment & GDP 68 Progress Payments PROPERTY Residential 72 Hotel 74 Office 76 Shopping Complex 78 Shop 80 Industrial 81 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS

4 Page No. 4. FINANCIAL Financial Definitions & Formulae 84 Mortgage Repayment Table 85 Malaysia Balance of Trade 86 Consumer Price Index 87 Prime Rates & Base Lending Rates 88 Interest Rates : Banking Institutions 89 Currency Chart 90 Exchange Rates OTHER INFORMATION Utility Costs for Selected Asian Cities 94 Weight & Measures 96 Conversion Guide 98 Public Holidays 100 Directory of Offices 106 Telephone Directory (Malaysia) 115 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

5 ABOUT US CHINA HONG KONG KOREA INDIA THAILAND MALAYSIA SINGAPORE MACAU VIETNAM PHILIPPINES BRUNEI INDONESIA Langdon & Seah Sdn Bhd is one of the largest and longest established Quantity Surveying practices in the country. Established in 1947 and involved in many major projects implemented since independence, Langdon & Seah is recognized as a market leading construction specialist with an extensive cost database. Langdon & Seah is affiliated with collaborative partners, JUBM Sdn Bhd and Juru Ukur Bahan Malaysia, together forming the Langdon Seah JUBM group, which offers a multidisciplinary construction cost consultancy service and provides integrated solutions to its clientele. The Langdon Seah JUBM group employs more than 330 professional staff throughout Malaysia working from five offices in Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Johor Bahru, Kota Kinabalu and Kuching. Langdon & Seah Sdn Bhd is also a member of the Langdon & Seah Group, a regional, independent, multidisciplinary construction consultancy with resources of more than 3,400 staff based in 44 offices located across Asia. For over 60 years, the Langdon Seah JUBM group has been proactively providing worldclass construction consulting services for all types of buildings and infrastructure projects and developing our competencies further in project management, legal support and management consultancy services. The Langdon Seah JUBM group is also an affiliate of Arcadis NV, an international company providing consultancy, design, engineering and management services in the fields of Infrastructure, Water, Environment and Buildings operating in more than 330 offices across 40 countries worldwide. 4 ABOUT US

6 Our People The Langdon Seah JUBM group s pride however will always be in its greatest asset: its people. We have a dedicated staff resource of 330 (as at December 2014) forming the backbone of our client focused service delivery. We ensure a high level of professional services by instilling and encouraging a culture of continuous learning and professional development for all staff, regardless of their roles and positions in the company. As such, we developed a structured and comprehensive framework of training in both technical as well as soft skills; providing sponsorship and allowing time off for Continuous Professional Development (CPD) training for professional progress. We believe in our people and they reciprocate by delivering successful solutions for our clients. Integrity At Langdon Seah JUBM group, integrity is an important core value of our practice. Integrity refers to the high ethical standards we apply in the execution of our daily business processes and activities, our relationship with clients, business partners and employees, and our involvement with the public, the government bodies and all her agencies as well as the laws of the country. In line with our affiliation with ARCADIS NV, we thus implement as part of our company policy the ARCADIS General Business Principles (AGBP) in the development and implementation of our commitment to integrity. The AGBP guides our business decisions and actions throughout all management levels and applies equally to company actions and to individual behaviour of all our employees in conducting our business. The AGBP is available for viewing at (Cont d) ABOUT US 5

7 MALAYSIA ABOUT US (Cont d) International Standards ACCREDITED CERTIFICATION BODY Quality Management System MS ISO/IEC GUIDE 62:1999 QS CB 01 Certified to ISO 9001 : 2008 Cert. No. : AR0595 / AR0598 / AR0599 The Langdon Seah JUBM group consistently pushes its levels of professional services to higher level by implementing a Quality Management System based on the ISO 9001 International Standards. The company received accreditation from the Standard & Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) in May 1995; the first Quantity Surveying consultancy to successfully attain certification. Our Quality Management System ensures high standards of service performance, improved productivity and efficiency, increased competitive advantage and high levels of confidence in our capabilities by our clients. We have since upgraded the Quality Management System to the new MS ISO 9001:2008 Standards and will continue to improve so as to achieve our vision of being the first point of reference for our clients. Environmental Management System The Langdon Seah JUBM group is committed in reducing the impact on the environment, as well as health and safety of its staff and community insofar as possible in all areas where the company is involved in. As such, we continue to enhance our Environmental, Health & Safety Policy on all aspects of our business which impacts on the environment, health and safety as well as conforming to the relevant laws in the country. We strive to continually apply and implement the best available techniques and methodologies under the EHS Policy to achieve clearly quantifiable and practical objectives of the company. Forming the core of our EHS Policy is the ISO Environmental Management System; another industry first for Langdon Seah JUBM group, achieved on February ABOUT US

8 Our Projects As the leading cost construction consultancy in the country, Langdon & Seah has been involved with a long list of major construction projects since its setting up more than 60 years ago. Langdon Seah JUBM group provides its services to nearly all market segments in the construction industry from religious buildings to residential homes, hospitality to corporate headquarters, mixed use developments to master planning. The diverse range of project experience provides Langdon Seah JUBM group with a rich and extensive construction cost database. This enables the company to handle the simplest to the most complex projects entrusted by clients who recognize our value and dynamism. Mixed Development (Commercial, Retail & Residential) Kuala Lumpur Pavilion 2008 Hilton Hotel & Le Meridien Hotel, Kuala Lumpur 2004 Damansara City 2, Kuala Lumpur 2016 Imperia Puteri Harbour, Johor 2014 Kuala Lumpur Sentral Station 2001 (Cont d) ABOUT US 7

9 ABOUT US (Cont d) A Selection of Our Projects 1 Commercial Menara Telekom, Kuala Lumpur 2002 CIMB New Headquarters Kuala Lumpur 2011 PJ8, Office Block & Serviced Apartment, Selangor 2009 Menara Maybank, Kuala Lumpur Retail 5. Avenue K, Kuala Lumpur Alamanda, Putrajaya KLP Fashion Avenue, Kuala Lumpur Sunway Pyramid (Phase 2), Selangor Louis Vuitton, Kuala Lumpur Residential 10. Iringan Hijau, Kuala Lumpur The Pearl Stonor, Kuala Lumpur Hampshire Condominiums, Kuala Lumpur Seri Hening Residence, Kuala Lumpur Palazzio Sunway Condominiums, Kuala Lumpur The Plaza Condominiums, Kuala Lumpur 2007 Source: TR Hamzah & Yeang Sdn Bhd 16. Sri Bukit Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur Hospitality, Sports & Leisure 17. Legoland Malaysia, Johor Belum Rainforest Resort (Phase 1), Pulau Banding Auditorium & Experimental Theatre, Putrajaya 2005 Sunway Lagoon Resort Hotel, Selangor 1996 Penang Indoor Stadium & Aquatic Centre 1997 Equestrian Park, Putrajaya ABOUT US

10 (Cont d) ABOUT US 9

11 ABOUT US (Cont d) A Selection of Our Projects (Cont d) 35 Private Healthcare 23. Kajang Specialist Centre, Selangor Sunway Medical Centre, Selangor 1998 Private Educational 25. Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak Sunway Monash University, Selangor Lim Kok Wing University, Selangor Source: 26 Transport & Infrastructure 28. Electrified Double TrackPadang Besar to Ipoh (Station Building) Stations for Kelana Jaya LRT Line Extension, Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Sentral Station Kompleks Bunga Raya, KLIA Integrated Water Supply, Kuala Lumpur Industrial 33. PML Production Facility, Selangor Giant Distribution Centre (Sepang), Selangor Star Publications Office & Newspaper Printing Factory, Selangor Perodua Second National Car Plant, Selangor Source: 37 Religious Buildings 37. Masjid Besar Sandakan, Sabah Lutheran Bible Training Institute, Selangor 2010 Public 39. Johor State Assembly Building, Johor Ministry of Education Teacher s Quarters, Malaysia Bangunan UMNO (Pekan), Pahang Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) Annexe of Canadian High Commission, Kuala Lumpur Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya IBS Housing, Putrajaya ABOUT US

