642 Kensington Road Santa Monica, California City Landmark Assessment Report

Transcription

1 Santa Monica, California City Landmark Assessment Report Prepared for: City of Santa Monica Planning Division Prepared by: ICF International November 2012

2 , Santa Monica APN: City Landmark Assessment and Evaluation BACKGROUND INFORMATION Description of Site or Structure, Note Any Major Alterations and Dates of Alterations The subject property is located on the south side of Kensington Road, between 7 th Street and Beverly Avenue. The residence is oriented to the north/northwest, facing Kensington Road and Jocelyn Park across the street. The eclectic-influenced Craftsman style bungalow is located in a residential neighborhood consisting of both single-family homes from the 1920s and the late 1940s, as well as multi-family apartment complexes from the 1960s and later. The one-and-one-half story eclectic Craftsman bungalow style single-family residence was identified in the Santa Monica Citywide Historic Resources Inventory Update, prepared in November 2010, as a 5S3*. This indicates that the preparers of the report determined that the property appeared individually eligible as a Santa Monica Structure of Merit. Recently, the owner of the property has requested a re-evaluation of the property to determine if it meets the criteria of a Santa Monica Landmark. Description. The subject property is a one story, single-family residence designed in the Asian-inspired variation of the Craftsman architectural style. It has a medium-pitched front gable roof over the main volume of the house. The wide, overhanging eaves display exposed rafter tails. The three-quarters width, projecting front porch has a front-gable roof with flared eaves. Square and rectangular wood vents with horizontal slats and pronounced lintels and sills are evident in the gable peaks. The exterior is clad in wood clapboard siding. The wood porch supports consist of two wood posts with short protruding knobs, topped by a short horizontal board with an inverted semi-circular design on either side, reminiscent of Asian architectural elements. The porch, which is accessed by a single concrete step at the center of the façade, has a closed balustrade with clapboard siding and low, molded wood caps. The fenestration is wood framed, double-hung sash, with a gothic-style muntin design on the upper sash, which divides the pane into four differentiated lights. By comparing Sanborn maps with the current footprint, it appears that there has been a modest addition to the east end of the rear elevation, which is not visible from the public right-of-way. The garage at the rear of the house was converted in 2010 to an accessory building and no longer has an auto-related function. To the west of the house is a wide driveway, with a brick surface. A low concrete block retaining/garden wall is located along the sidewalk at the front of the house. A row of medium-height hedges behind the wall provides a natural screen for the front lawn. The property exhibits a high level of integrity of physical and historical integrity. Landmark Assessment Report Page 2

3 Building Permits. The original building permit is not available. However, archival tax assessor records indicate that the parcel was improved in 1907 under the ownership of Mrs. E.W. Marshall. 1 A 1937 building permit documents the relocation of the subject dwelling from th Street to for an estimated cost of $600 with William McEwan identified as the bungalow s owner. As relates to the th Street property, a building permit from 1937 shows that a two-story triplex was erected at that location for an estimated cost of $10,000 under the ownership of Luvena Breese. There were no other relevant building permits on file with the City. Statement of Architectural Significance Craftsman style. 2 The bungalow had its genesis in Southern California and was a very popular building type in Los Angeles newly developing suburban areas, including Santa Monica, during the first quarter of the twentieth century. Because of their relative economy, bungalows answered a growing need for affordable housing during the first two decades of the 20 th century. Ornate examples were commissioned for wealthy residents of suburban enclaves such as Pasadena. Square or rectangular in plan, cottages with one or one-and-onehalf stories and rectilinear porches typify the bungalow form. To this basic form architects introduced Colonial Revival, Craftsman, Spanish, and even Japanese architectural elements in creating semi-customized results. Simple, horizontal, and craft-oriented natural materials generally characterize the Craftsman style. Common elements include low-pitch, cross-gabled roof forms; deep overhanging eaves; exposed roof beams and rafter tails; asymmetrical facades; battered (tapered) or square porch posts; rectangular shaped windows, often sash over sash; tripartite window groupings; single or clapboard siding; and simple wood frame surrounds. In addition to bungalows, the Craftsman style was applied to large single-family dwellings, duplexes, fourplexes, and other multi-family dwellings that were considerably larger than the term bungalow implies. By the late 1910s and into the 1920s, the Craftsman style was often melded with revival styles such as the American Colonial Revival. The subject property is reflective of the Craftsman bungalow style, with Asian-inspired decorative touches such as by the flared eaves with notched rafter ends, and decorative brackets and porch posts. It represents an excellent example of the Craftsman bungalow style and type and retains a high level of both physical and stylistic integrity. A review of several of the surrounding blocks did not reveal any other similar houses. There are a few Craftsman style bungalows, but none share the same exact design features. Statement of Historical Importance Ocean Park 3. Ocean Park s history was somewhat independent from that of the rest of Santa Monica. Separated from the north by a gully, which today is filled by the Santa Monica Freeway, Ocean Park was initially oriented towards the beach where a series of piers and other tourist attractions were erected in the late nineteenth century. Much of the housing during this initial period of development was deliberately temporary in nature. Although 1 Archival Tax Assessor Records, Book 96, Page 2, Block 110, Parcel S. 2 ICF International. Santa Monica Citywide Historic Resources Inventory Update November 2010, p Ibid, p Landmark Assessment Report Page 3

4 residential tracts began to be subdivided from the large blocks of land owned by families such as the Lucas and the Vawters families in the mid-1880s, construction tended to cluster on streets nearest the ocean, with the 4 th Street hill as the inland boundary. In the years following the turn-of-the-twentieth-century, however, building activities intensified. Main Street became the commercial spine of the community, servicing both permanent residents and visitors who lived in the cottages, bungalows, and bungalow courts that sprang up as far east as Lincoln Boulevard and beyond. Due to the rapid growth of Ocean Park, by 1902, it was announced that no more lots would be leased and that leasers would be given until May 1 st, to purchase their lots or vacate. Hereafter, lots would only be sold with building restrictions which would put an end to the building of cheap beach cottages. Many of the lease holders purchased their lots and removed the old buildings to put up modern cottages which would yield an income on the increased valuation of the property. To many, however, the prices charged for lots and the building restrictions seemed prohibitive and the cottages were removed to cheaper property. During , it was a common sight to find a cottage on wheels moving back from the ocean front to the hills. 4 By the close of the teens, a substantial portion of Ocean Park had been improved. The 1920s witnessed nearly complete build out of the area, sometimes at the expense of older improvements. The advent of the Great Depression, however, resulted in a sudden halt to most new construction in the area. According to researcher Karen M. Wenzel, After Ocean Park was established as a top resort in the country during the first three decades of the 20 th century, the 1930s were a turning point for the future of Ocean Park. The Depression Era made the Ocean Park amusements and summer homes obsolete. People sold their beach cottages at depressed prices. The neighborhood had been developed to cater to the leisure activities of the middle and upper classes and to the people working in this industry. Without the crowds of vacationers, Ocean Park s reputation dwindled as a desirable place. Real estate development virtually ceased after the early 1930s, and hardly any new architecture was produced between 1935 and the early 1950s. The Sanborn map of 1952 shows that little had changed since 1931, except in a few residential areas [such as the Fountain Tract]. 5 Therefore, as relates to the subject property, the 1937 relocation of the Craftsman bungalow from th Street to in Ocean Park would have been considered unusual, both because it occurred during the Depression and because there were few available 4 Ingersoll, Luther A. Ingersoll s Century History: Santa Monica Bay Cities. Page Wenzel, Karen M. The Impact of Historic Preservation on Land Use Planning in Ocean Park, Santa Monica, California. Page 43. Landmark Assessment Report Page 4