12 ABOUT US 11

13 CALENDARS CALENDARS 2015 S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S JAN FEB MAR S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S APR MAY JUN S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S JUL AUG 20 21SEP S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S OCT NOV DEC S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S JAN FEB MAR S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S APR MAY JUN S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S JUL AUG SEP S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S OCT NOV DEC CALENDARS

14 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 1 Construction Cost Specification Kuala Lumpur Construction Cost Trend Construction Costs for Kuala Lumpur Construction Costs for Johor Bahru Construction Costs for Penang Construction Costs for Kota Kinabalu Construction Costs for Kuching Construction Costs for Selected Asian Cities Major Rates for Malaysia Major Rates for Selected Asian Cities ACMV Costs for Various Designs & Developments in Kuala Lumpur M&E Costs for Selected Asian Cities Unit Costs for Ancillary Facilities for Kuala Lumpur FitOut Costs for Kuala Lumpur

15 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 1. CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COST SPECIFICATION Apartment, high rise, average standard Apartment, high rise, high end Terraced houses, average standard Detached houses, high end BUILDING TYPE OUTLINE SPECIFICATION Medium/high rise offices, average standard High rise offices, prestige quality Outoftown shopping centre, average standard Retail malls, high end Budget hotels 3star, mid market Business hotels 4/5 star Luxury hotels 5star Industrial units, shell only (Conventional single storey framed units) Owner operated factories, low rise, light weight industry Apartment units with fitout, including airconditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings and loose furniture. (Malaysia only) 612 units per floor, 46m 2 83m 2 per unit Apartment units with good quality fitout, including airconditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings and loose furniture. Houses with fitout, including airconditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings, loose furniture, garden and parking. (Malaysia only) Excluding airconditioning. Houses with good quality fitout, including airconditioning, kitchen cabinets and home appliances, but excluding decorative light fittings, loose furniture, garden and parking. RC structure, curtain wall, including public area fitout, tenant area with raised floor/ carpet, painted wall and false ceiling. (Malaysia only) Average standard offices exclude tenant fitout. Including public area fitout and M&E, but excluding shop fitout. 1) Interior decoration 2) Furniture (fixed and movable) 3) Special light fittings (chandeliers, etc.) 4) Operating Supplies and Equipment (OS&E) excluded. RC structure with steel roof and M&E to main distribution, but excluding airconditioning, heating and lighting. RC structure, including small office with simple fitout and M&E, but excluding airconditioning and heating. INDUSTRIAL HOTELS OFFICE / COMMERCIAL DOMESTIC 14 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

16 Underground/basement car parks (<3 levels) Multi storey car parks, above ground (<4 levels) Schools (primary and secondary) Students residences Sports clubs, multi purpose sports/leisure centres (dry sports) General hospitals public sector RC structure RC structure, natural ventilation, no facade enclosure. Including fitout and airconditioning, but excluding educational equipment. (Malaysia only) Schools with standard government provisions. Including fitout, loose furniture and airconditioning. (Malaysia only) Student hostels to university standard. Dry sports (no swimming pool) and are for leisure centre type schemes including main sports hall, ancillary sports facilities, changing and showers, restaurant/cafe, bar, etc. Costs include a/c, Furniture, Fittings and Equipment (FF&E). OTHERS Excluding medical and operating equipment. Notes: 1. The costs for the respective categories given above are averages based on fixed price competitive tenders. It must be understood that the actual cost of a building will depend upon the design and many other factors and may vary from the figures shown. 2. The costs per square metre are based on Construction Floor Areas (CFA) measured to the outside face of the external walls/ external perimeter including lift shafts, stairwells, balconies, plant rooms, water tanks and the like. 3. All buildings are assumed to have no basements (except otherwise stated) and are built on flat ground, with normal soil and site condition. The cost excludes site formation works, external works, land cost, professional fees, finance and legal expenses. 4. The standard for each category of building varies from region to region and do not necessary follow that of each other. 5. All costs are in US$/m 2 CFA unless otherwise stated. Fluctuation in exchange rates may lead to changes in construction costs expressed in U.S. dollars. CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 15

17 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 1. CONSTRUCTION COST DATA KUALA LUMPUR CONSTRUCTION COST TREND Domestic RM/m2 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, Bungalows (mass housing) Terraced houses Average standard apts, high rise Low cost flats, low rise (<6 levels) Office / Commercial RM/m2 Detached houses and bungalows Luxury apts, high rise Low cost flats, high rise (<15 levels) Low cost housing 5,000 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, Average standard offices, high rise Prestige offices, high rise Shopping Centres All cost are at an average level unless otherwise stated 16 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

18 RM/m 2 2,400 1,800 1, Light duty flatted factories Heavy duty flatted factories and warehouses Single storey conventional factory of structural steelwork Owner operated factories, low rise RM/m 2 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1, Resort Hotel inclusive of F.F.&E. 3star budget hotels, ditto 5star luxury hotels, ditto All cost are at an average level unless otherwise stated CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 17

19 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR KUALA LUMPUR DOMESTIC Bungalow (mass housing) Detached houses and bungalows Terraced houses Average standard apartments, high rise Luxury apartments, high rise Low cost housing Low cost flats, low rise (<6 levels) Low cost flats, high rise (<15 levels) OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Average standard offices, high rise Prestige offices, high rise Shopping centres HOTELS Resort hotels, inclusive of F.F.&E. 3star budget hotels, ditto 5star luxury hotels, ditto 1,524 2, ,045 2, ,573 2,218 1,936 3,306 3,443 6,231 BUILDING 2,071 2,831 1,057 1,561 2, ,733 3,284 2,428 3,496 4,365 7, , , ,931 RM/m 2 SERVICES 1,030 1, ,190 1,648 1,190 1,612 1,487 2,060 2,454 3, ,342 3, ,541 3,662 2,791 4,593 4,236 8,161 TOTAL 3,101 3,861 1,344 2,015 3, ,923 4,932 3,618 5,108 5,853 9, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

20 INDUSTRIAL Light duty flatted factories Heavy duty flatted factories and warehouses Single storey conventional factory of structural steelwork Owner operated factories, low rise 916 1, , ,240 1,167 1, ,462 1,797 1,356 1,813 OTHERS Basement car parks (<3 levels) Elevated car parks (<4 levels) Primary and Secondary schools Student hostels Sports clubs including F.F.&E. 1, ,899 1, ,019 2, , ,195 2,455 The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries (10%) but exclusive of contingencies. 1,648 2,014 1,703 2,026 2,068 1,152 1,058 1,317 2,675 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 19

21 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR JOHOR BAHRU DOMESTIC Bungalow (mass housing) Detached houses and bungalows Terraced houses Average standard apartments, high rise Luxury apartments, high rise Low cost housing Low cost flats, low rise (<6 levels) Low cost flats, high rise (<15 levels) OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Average standard offices, high rise Prestige offices, high rise Shopping centres HOTELS Resort hotels, inclusive of F.F.&E. 3star budget hotels, ditto 5star luxury hotels, ditto 2,200 2,025 1,050 1,180 2, ,300 1,900 1,365 3,180 3,160 5,715 BUILDING 2,970 2,530 1,575 1,730 2, ,600 3,010 1,650 3,360 4,005 6, , , ,785 RM/m 2 SERVICES ,100 1, ,710 1,370 1,900 2,500 2,700 1,250 1,430 3, ,075 3,365 2,075 4,550 3,890 7,500 TOTAL 3,305 3,375 1,920 2,180 3, ,700 4,530 2,530 5,070 5,375 8, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

22 INDUSTRIAL Light duty flatted factories Heavy duty flatted factories and warehouses Single storey conventional factory of structural steelwork Owner operated factories, low rise 880 1, , ,190 1,125 1, ,460 1,790 1,340 1,795 OTHERS Basement car parks (<3 levels) Elevated car parks (<4 levels) Primary and Secondary schools Student hostels Sports clubs including F.F.&E , ,015 1, , ,150 2,260 The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries (10%) but exclusive of contingencies. 1,650 2,010 1,695 2,010 1,265 1, ,270 2,460 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 21