5 vacant parcels in the majority of Ocean Park by that time. After World War II and through the 1960s, numerous single-family dwellings and bungalow courts were replaced by larger apartment buildings. This pattern of development has resulted in an Ocean Park characterized by a diverse architectural legacy in terms of the ages, styles and building types it contains. Eventually, economic, social, and population trends evolved in the area such that short-term accommodations became longer-term residences for professionals, blue-collar workers, retirees, and others, especially following World War II until the early 1960s. Starting at the time, the city s Redevelopment Agency identified eight contiguous blocks in Ocean Park between Ocean Park Boulevard on the north, Marine Street (city limits) on the south, the old Pacific Electric right-of-way (renamed Nielson Way) on the east, and the Speedway (now Barnard Way) on the west to be razed for new multi-story residential construction. In addition, during this period, all of the improved parcels containing beach-facing residential and commercial buildings west of Ocean Avenue and the Speedway to the beach from Bay Street to the city limits were cleared for public parks. As part of their efforts at urban renewal, the city sought to arrest the perceived seediness around the failed Pacific Ocean Park. It moved out approximately ten percent of the residents of Ocean Park and two hundred businesses to make way for two seventeen-story apartment towers, known as the Santa Monica Shores. Grassroots political activism that grew out of the local resident opposition to the city s aggressive urban renewal was able to halt some later large projects that would have destroyed many smaller homes and apartments. The issues they brought to the table, including preserving a smaller-scale lifestyle and respect for the environment, were crucial to later public battles over the future of Santa Monica redevelopment. As a result of the city s redevelopment efforts, it appears that Ocean Park s only remaining concentration of early twentieth century beach dwellings located west of Neilson Way are the four blocks situated between Hollister Avenue and the north side of Ocean Park Boulevard (identified as the South Beach Historic District). The subject residence at 642 Kensington Road is not located in the South Beach Historic District. As relates to dwelling relocations in Ocean Park, historical evidence suggests that the greatest impetus was the forced conversion of Ocean Park beach properties from leasehold to fee simple in No other information documenting the movement of dwellings to or within Ocean Park was identified during the current research process th Street Archival tax assessor research reveals that the unimproved parcel located at th Street was owned by Arcadia De Baker in The 1910 Census indicates that Arcadia De Baker 6 Archival Tax Assessor Records, Book 96, Page 2, Block 110, Parcel S. Landmark Assessment Report Page 5

6 was born in 1830 in California and was a widow. The property was sold the following year to Swedish immigrant C.A. Tegner 7 who owned numerous vacant lots along 14 th Street. 8 In 1907, title passed to Mrs. E.W. Marshall who held title to the property for only one year. 9 Notably, it was during Mrs. Marshall s ownership that the subject dwelling was originally constructed with a valuation of $700 according to archival tax assessor records. 10 Unfortunately, census research revealed no information about Mrs. Marshall. Note that the 1909 Santa Monica Sanborn maps, which would have verified the existence of Mrs. Marshall s bungalow, do not include the blocks of 14 th Street north of Arizona Avenue where th Street is located. In 1908, the property was in the name of L.W. Woods of whom no information was found. 11 In 1909, Oscar Barrett became the property owner, which he remained for the next nine years. 12 Mr. Barrett was a stationary engine engineer. 13 During the time of Barrett s ownership, city directories indicate that Mrs. Ida Harrison resided at the dwelling. Barrett sold the property to Joseph B. Glanville in Glanville lived in the bungalow for approximately two years, Charles E. Salisbury owned the property in 1920, selling it to Hattie Mae Shelton in By 1924, the property was recorded under the name of Hattie s husband, William C. Shelton (no occupation listed). 17 Between 1921 and 1925, Stephen L. and May (Mary) M. Locke rented the house. Mr. Locke appears to have been a taxi driver and in 1925, Mrs. Locke was noted as a milliner. The property s title changed yet again in 1926 with Luvena Breese becoming the new owner. 18 In 1927, the property was unoccupied. In 1927, the property was unoccupied. In 1928, Mr. and Mrs. Myron E. Becker and Mr. and Mrs. Roscoe H. Becker were the renters of th Street. 19 Myron was a general laborer and Roscoe was a carpenter. According to the city directories, the house was again vacant between 1930 and However, the 1930 Census shows that Ernestine Francom was renting this house. 20 A native of Utah, Ms. Francom was living at this address with her 15-year old son Hubert and 11-year old daughter Ernestine, as 7 United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth Census of the United States, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, T625_116 rolls. 8 Archival Tax Assessor Records, Book 96, Page 2, Block 110, Parcel S. 9 Ibid. 10 Ibid. 11 Ibid. 12 Archival Tax Assessor Records, Book 326, Page 5, Block 110, Parcel S. 13 United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Thirteenth Census of the United States, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, T624_87 rolls. 14 Archival Tax Assessor Records, Book 326, Page 5, Block 110, Parcel S. 15 Ibid. 16 Ibid. 17 Ibid. United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth Census of the United States, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, T625_116 rolls. 18 Archival Tax Assessor Records, Book 326, Page 5, Block 110, Parcel S. 19 Santa Monica, Venice, Ocean Park, Sawtelle, and Brentwood City Directory, Los Angeles Directory Company, Los Angeles, Bay Cities Directory. Los Angeles Directory Company, Los Angeles, Landmark Assessment Report Page 6