23 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR PENANG DOMESTIC Bungalow (mass housing) Detached houses and bungalows Terraced houses Average standard apartments, high rise Luxury apartments, high rise Low cost housing Low cost flats, low rise (<6 levels) Low cost flats, high rise (<15 levels) OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Average standard offices, high rise Prestige offices, high rise Shopping centres HOTELS Resort hotels, inclusive of F.F.&E. 3star budget hotels, ditto 5star luxury hotels, ditto 1,100 1, , ,100 1,600 1,200 2,200 2,700 4,500 BUILDING 1,450 1, ,100 1, ,375 1,900 1,450 2,550 3,400 5, , , ,650 RM/m 2 SERVICES ,100 1, ,400 1,450 1,850 1,555 2, ,235 1, ,000 2,850 1,920 3,200 3,680 6,150 TOTAL 2,210 2,870 1,270 1,450 2, ,475 3,400 2,350 3,950 4,850 7, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

24 INDUSTRIAL Light duty flatted factories Heavy duty flatted factories and warehouses Single storey conventional factory of structural steelwork Owner operated factories, low rise ,150 1,300 1, OTHERS Basement car parks (<3 levels) Elevated car parks (<4 levels) Primary and Secondary schools Student hostels Sports clubs including F.F.&E , , ,825 The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries (10%) but exclusive of contingencies. 1,450 1,530 1,260 1,420 1, ,000 2,300 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 23

25 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR KOTA KINABALU DOMESTIC Bungalow (mass housing) Detached houses and bungalows Terraced houses Average standard apartments, high rise Luxury apartments, high rise Low cost housing Low cost flats, low rise (<6 levels) Low cost flats, high rise (<15 levels) OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Average standard offices, high rise Prestige offices, high rise Shopping centres HOTELS Resort hotels, inclusive of F.F.&E. 3star budget hotels, ditto 5star luxury hotels, ditto 1,520 2, ,040 2, ,550 2,200 1,580 3,290 4,010 6,210 BUILDING 1,620 2,820 1,040 1,550 2, ,760 3,260 2,150 3,490 4,470 7, , ,165 1,425 2,290 RM/m 2 SERVICES 530 1, , , ,425 1,570 2,445 1,940 3,295 1,055 1,395 3, ,415 3,640 2,445 4,455 5,435 8,500 TOTAL 2,150 4,050 1,380 1,970 3, ,755 4,905 3,145 4,915 6,040 9, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

26 INDUSTRIAL Light duty flatted factories Heavy duty flatted factories and warehouses Single storey conventional factory of structural steelwork Owner operated factories, low rise 910 1, , ,240 1,220 1, ,330 1,665 1,335 1,740 OTHERS Basement car parks (<3 levels) Elevated car parks (<4 levels) Primary and Secondary schools Student hostels Sports clubs including F.F.&E ,880 1, ,020 2, , ,205 2,590 The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries (10%) but exclusive of contingencies. 1,500 1,800 1,640 1,985 1,455 1,060 1,195 1,305 2,875 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 25

27 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR KUCHING DOMESTIC Bungalow (mass housing) Detached houses and bungalows Terraced houses Average standard apartments, high rise Luxury apartments, high rise Low cost housing Low cost flats, low rise (<6 levels) Low cost flats, high rise (<15 levels) OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Average standard offices, high rise Prestige offices, high rise Shopping centres HOTELS Resort hotels, inclusive of F.F.&E. 3star budget hotels, ditto 5star luxury hotels, ditto 1,110 1, ,140 1, ,550 1,840 1,750 2,870 3,070 4,900 BUILDING 1,250 2,800 1,020 1,250 1, ,850 3,000 1,860 3,350 3,350 7, , ,430 1,620 2,480 RM/m 2 SERVICES , ,100 1,700 1,000 1,700 1,770 2,550 1,580 2,545 1,140 1,440 2, ,020 2,500 3,440 2,575 4,300 4,690 7,380 TOTAL 1,850 3,750 1,220 1,650 2, ,050 1,190 2,950 4,700 2,860 5,050 5,120 9, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

28 INDUSTRIAL Light duty flatted factories Heavy duty flatted factories and warehouses Single storey conventional factory of structural steelwork Owner operated factories, low rise 1,025 1, ,110 1,270 1, , ,390 1,525 1,160 1,560 OTHERS Basement car parks (<3 levels) Elevated car parks (<4 levels) Primary and Secondary schools Student hostels Sports clubs including F.F.&E. 1, ,200 1,850 1, ,100 1,350 2, ,495 1,100 1,200 1,450 2,585 The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries (10%) but exclusive of contingencies 1,670 1,800 1,410 1,830 1,760 1,210 1,450 1,670 2,880 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 27

29 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES DOMESTIC Apartments, high rise, average standard Apartments, high rise, high end Terraced houses, average standard Detached houses, high end OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Medium/high rise offices, average standard High rise offices, prestige quality Outoftown shopping centre, average standard Retail malls, high end HOTELS Budget hotels 3 star, mid market Business hotels 4/5 star Luxury hotels 5 star KUALA LUMPUR , , ,060 1, ,045 1,225 1,690 2,125 2,455 2,360 2,725 BANGKOK * , , , ,160 1,282 1,466 1,679 1,710 2,443 US$/m 2 BRUNEI JAKARTA # 825 1,133 1,019 1, , , , ,133 1,167 1, , , ,056 1, ,560 1,868 2,200 2,508 2,259 2,567 1,150 1,360 1,570 1,750 1,680 1, ,170 1, ,280 1, ,260 1, ,080 1,120 1,180 1,375 1,270 1,375 1,575 1,650 SINGAPORE^ 1,550 1,750 2,345 3,495 1,985 2,225 2,500 3,335 1,985 2,185 2,185 2,425 2,185 2, ,345 2,580 2,460 2,660 3,135 3,575 3,135 3, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

30 INDUSTRIAL Industrial units, shell only. (Conventional single storey framed units). Owner operated factories, low rise, light weight industry ,180 1, ,050 1, ,031 1,665 1, ,075 $ 1,075 1, ,075 1,825 1,985 2,265 2,425 3,135 3,295 S$ OTHERS Underground/basement car parks (<3 levels) Multi storey car parks, above ground (<4 levels) Schools (primary & secondary) Students residences Sports clubs, multi purpose sports/leisure centres (dry sports) General hospitals public sector 1,350 1,475 PHP IDR 12,150 1,871 2,179 B$ 1.26 BAHT ,060 1,300 RM 3.46 Exchange Rate Used : US$1 = The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries but exclusive of contingencies. * Rates exclude VAT. # Rates are nett of Rates include 12% VAT. ^ Rates are nett of GST. + Includes raised floor and ceiling to tenanted areas but excludes office carpets (normally under tenant s fitout). $ Open on all sides with parapet. (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 29

31 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR SELECTED ASIA CITIES DOMESTIC Apartments, high rise, average standard Apartments, high rise, high end Terraced houses, average standard Detached houses, high end OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Medium/high rise offices, average standard High rise offices, prestige quality Outoftown shopping centre, average standard Retail malls, high end HOTELS Budget hotels 3 star, mid market Business hotels 4/5 star Luxury hotels 5 star INDIA* ,115 1,325 1,415 1,565 SEOUL # 1,250 1,550 1,500 1,900 2,260 3,450 1,200 1,550 1,420 1,870 1,135 1,780 1,360 2,210 1,680 2,010 2,360 4,080 2,720 4,430 US$/m 2 HO CHI MINH # , ,050 1,290 1,290 1,565 1,665 1,935 HONG KONG^ 3,030 3,550 4,080 4,730 4,140 4,860 5,510 6,180 3,030 3,550 3,770 4,600 3,050 3,620 4,080 4,790 3,870 4,210 4,080 4,790 4,790 5,510 MACAU $ 2,065 2,528 2,879 4,406 3,529 4,205 4,293 5,594 2,378 3,079 3,079 3,367 2,240 3,367 3,529 4,255 3,166 3,579 4,293 5,131 5,131 6, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

32 ,350 2, INDUSTRIAL Industrial units, shell only. (Conventional single storey framed units). Owner operated factories, low rise, light weight industry 2,230 2,820 1,380 1,640 2,540 2,690 2,440 2,820 3,740 4, , ,830 1,970 1,080 1,200 1,475 1, ,877 2,753 1,039 1,364 2,065 2,403 1,652 1,915 MOP ,060 5,720 HK$ 7.80 VND 21,333 KRW 1, INR OTHERS Underground/basement car parks (<3 levels) Multi storey car parks, above ground (<4 levels) Schools (primary & secondary) Students residences Sports clubs, multi purpose sports/leisure centres (dry sports) General hospitals public sector Exchange Rate Used : US$1 = The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries but exclusive of contingencies. * Rates are based on projects in Bangalore and are nett of VAT and Service Tax. Mumbai costs are generally 8% higher. # Rates are nett of VAT. $ Rates are exclusive of any management contract fee. ^ Offices of average standard are built to the following provisions: (i) Curtain wall/window wall facade (ii) Tenant are with screeded floor, painted wall and ceiling Schools (primary and secondary) are of public authority standard, no a/c and complete with basic external works. (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 31

33 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COSTS FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES DOMESTIC Apartments, high rise, average standard Apartments, high rise, high end Terraced houses, average standard Detached houses, high end OFFICE / COMMERCIAL Medium/high rise offices, average standard High rise offices, prestige quality Outoftown shopping centre, average standard Retail malls, high end HOTELS Budget hotels 3 star, mid market Business hotels 4/5 star Luxury hotels 5 star SHANGHAI* ,738 1, ,264 1,264 1,580 1,344 1,738 1,028 1,264 1,738 2,370 2,370 2,844 CHONGQING/ CHENGDU* , ,040 1,120 1, ,200 1,600 1,035 1,280 1,920 2,395 US$/m 2 SHENZHEN/ GUANGZHOU* SHENYANG* , , ,101 1, ,197 1, ,127 1,244 1,197 1,357 1,036 1,145 1,673 1,849 2,282 2,521 1,053 1,165 1,596 2,075 DALIAN* ,150 1, ,244 1, ,230 1,389 1,085 1,181 1,836 2,075 BEIJING* ,645 1, ,303 1,303 2, ,303 1,792 1,059 1,303 1,792 2,280 2,280 2, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

34 INDUSTRIAL Industrial units, shell only. (Conventional single storey framed units). Owner operated factories, low rise, light weight industry OTHERS Underground/basement car parks (<3 levels) Multi storey car parks, above ground (<4 levels) Schools (primary & secondary) Students residences Sports clubs, multi purpose sports/leisure centres (dry sports) General hospitals public sector Exchange Rate Used : US$1 = 790 1, ,028 1,264 1,580 2,052 RMB RMB RMB RMB 6.14 The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, inclusive of preliminaries but exclusive of contingencies. * Houses are built to shell and core standard only, where all tenant or occupant areas are unfurnished RMB ,303 1,303 1,629 RMB 6.14 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 33

35 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA MAJOR RATES FOR MALAYSIA 1. Excavating basement 2m deep 2. Excavating for footings 1.5m deep 3. Remove excavated materials off site 4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials 5. Mass concrete grade Reinforced concrete grade Mild steel rod reinforcement 8. High tensile rod reinforcement 9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs 10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls mm thick brick walls 12. Kliplok Colorbond 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting 13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 kg kg m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 KUALA LUMPUR PENANG RM JOHOR BAHRU KOTA KINABALU * KUCHING CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

36 14. Structural steelwork beams, stanchions and the like 15. Steelwork angles, channels, flats and the like mm cement and sand (1:3) paving mm cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls 18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (measured separately) mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining 20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces Average expected preliminaries kg kg m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 % The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, exclusive of contingencies and preliminaries. * Rates is for Kliplok Colorbond 0.54mm profiled steel sheeting CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 35

37 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES 1. Excavating basement 2m deep 2. Excavating for footings 1.5m deep 3. Remove excavated materials off site 4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials 5. Mass concrete grade Reinforced concrete grade Mild steel rod reinforcement 8. High tensile rod reinforcement 9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs 10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls mm thick brick walls 12. Kliplok Colorbond 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting 13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed 14. Structural steelwork beams, stanchions and the like 15. Steelwork angles, channels, flats and the like mm cement and sand (1:3) paving m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 kg kg m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 kg kg m 2 KUALA LUMPUR RM BANGKOK * BAHT ,500 2, ,200 7, BRUNEI B$ JAKARTA * IDR ,050 1, , MANILA PHP ,000 3,500 5, ,100 9,500 # S$ ^ CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

38 , , m 2 m , $ m m % mm cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls 18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (measured separately) mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining 20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces Average expected preliminaries The above cost are based on lump sum fixed price contract rate exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. * Rates are nett of Rates are nett of GST. $ 9mm gypsum board. # Aluminium with anodized finish; 6mm thick. ^ Rate for lean concrete blinding. (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 37

39 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA (Cont d) MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES 1. Excavating basement 2m deep 2. Excavating for footings 1.5m deep 3. Remove excavated materials off site 4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials 5. Mass concrete grade Reinforced concrete grade Mild steel rod reinforcement 8. High tensile rod reinforcement 9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs 10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls mm thick brick walls 12. Kliplok Colorbond 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting 13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed 14. Structural steelwork beams, stanchions and the like 15. Steelwork angles, channels, flats and the like mm cement and sand (1:3) paving m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 kg kg m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 kg kg m 2 INDIA * INR ,725 5,150 6, ,325 4, SEOUL # KRW 1,890 1,890 9,800 28,900 63,100 76,500 1,180 1,210 27,200 27,200 43,800 38, ,000 1,550 1,580 3,100 HO CHI MINH^ VND ( 000) ,361 1,504 1,766 1, ,660 2, BEIJING RMB HONG KONG HK$ $ 900 1,150 1, , MACAU MOP ,100 1,200 1, , CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

40 ,900 63, ,350 m 2 m ,000 1,000 m , m 2 % mm cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls 18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (measured separately) mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining 20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces Average expected preliminaries The above costs are based on lump sum fixed price contract rate exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. * Rates are supply & fix based on projects in Bangalore and are nett of VAT and service Tax. Mumbai costs are generally 8% higher. # Rates include labour costs and are nett of VAT. ^ Rates are nett of VAT. $ Rate including dumping charges. + Rate for double glazed window. (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 39

41 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA (Cont d) MAJOR RATES FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES 1. Excavating basement 2m deep 2. Excavating for footings 1.5m deep 3. Remove excavated materials off site 4. Hardcore bed blinded with fine materials 5. Mass concrete grade Reinforced concrete grade Mild steel rod reinforcement 8. High tensile rod reinforcement 9. Sawn formwork to soffits of suspended slabs 10. Sawn formwork to columns and walls mm thick brick walls 12. Kliplok Colorbond 0.64mm profiled steel sheeting 13. Aluminium casement windows, single glazed 14. Structural steelwork beams, stanchions and the like 15. Steelwork angles, channels, flats and the like mm cement and sand (1:3) paving m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 m 3 kg kg m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 kg kg m 2 SHANGHAI RMB * CHONGQING/ CHENGDU RMB SHENZHEN/ GUANGZHOU RMB SHENYANG RMB DALIAN RMB CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

42 17. 20mm cement and sand (1:4) plaster to walls 18. Ceramic tiles bedded to floor screed (measured separately) mm fibrous plasterboard ceiling lining 20. Two coats of emulsion paint to plastered surfaces Average expected preliminaries m 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 % The above costs are based on lump sum fixed price contract rate exclusive of preliminaries and contingencies unless otherwise stated. * Rate for 120mm thick concrete block walls. + Rate for double glazed window. CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 41

43 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA ACMV COSTS FOR VARIOUS DESIGNS & DEVELOPMENTS IN KUALA LUMPUR ACMV : Air Conditioning & Mechanical Ventilation System 500 RM/m 2 of Construction Floor Area Central Variable Air Volume Central Constant Air Volume Central Variable Refrigerant Volume 500 RM/m 2 of Construction Floor Area Hospital Academic Institution Office Residential Factory Hotel Commercial Complex 42 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

44 RM/Tonne of Refrigeration Central Variable Air Volume Central Constant Air Volume Central Variable Refrigerant Volume RM/Tonne of Refrigeration Hospital Academic Institution Office Residential Factory Hotel Commercial Complex CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 43