7 well as her father, Hubert L. Hall. Louis P. and Annabelle Heckel lived here in No occupation was listed for either Mr. or Mrs. Heckel. The 1936 city directory shows that Luvena Breese was married to Guy A. Breese, who was in the real estate business. They resided at rd Street in Santa Monica (not at th Street, which Luvena had purchased in 1926 and that they operated as a rental). Significantly, Mrs. Breese was the registered owner in 1937 when the subject dwelling was removed from the property to be replaced by a two-story Spanish Colonial Revival style triplex. Based upon this evidence and information detailed below, it appears that a Mr. William McEwan obtained the subject dwelling from Mrs. Breese in McEwan then had the bungalow moved to a vacant parcel owned by his father at in Ocean Park. 22 Once the subject dwelling had been removed from the parcel at th Street in 1937, Mrs. Breese hired contractor William C. Carter to erect a two-story Spanish Colonial Revival style triplex near the front of the lot for an approximate cost of $10, The motivation for the construction of an apartment building on what had previously been a single-family parcel was surely the lot s proximity to the burgeoning commercial activities along Wilshire Boulevard, which had become too valuable to justify retaining the original bungalow at this location. That would explain why the subject dwelling was transferred to William McEwan, moved off the site, and replaced by a triplex. As to why McEwan chose to relocate a 30-year-old bungalow a considerable distance of almost two miles instead of constructing a new house on his father s Ocean Park lot, perhaps, given the difficult economic times, it was simply more economical to do so. Or, it is conceivable that McEwan was attracted to the Craftsman bungalow s quality of design and workmanship, which would have been expensive to replicate in It is all conjecture at this point. The 1938 city directory lists three occupants of the newly constructed triplex: Mrs. Luvina Breese herself at 1227, Mr. Charles Carsen at 1227a, and H.F. Beicher at 1227b. Ms. Breese continued to own the property until 1939 when her daughter, Gladys Breese, and Lottie Boone, executor, were identified as the property owners (suggesting that title passed following the death of Luvena Breese). 24 In 1949, tax assessor records and visual inspection confirm that a Minimal Traditional style fourplex was built at the rear of the th Street property behind the triplex that had been constructed in On June 23 rd 1937, William W. McEwan paid approximately $600 to relocate the subject 21 Santa Monica, Venice, Ocean Park, Sawtelle, and Brentwood Heights City Directory, Los Angeles Directory Company, Los Angeles, Archival Tax Assessor records indicate that the value of the unimproved property in 1937 was $420. The following year, in 1938, the land value remained at $420 with the addition of improvements (i.e. the relocated bungalow) valued at $ Building permit 158 dated Ibid. Landmark Assessment Report Page 7

8 bungalow located at th Street to a vacant parcel at. 25 Archival tax assessor records confirm that the vacant parcel had been purchased in 1925 by Duncan S. McEwan, William s father, 26 from the Hellman Commercial Trust & Savings Bank for approximately $420. Sanborn maps and archival tax assessor records indicate that the lot remained vacant until the subject dwelling was placed on the parcel in Approximately two months after the bungalow had been moved to its current location, electricity to the house was connected. 27 Title to the property passed from father to son in William McEwan, identified as a painter in the 1938 city directory, and his wife Helen continued to own the residence at until approximately ; however, the McEwans operated the bungalow as a rental starting in From 1940 until , the house was occupied by the Timmermeyer family. 31 Mr. Leo T. Timmermeyer was a manager at (or of) the Samuel Pello grocery in The 1940 Census data confirm the city directory data; also in the house were sons Leo T. Jr., Ronald E., and John J. 32 Also at this residence was Raleigh (or Anleigh) Ellis, who was likely a cousin of Mrs. (Da Onne) Timmermeyer. All three Timmermeyer children were born in Colorado and a review of the 1930 Census data shows that Leo T. Timmermeyer was in Denver, employed as the manager of a grocery at the time. 33 In , Mrs. Fay H. Sorensen lived in this house. 34 Mrs. Sorensen, who worked at a clerk at Douglas, originally rented this property, but at the time of the publication of the city directory, she was the owner and may have been retired, as no occupation is listed. 35 In 1960, Mildred Carrier was living at. 36 Person(s) of Historical Importance Background research on the residents and owners of th Street and 642 Kensington Road provided no evidence suggesting that any of the property owners or residents were persons of local historical importance. Most, even when identified as owners, had a brief association with the house. Statement of Other Significance 25 Building permit Dwlg. moved from th St. Cash Bond #2508. Cost: $ United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, T626, 2,667 rolls. 27 Department of Electricity permit August 21 st, Archival Tax Assessor Records. 29 Ibid , city directories. 31 Ibid. 32 Ibid. 33 Year: 1930; Census Place: Denver, Denver, Colorado; Roll: 238; Page: 13A; Enumeration District: 132; Image: 493.0; FHL microfilm: Santa Monica City Directory, including Brentwood Heights and Ocean Park, Santa Monica City Directory, Santa Monica City Directory, Landmark Assessment Report Page 8

9 The property does not appear to meet criteria for high artistic value as it is defined in the National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Though it does reflect the characteristics of an Asian-inspired eclectic Craftsman style bungalow it does not fully epitomize the design principles of the style so that it expresses an aesthetic ideal. High-style examples of this variation include dark wood details, fascia with a pinched apex detail, unpainted or stained timber elements, false screens, and stained glass windows. None of these elements are present. Furthermore, while use of leaded glass in the upper panes of windows was not unusual for houses built in the early years of the 20 th century, the Queen Anne style of these panes seems out of character for an Asianinfluenced design. No other evidence was discovered in current research of the property to indicate other significance. Is the Structure Representative of a Style in the City that Is No Longer Prevalent? The Craftsman bungalow style is prevalent in the City; due to its high integrity and level of refinement, the subject property remains an uncommon example of a common style prevalent in the architectural history of Santa Monica. Does the Structure Contribute to a Potential Historic District? There is no potential historic district in the immediate vicinity due to the heterogeneous nature of architectural styles represented there. CONCLUSION In summary, based on current research and the above assessment, the property located at 642 Kensington Road appears to meet several City of Santa Monica Landmark criteria. The property was evaluated according to statutory criteria as follows: Landmark Criteria (a)(1) It exemplifies, symbolizes, or manifests elements of the cultural, social, economic, political or architectural history of the City. The property located at is a highly intact example of the Asianinfluenced, eclectic variant of the Craftsman architectural style as applied to a singlefamily residence. Given that it is an uncommon variant of a common architectural style, the dwelling represents an important component of the City s architectural history from a particular time period, the first decade of the 20 th century, regardless of its relocation in the 1930s. Therefore, the subject property appears to satisfy this criterion (a)(2) It has aesthetic or artistic interest or value, or other noteworthy interest or value. Although a highly intact example of the Asian-inspired, eclectic variant of the Craftsman Landmark Assessment Report Page 9