45 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA M&E COSTS FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES MECHANICAL SERVICES Offices Industrial* Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments ELECTRICAL SERVICES Offices Industrial** Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments HYDRAULIC SERVICES Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments KUALA LUMPUR RM/m BAHT/m 2 4,500 4,900 1,550 1,600 4,800 5,200 4,600 4,900 4,500 4,600 3,400 3,600 1,950 2,200 3,900 4,350 2,800 3,050 3,100 3, ,500 1, ,205 1,420 BRUNEI B$/m JAKARTA # IDR 000/m , , , , , ,010 MANILA $ PHP/m 2 3,000 5, ,500 3,000 6,500 2,125 4, ,000 3,300 6,000 2,000 3,500 4,700 9,000 3,060 6,000 3,600 6, , ,300 1,950 4, ,400 1,400 2,700 SINGAPORE^ S$/m CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

46 FIRE SERVICES Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments LIFTS / ESCALATORS Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments ,100 1,150 1,100 1, , , , ,300 1,600 2,900 1,800 3, , , The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, exclusive of contingencies unless otherwise stated. * Generally without air condition. ** Excludes special power Based upon nett enclosed area and nett of VAT. # All rates are nett of VAT. Rates for Electrical Services are excluding genset. Rates for Hydraulic Services are excluding STP. Rates for Mechanical Services refers to ACMV Rates only. ^ Rates are nett of GST and excluding BAS. $ Transformer included in Electrical Services. (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 45

47 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA (Cont d) M&E COSTS FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES MECHANICAL SERVICES Offices Industrial* Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments ELECTRICAL SERVICES Offices Industrial** Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments HYDRAULIC SERVICES Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments KRW( 000)/m INDIA # INR/m 2 4,000 5,700 1,855 3,300 4,950 5,400 3,850 5,050 2,200 2,700 3,550 4,900 2,100 3,500 3,950 5,400 3,400 4,550 1,725 2, ,250 4, ,675 1,450 2,000 HO CHI MINH VND( 000)/m 2 1,641 2,339 1,311 1,796 1,990 2,373 1,755 2, BEIJING RMB/m , , HONG KONG HK$/m 2 1,900 2, ,100 2,600 2,200 2, ,650 1,650 2, ,900 2,600 1,800 2,400 1,050 1, ,200 1, ,300 MACAU MOP/m 2 2,400 2,800 2,000 2, ,000 2,400 2,800 2,400 2, ,200 1,200 1, , CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

48 FIRE SERVICES Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments LIFTS / ESCALATORS Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments , ,150 1, , , ,200 1,750 1,400 1, , ,127 1,202 1, , , The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, exclusive of contingencies unless otherwise stated. * Generally without air condition. ** Excludes special power Rates are nett of VAT. # Rates are based on projects in Bangalore and are nett of VAT and Service Tax. Mumbai costs are generally 8% higher , (Cont d) CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 47

49 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA (Cont d) M&E COSTS FOR SELECTED ASIAN CITIES MECHANICAL SERVICES Offices Industrial* Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments ELECTRICAL SERVICES Offices Industrial** Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments HYDRAULIC SERVICES Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments SHANGHAI RMB/m ,265 1,050 1, SHENZHEN/ GUANGZHOU RMB/m , ,050 1, CHONGQING/ CHENGDU RMB/m , , , SHENYANG RMB/m DALIAN RMB/m CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

50 FIRE SERVICES Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments LIFTS / ESCALATORS Offices Industrial Hotels Shopping Centres Apartments The above costs are at 4th Quarter 2014 levels, exclusive of contingencies unless otherwise stated. * Generally without air condition. ** Excludes special power supply CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 49

51 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA UNIT COSTS FOR ANCILLARY FACILITIES FOR KUALA LUMPUR DESCRIPTION PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT Outdoor playground equipment comprising various activities and safety mat Age group: 4 to 12 Child Capacity: * Price varies according to equipment and design. SAUNAS Sauna room complete with timber finishes (Finland Spruce), stainless steel heater with builtin control panel and all accessories Size: 8 x 8 x 7 6 STEAM BATHS Steam bath complete with steam generator, aluminium framed glass door, ceramic wall tiles, water proofing system, lighting and all accessories Size: 8 x 8 x 7 6 UNIT RM per set 46,600 per room 15,200 per room 18,000 GOLF COURSES (Based on Average Cost Model of an 18 hole golf course in Asia). Including fairway construction and rough hydro seeding. GOLF SIMULATOR Complete golf simulation system complete with projector, high impact projection screen, artificial grass putting turf, putting green per hole 2,552,000 per set 275, CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

52 DESCRIPTION UNIT RM SQUASH COURTS Single court with glass back wall including associated mechanical and electrical services but excluding any public facilities (enclosing structure not included) TENNIS COURTS Single court on grade with acrylic surfacing complete excluding chain link fence per court 59,300 per court 60,000 SWIMMING POOLS Size: 25m x 10.5m Depth: approx. 1.2m to 1.8m Outdoor swimming pool built on ground, fully tiled, completed with 5m wide deck and associated equipment Extra for heating equipment (solar) Extra for ozone system Size: 25m x 10.5m Depth: approx. 1.8m to 3.0m Indoor swimming pool built with suspended structure (enclosing structure not included) fully tiled and completed with 5m wide deck, including mechanical ventilation and associated equipment Extra for heating equipment (solar) Extra for ozone system per pool 822,300 per pool 172,500 per pool 241,500 per pool 1,201,800 per pool 287,500 per pool 345,000 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA 51

53 1 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA FITOUT COSTS FOR KUALA LUMPUR DESCRIPTION RM/m 2 HOTELS Public Area (Front of House): 3 star Hotel 4 star Hotel 5 star Hotel Guest Rooms: 3 star Hotel 4 star Hotel 5 star Hotel Notes: 2,570 3,500 3,390 4,210 4,210 above 1,280 1,820 1,750 2,780 2,690 above 1. Includes furniture, floor, wall and ceiling finishes, drapery, sanitary fittings and light fittings. 2. Excludes partitioning, M&E works, chandelier, building shell, operational items and equipment (e.g. bed, cutlery, crockery, linen, television, refrigerator etc.), opening expenses, stage equipment and computer systems. OFFICES General Office Executive Office Prestige Office Notes: 1. Local furniture allowed for general offices ,090 1,090 above 2. Includes furniture, partitioning, minor alteration to fire services, airconditioning and suspended ceiling to suit layout. 3. Excludes telephones, Local Area Network, office equipment (e.g. computers, photocopies, fax machines,ups, etc). RESTAURANTS General dining restaurant Fine dining restaurant Notes: 2,500 3,860 5,850 above 1. Includes furniture, floor, wall and ceiling finishes, minor alteration to airconditioning and fire services installation to suit layout, exhaust for kitchen but excludes exhaust flue, operational items (e.g. cutlery, crockery, linen, utensils, etc.). 52 CONSTRUCTION COST DATA

54 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 2 JUBM Langdon & Seah Building Works Composite Tender Price Index (BWCTPI) JKR Tender Price Index Value of Construction Work Done Performance of Construction Sector Estimating Rules of Thumb Technical Specifications Average Unit Prices Unit Price Index Construction Sector Indicators Commodities Price Trend (Jan to Dec 2014) Malaysia Construction Sector Employment & GDP Progress Payments

55 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA JUBM LANGDON & SEAH BUILDING WORKS COMPOSITE TENDER PRICE INDEX (BWCTPI) Tender Price Index Base Year = 2000 Source: JUBM & Langdon & Seah Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q (f) 54 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

56 JKR TENDER PRICE INDEX TENDER PRICE INDEX Tender Price Index Year / / Base Year = 1980 Source: Contract and Quantity Survey Branch, Public Works Department (JKR), Malaysia GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 55

57 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA VALUE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK DONE BY TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY Quarter / Year Q1/2010 Q2/2010 Q3/2010 Q4/2010 Residential Buildings RM million (%) 2,896 2,904 3,215 3, Nonresidential Buildings Civil Engineering RM million (%) RM million (%) RM million (%) RM million 6,293 7,210 6,609 6, ,675 4,462 3,576 4, Special Trade 1,406 1,416 1,489 1, ,270 15,992 14,889 15,641 Total Q1/2011 Q2/2011 Q3/2011 Q4/2011 3,491 3,775 4,180 4, ,578 6,513 6,166 5, ,363 3,530 4,355 6, ,087 1,222 1,335 1, ,519 15,041 16,037 17,661 Q1/2012 Q2/2012 Q3/2012 Q4/2012 4,885 5,162 5,061 5, ,807 7,086 7,158 6, ,119 7,050 7,201 8, , , ,726 20,349 20,401 22,191 Q1/2013 Q2/2013 Q3/2013 Q4/2013 5,413 6,484 6,253 6, ,714 7,123 7,869 7, ,603 8,025 7,667 9, ,086 1,062 1, ,613 22,717 22,852 24,692 Q1/2014 Q2/2014 Q3/2014 7,202 7,657 7, ,052 8,157 8, ,399 8,167 7, ,320 1,192 1, ,973 25,173 25,301 Source: Quarterly Construction Statistics, Department of Statistics Malaysia (%) GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

58 PERFORMANCE OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 No. of Project 8,585 8,818 8,862 9,324 8,719 9,392 9,753 9,652 9,774 9,875 9,835 Value of Construction Done (RM 000) 17,725,906 20,348,855 20,401,333 22,190,736 20,613,411 22,717,500 22,851,629 24,692,364 24,973,000 25,173,000 25,301,000 Percentage Change (%) (QoQ) (YoY) (%) (5.00) Percentage Change (%) (QoQ) Percentage Change (%) (YoY) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q (10.00) Source: Quarterly Construction Statistics, Department of Statistics Malaysia GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 57

59 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA ESTIMATING RULES OF THUMB Composition of Concrete (per m 3 ) Mix Cement Sand Aggregate 1:3:6 216kg 0.45m m 3 1:2:4 308kg 0.43m m 3 1:1:2 540kg 0.38m m 3 Weight of Concrete Items Item Weight Concrete 2,400 kg/m 3 Cement 1,441 kg/m 3 Sand 1,600 kg/m 3 Aggregate 1,350 kg/m 3 Steel 7,843 kg/m 3 Average Loads Volume Lorry 10.0 m 3 Concrete truck (24 ton) 5.5 m 3 Barge 200 1,450 m 3 Dimensions for Standard Parking Space, Loading/ Unloading Bays and Laybys Minimum Length Width Headroom Private Cars, Taxis 5 m 2.5 m 2.4 m and Light Vans Coaches and Buses 12 m 3.0 m 3.8 m Lorries 11 m 3.5 m 4.1 m Container Vehicles 16 m 3.5 m 4.5 m Minimum headroom means the clearance between the floor and the lower most projection from the ceiling including any lighting units, ventilation duct, conduits or similar. 58 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

60 Structure Design Concrete Ratios The following is a range of concrete ratios for building superstructure design: Concrete/floor area 0.3 m 3 /m 2 to 0.6 m 3 /m 2 Formwork/floor area 2.2 m 2 /m 2 to 3.0 m 2 /m 2 Reinforcement/concrete vol. 160 kg/m 3 to 250 kg/m 3 Average External Wall/Floor Ratio Residential Apartments 1.0 m 2 /m 2 Office, Hotel 0.4 m 2 /m 2 Industrial 0.4 m 2 /m 2 Average Internal Wall/Floor Ratio Residential Apartments 1.0 m 2 /m 2 Office 0.5 m 2 /m 2 Hotel 1.5 m 2 /m 2 Air Conditioning Average 0.05 tonne/m 2 of floor area The above ratios are indicative and for reference purposes only. They do not account for buildings with special shapes, configurations or particular small foot prints. Indicative Dimensions for Sports Grounds Length Width Tennis Court 40 m 20 m Squash Court 13 m 6 m Basketball Court 38 m 23 m Volleyball Court 30 m 20 m Badminton Court 20 m 10 m Rink 61 m 26 m Soccer Playing Feld m m Futsal m m The above dimensions are for a single court with appropriate clearance. No spectator seating or support area has been allowed. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 59

61 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Table for Standard BRC Fabrics BRC Ref. No. A 10 A 9 A 8 A 7 A 6/5 A 5 A 4 B 12 B 10 B 9 B 8 B 7 B 6 B 5 C 10 C 9 C 8 C 7 C 6 C 5 BS 4483 or SS32 Ref No. A 393 A 252 A 193 A 142 A 98 B 1131 B 385 B 503 B 385 B 283 B 196 C 785 C 636 C 503 C 385 C 283 Size mm Main Wire Cross Wire CrossSectional Area Spacing mm Size mm SQUARE MESHES Spacing mm RECTANGULAR MESHES Main mm 2 /m , Cross mm 2 /m Mass Per Unit Area Kg/m STANDARD SIZES Rolls (Ref. No s: A4, A5, A6, A6/5 only) Length : 40.0 metres Width : 2.0 metres Sheets (all Ref. No s) Length : 6.0 metres Width : 2.2 metres 60 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

62 Weight Tables for Mild Steel Round Bar & High Tensile Deformed Bar Std. Size (mm) Mild Steel Round High Yield Deformed Cross Sectional Area (mm 2 ) Unit Weight (kg/m) No. of Pcs. 12m Length Per Bundle Weight Per Bundle (MT) D 6 D 8 D 9 D 10 D 12 D 16 D 20 D 22 D 25 D 28 D 32 D 35 D 38 D 40 Ø 6 Ø 8 Ø 9 Ø 10 Ø 12 Ø 16 Ø 20 Ø 22 Ø 25 Ø 28 Ø 32 Ø 35 Ø , , * High Yield Deformed Bar Standard Length : 12 metres straight. * Mild Steel Round Bar Standard Length : 12 metres straight or 12 metres once folded. * Special cut length can be produced from 6m to 15m on a certain min. quality per size per order upon request. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 61

63 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA AVERAGE UNIT PRICES Fuel Oil RM/Litre Bitumen RM/Metric Ton Automative Gas Oil RM/Litre 2014 Medium 80/100 Penetration Diesel Retail Price Region A B C A B C A B C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Region: A = Central Peninsular Malaysia; B = Kota Kinabalu; C = Kuching Source: Special Release 1, For Civil Engineering Works, Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Sand RM/Metric Ton River Sand A B C Cement RM/50 kg Bag Ordinary Portland A B C GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

64 Aggregates RM/Metric Ton 2014 Granite 10mm ( 3 /8 ) Granite 20mm ( 3 /4 ) Granite 40mm (1 1 /2 ) Region A B C A B C A B C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Region: A = Central Peninsular Malaysia; B = Kota Kinabalu; C = Kuching Source: Special Release 1, For Civil Engineering Works, Department of Statistics, Malaysia Crusher run A B C GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 63

65 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA UNIT PRICE INDEX Bricks & Wall Glass Ceiling Materials Roofing Materials Timber Plywood Sanitary Fittings Floor & Wall Tiles Plumbing Materials 2014 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Note: July 2012 = 100 Unit Price Index above are applicable for Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor Region. Source: Special Release 2, For Building and Structural Works, Department of Statistics, Malaysia Steel & Metal Sections Paints 64 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

66 CONSTRUCTION SECTOR INDICATORS Other articles of concrete, cement and plaster Basic iron and steel products Index Production of construction related products Other Articles of Concrete, Cement & Plaster Production # (Index) Basic Iron and Steel Products Construction Related Products Housing Approvals* (number) Loans Approval for Construction Sector (RM million) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct ,859 9,517 8,117 10,600 10,447 22,096 18,838 13,633 10,356 1,309 1,234 1,309 2,190 1,332 1,591 1,657 2,694 3,661 1,958 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Number Housing Approvals* (number) RM Million 25,000 Loans Approved for Construction Sector (RM million) 4,000 20,000 3,500 3,000 15,000 2,500 2,000 10,000 1,500 5,000 1, Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Note: # All rates are based on the new Industrial production Index (2010 = 100). * No. of housing units by private developers approved for construction by the Ministry of Housing and Local Government in Peninsular Malaysia. Source: Monthly Statistical Bulletin, Central Bank of Malaysia. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 65

67 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA COMMODITIES PRICE TREND (JAN TO DEC 2014) Nickel USD/Tonne 22,000 21,000 20,000 19,000 18,000 17,000 16,000 15,000 14,000 13,000 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Copper (Grade A) USD/Tonne 7,600 7,400 7,200 7,000 6,800 6,600 6,400 6,200 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 66 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

68 Aluminium USD/Tonne 2,200 2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,700 1,600 1,500 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year 2014 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Copper Aluminium Nickel (Grade A) Monthly Average (USD / Tonne) 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Source: London Metal Exchange GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 67

69 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA MALAYSIA CONSTRUCTION SECTOR EMPLOYMENT & GDP Employment ( 000) % 1,260 1,240 1,220 1,200 1,180 1,160 1,140 1,120 1,100 1,080 1, * 9.50% 9.40% 9.30% 9.20% 9.10% 9.00% 8.90% Employment for Construction Sector Contribution to Total Employment GDP (RM million) 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 % , * 2015** Year 3.00 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for Construction Sector Contribution to Total GDP Note: * Estimate by Ministry of Finance Malaysia ** Forecast by Ministry of Finance Malaysia Source: Economic Report 2014/2015, Ministry of Finance, Malaysia 68 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

70 PROGRESS PAYMENTS Progress Claims (%) Contract Period (%) The following graph and table are an indication of the rate of expenditure for construction projects. The rate of expenditure is an average rate and will vary from project to project when specific project circumstances are taken into account. No account has been made for retention. Contract Period Cumulative Progress Claims Contract Period Cumulative Progress Claims Contract Period Cumulative Progress Claims 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 2% 5% 8% 13% 18% 24% 30% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 36% 43% 50% 57% 64% 70% 76% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100% 82% 87% 92% 95% 98% 100% GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 69

71 2 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA 70 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION DATA

72 PROPERTY 3 Residential Hotel Office Shopping Complex Shop Industrial

73 3 PROPERTY RESIDENTIAL Residential Q p WP Kuala Lumpur WP Putrajaya WP Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak Existing Stock (unit) 427,669 5,250 11,761 1,372, , , , , , , ,921 85,092 61,118 22, , ,016 Incoming Supply (unit) 55,584 3, , ,539 64,551 41,047 62,844 24,730 43,527 36,272 25,513 15,720 3,663 47,468 26,885 MALAYSIA 4,794, ,572 p = preliminary Source: Residential Property Stock Report, 3rd Quarter 2014, by Valuation & Property Services Department. Projection of Cumulative Supply for High End Condominiums Number of Units 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, H2014(e) 2H2014(f) 2015(f) Bangsar / Damansara Heights Ampang Hilir / UThant Note: (e) = estimate; (f) = forecast Mont Kiara / Sri Hartamas KL City Source: Knight Frank 72 PROPERTY

74 Capital Value for selected 2storey terraced houses (land area 1,200 1,900 sqft) in Klang Valley 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Bdr Sri Damansara (SD7) TTDI (Athinahapan) Bandar Utama (BU1) Bangsar Baru USJ (USJ 6) Bdr Puchong Jaya Q07 3Q08 3Q09 3Q10 3Q11 3Q12 3Q13 3Q14 Bdr Sri Damansara (SD7) TTDI (Athinahapan) ,100 1,400 1,400 Bandar Utama (BU1) ,000 1,150 1,250 Bangsar Baru ,150 1,300 1,350 1,700 1,800 USJ (USJ 6) Bdr Puchong Jaya Asking Prices and Rentals of Existing High End Condominiums (1H 2014) Locality Asking Gross Rental (RM psf/month) Asking Selling Price (RM psf) KL City* ,700 Ampang Hilir / UThant ,100 Damansara Heights** Kenny Hills Bangsar ,200 Mont Kiara*** RM/Unit/'000 Source: The Edge & CBRE Notes: * Excludes The Binjai On The Park ** Includes Damansara Heights *** Excludes Verve Suites which comprises mainly fully furnished small units Source: Knight Frank PROPERTY 73

75 3 PROPERTY HOTEL Hotel Q p Existing Stock (Room) Incoming Supply (Room) WP Kuala Lumpur WP Putrajaya WP Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak 34, ,702 16,009 21,878 15,352 12,865 6,127 11,438 11,608 21,547 7,433 4, ,555 16,720 3, ,647 1,286 3,412 1,342 1,569 3, , MALAYSIA 199,732 21,377 p = preliminary Source: Leisure Property Stock Report, 3rd Quarter 2014 by Valuation & Property Services Department Average Occupancy Rate of Hotels and Number of Hotel Guests Million Persons 80 Hotel guests (million persons) Average Occupancy rates of Hotel (%) Source: Tourism Satellite Account by Department of Statistics % PROPERTY

76 Tourist Arrivals & Receipts to Malaysia RM Million Million 70,000 60,000 Receipts (RM mil) Arrivals (Mil) Average Room Rates for 5star & 4star Hotels in Kuala Lumpur City Centre 4 Star RM/Night 5 Star RM/Night 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10, H H H H H H H H H H H Source: Tourism Malaysia Source: Knight Frank PROPERTY 75

77 3 PROPERTY OFFICE Major Office Investment Sales in June 2013 to June 2014 Platinum, Sentral, KL Sentral Menara PJD, Jalan Tun Razak (1) Tower 1, Avenue 3, The Horizon, Bangsar South Bangunan Shell Malaysia, Damansara Heights (2) Menara 238 (Menara Marinara), Jalan Tun Razak 24 Office units, Level 2 to 7, Tower 3, Maju Linq, Bandar Tasik Selatan Approx Lettable Area (SF) 475, ,112 61, , ,000 42,792 RM psf 1, , Notes: (1) Menara PJD is solely tenanted by Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia until 31 Oct (2) Bangunan Shell, completed in 1986, is a 12storey purposebuilt office building with a basement car park linked to Wisma Chase Perdana via a common ramp. Source: Knight Frank Asking Rentals for Selected Grade A office as at 1H2014 RM psf/month Menara Maxis Vista Tower G tower Menara Darussalam Integra Tower Menara Binjai Quill 7 Menara Prestij Menara Shell Nu Tower 1 & Nu Tower 2 Menara CIMB The gardens North & South tower 76 PROPERTY

78 Incoming Supply (m 2 ) Existing Stock Total Space (m 2 ) Purpose Built Office Q p Vacancy % Kuala Lumpur Grade A Office Overall Rental Vs. Vacancy Rates RM/sf/month 1,152, ,244 19, ,940 85,501 60,330 20,175 24,586 5,004 5,050 31,717 6,459 6, ,748 7,378 7,826,712 1,990,459 66,157 3,087,374 1,046,956 1,067, , , , , , , , , , ,858 WP Kuala Lumpur WP Putrajaya WP Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak 30% % % % % % 0% ,096,919 19,196,197 1Q14 4Q13 3Q13 2Q13 1Q13 4Q12 3Q12 2Q12 1Q12 MALAYSIA p = preliminary Grade A Net Effective Rent (RMpsf) Vacancy Source: Cushman & Wakefield Source: Commercial Property Stock Report, 2nd Quarter 2014 by Valuation & Property Services Department PROPERTY 77

79 3 PROPERTY SHOPPING COMPLEX Shopping Complex Q p WP Kuala Lumpur WP Putrajaya WP Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak Existing Stock Total Space (m 2 ) 2,503,448 68,503 26,063 2,795,450 1,615,367 1,613, , , , , , , ,854 44, , ,382 MALAYSIA 12,386,812 Incoming Supply (m 2 ) 378,628 3, ,350 66, ,168 51, ,411 23,092 14,863 12,316 5,916 3, ,180 70,690 1,095,926 Distribution of Shopping Complex in Malaysia as at Q p Other States 31.16% Pulau Pinang 13.02% Johor 13.04% p = preliminary Source: Commercial Property Stock Report 2nd Quarter 2014 by Valuation & Property Services Department WP Kuala Lumpur 20.21% Selangor 22.57% 78 PROPERTY

80 Shopping Complex's Existing Stock in Kuala Lumpur & Selangor (By Location) as at Q ,000 m2 Existing Stock 500, , , , ,000 Source: Commercial Property Stock Report 2nd Quarter 2014 by Valuation & Property Services Department Shopping Centres Opened / Scheduled for Completion in 2014 New Projects Estimate Net. Lettable Area (sf) D Pulze Shopping Mall, Cyberjaya The One City, USJ 25, Subang Jaya Quill City Mall, Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur Atria Shopping Gallery, Petaling Jaya IOI City Mall, Putrajaya Gamuda Walk, Shah Alam GLO Damansara (previously G Avenue), Glomac Damansara 370, , , ,000 1,400,000 93, ,000 Source: Knight Frank Petaling Jaya Subang Jaya/ Sunway Shah Alam Klang Bangsar Central Commercial Area Jalan Ampang Bukit Bintang/ Jalan Raja Chulan PROPERTY 79

81 3 PROPERTY SHOP Shop Q p WP Kuala Lumpur WP Putrajaya WP Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak MALAYSIA Existing Stock (unit) 23, ,997 70,792 29,703 47,099 17,857 18,321 26,377 17,714 6,056 8,617 3,554 16,717 24, ,155 Incoming Supply (unit) 2, ,709 14,657 4,031 8,549 4,590 4,419 3,602 3,306 1,209 2, ,618 3,415 72,112 p = preliminary Source: Commercial Property Stock Report, 2nd Quarter 2014 by Valuation & Property Services Department 11,735 ; 11.11% Distribution of Existing and Incoming Supply of Shop in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor as at Q ,514 ; 30.78% 7,559 ; 7.16% 2,376 ; 2.25% 310 ; 0.29% 18,781 ; 17.78% Existing p 625 ; 0.59% 828 ; 0.78% 1,416 ; 1.34% 29,497 ; 27.92% 4,177 ; 25.05% 1,512 ; 9.07% 1,720 ; 10.32% Incoming Supply p 96 ; 0.58% 168 ; 1.01% 275 ; 1.65% 341 ; 2.05% 4,482 ; 26.88% 3,903 ; 23.41% p = preliminary PreWar 11 1/2 Storey 22 1/2 Storey 33 1/2 Storey 44 1/2 Storey 55 1/2 Storey 66 1/2 Storey Above 6 1/2 Storey LockUp SOHO 80 PROPERTY

82 INDUSTRIAL Distribution of Existing and Incoming Supply of Industrial in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor as at Q ,247 ; 71.63% Incoming Existing p Supply P 490 ; 1.20% 1,567 ; 3.84% 4,850 ; 11.88% 4,678 ; % 2,303; 61.81% 6; 0.16% 247; 6.63% 1,170; 31.40% Industrial Q p WP Kuala Lumpur WP Putrajaya WP Labuan Selangor Johor Pulau Pinang Perak Negeri Sembilan Melaka Kedah Pahang Terengganu Kelantan Perlis Sabah Sarawak Existing Stock (unit) Terraced SemiDetached Detached Flatted Factory Industrial Complex MALAYSIA 96,172 10,460 p = preliminary p = preliminary Source: Industrial Property Stock Report, 3rd Quarter 2014 by Valuation & Property Services Department. 5, ,664 14,019 7,969 7,485 4,415 4,140 3,246 3, ,341 4,599 Incoming Supply (unit) ,706 1, ,381 1,082 PROPERTY 81

83 3 PROPERTY 82 PROPERTY

84 FINANCIAL 4 Financial Definitions & Formulae Mortgage Repayment Table Malaysia Balance of Trade Consumer Price Index Prime Rates & Base Lending Rates Interest Rates : Banking Institutions Currency Chart Exchange Rates

85 4 FINANCIAL FINANCIAL DEFINITIONS Discount Rate The rate of return a developer expects when investing in a project. i.e. opportunity cost Internal Rate of Return (IRR) The IRR may be defined as the interest rate that equates the present value of expected future cash flows to the cost of the investment. The IRR can be compared to the Discount Rate. Net Present Value (NPV) The NPV is the present value of all future cash flows, discounted back to today s values at the Discount Rate. The NPV indicates in today s dollars the profit or loss a developer makes above or below his required profit (based on a nominated Discount Rate). 72 Rule The approximate number of years required to double your capital can be calculated by dividing the interest rate into 72. e.g. If interest rate = 10% p.a. Then = 7.2 years It will take approximately 7.2 years to double your capital if it is invested at 10% p.a. FINANCIAL FORMULAE Future value of $1 Future value of $1 per period Sinking fund (the amount required to be put away periodically to realise some future sum) Present value of $1 Present value of $1 per period Annuity with a PV of $1 (Mortgage bond formula) PV FV PMT n i FV = PV (1+i) n FV = PMT [((1+i) n 1) i] PMT = FV [i ((1+i) n 1)] PV = FV [1 (1+i) n ] PV = PMT [((1+i) n 1) (i(1+i) n )] PMT = PV[(i(1+i) n ) ((1+i) n 1)] = present value = future value = payment amount = period (e.g. 10 years with monthly payments, n = 10 x 12 = 120) = interest rate per period (e.g. 12% p.a. compounded monthly; i = 12% 12 month = 1% per period) 84 FINANCIAL

86 MORTGAGE REPAYMENT TABLE Based on: * 1,000 units of currency * Interest compounded monthly * Equal monthly repayments Interest REPAYMENT (years) p.a % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Example Borrow $1,000,000 to be repaid monthly at 10% p.a. over 10 years. Repayments = 1,000,000 / 1,000 x $13.22 = $13,220 per month FINANCIAL 85

87 4 FINANCIAL MALAYSIA BALANCE OF TRADE Trade Balance RM million 200, , , , , ,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20, * Trade Balance Import (RM million) Export (RM million) Import/Export RM million 800, , , , , , , ,000 0 Exports Imports Trade Balance Year (RM mil) (RM mil) (RM mil) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , * 360, ,929 63,706 Note: * January to June only Source: Economic Report 2014/2015, Ministry of Finance, Malaysia 86 FINANCIAL

88 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX % Change in CPI Year Year CPI % Change % % % % % % % % % % 2014* % Note: Year 2010 is the Base Year * Average from January to November 2014 only Source: Department of Statistics, Malaysia FINANCIAL 87

89 4 FINANCIAL PRIME RATES & BASE LENDING RATES as at 4th Quarter 2014 Country Rate (%) Australia* 2.50 Brunei 5.50 China ** 6.15 Egypt*** Hong Kong 5.00 India Indonesia 7.75 Japan^ 1.15 Macau 5.25 Malaysia 6.85 New Zealand^^ Pakistan^^^ Philippines 4.36 Singapore 5.35 South Africa 9.50 South Korea Thailand United Kingdom 0.50 United States of America 3.25 Vietnam * Over Night Cash Rate ** 3Year Benchmark Lending Rate *** Overnight Lending Rate ^ Long Term Prime Rate % pa ^^ SME Overdraft Rate (Previously Business Base Lending Rate) ^^^ Weighted Average Lending Rate + Call Rate of The Bank of Korea ++ Minimum Loan Rate % pa (Average Based on Local Bank) +++ Minimum and in VND per year Source: Langdon & Seah Offices Central Bank of Egypt ( Reserve Bank of New Zealand ( Bank of England ( Bank of Japan ( State Bank of Pakistan ( FINANCIAL

90 INTEREST RATES: BANKING INSTITUTIONS Percent Per Annum Commercial Banks : Base Lending Rates Commercial Banks : Average Lending Rates Investment Banks : Average Lending Rates Commercial Banks Investment Banks 2014 Base Average Average Lending Lending Rates Lending Rates Rates (%) (%) (%) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Note: December rates are not available at time of publication. Source: Monthly Statistical Bulletin, Central Bank of Malaysia FINANCIAL 89

91 4 FINANCIAL CURRENCY CHART Ringgit (RM) RM per 1 USD RM per 1 GBP RM per 100 JPY RM per 1 SGD RM per 1 EURO Year 90 FINANCIAL

92 EXCHANGE RATES as at 1 January 2015 Country Currency RM1 US $1 Australia dollar Bahrain dinar Brunei dollar China rmb Egypt pound European Currency Unit ecu Hong Kong dollar India rupees Indonesia rupiah 3, ,391.6 Japan yen Kenya shillings Lebanon pound ,487.1 Malaysia ringgit New Zealand dollar Pakistan rupee Philippines peso Qatar riyal Singapore dollar South Africa rand South Korea won , Sri Lanka rupee Thailand baht United Arab Emirates dirham United Kingdom pound United States of America dollar Vietnam dong 6, ,298.9 Source: FINANCIAL 91

93 4 FINANCIAL 92 FINANCIAL

94 OTHER INFORMATION 5 Utility Costs for Selected Asian Cities Weight & Measures Conversion Guide Public Holidays Directory of Offices Telephone Directory (Malaysia)