10 architectural style, it does not rise to a sufficient level of aesthetic or artistic value to qualify for designation under this criterion (a)(3) It is identified with historic personages or with important events in local, state or national history. In conducting the background research, the data did not reveal any information on any of the property s owners and/or occupants to indicate historical significance or notability. Therefore, the subject property does not appear to satisfy this criterion (a)(4) It embodies distinguishing architectural characteristics valuable to a study of a period, style, method of construction, or the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship, or is a unique or rare example of an architectural design, detail or historical type valuable to such a study. This property displays the character-defining features associated with eclectic variations of the Craftsman style, in this case, the flared eaves with notched rafter tails and the ornamental brackets and porch posts. The key features of the Craftsman style are present: the frontgabled roof with wide overhanging eaves and exposed rafters, louvered vents in the gable ends, clapboard siding, wood framed windows, projecting front porch supported by wood posts and clapboard sided balustrade. Remarkably, given that the property was physically moved almost two miles, it retains integrity to its 1907 construction with a modest addition to the rear of the dwelling. This was confirmed during visual inspection of the property. Therefore, the property appears to satisfy this criterion (a)(5) It is a significant or a representative example of the work or product of a notable builder, designer or architect. The property does not appear to meet this criterion. As stated above, no information on the architect or builder was discovered during the current survey process (a)(6) It has a unique location, a singular physical characteristic, or is an established and familiar visual feature of a neighborhood, community or the City. The subject property is located on the north side of Kensington Road in a neighborhood containing a wide variety of residences of dissimilar scale, massing, and proportion. Further, the subject property does not necessarily stand out amongst its neighbors as a unique or especially familiar feature of the neighborhood. Therefore, it does not satisfy this criterion. Landmark Assessment Report Page 10

11 Year Entry 1917 (1227 Mrs. Ida Harrison NOL 14 th Street) Glanville, Joseph B. NOL CITY DIRECTORY RESEARCH th Street Locke, Stephen L. Auto Operator Locke, and May M., NOL Locke, Stephen L., Auto Livery, 212 Santa Monica Boulevard May M Locke, Stephen L., Auto Livery, no address Locke, May M., Millinery 1927 Vacant 1928 Becker, Myron E., laborer Becker, Carrie, NOL Becker, Roscoe H., carpenter Becker, Eleanor H., NOL Vacant 1933 Vacant 1936 Heckel, Louis P., NOL Heckel, Annabelle, NOL 1938 (642 Kensington Road) McEwan, William W., painter McEwan, Helen, NOL 1940 Timmermeyer, Leo T., Manager, Samuel Pello Timmermeyer, Da Onne, NOL Timmermeyer, Louis T., carpenter Timmermeyer, Belle, NOL Timmermeyer, Sally, student Sorensen, Fay H. (Mrs.), clerk at Douglas 1954 Sorensen, Fay H. (Mrs.), clerk at Douglas Sorensen, Fay H., NOL Carrier, Mildred, NOL Note: NOL = No Occupation Listed Landmark Assessment Report Page 11

12 BIBLIOGRAPHY Basten, Fred E. Santa Monica Bay The First 100 Years. Los Angeles: Douglas-West Publishers, Santa Monica Bay: Paradise By the Sea. Santa Monica: Hennessey + Ingalls Wardway Homes, Bungalows and Cottages, Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, Inc., Santa Monica Historical Resources Inventory, Phase I: Prepared by Paul Gleye and Leslie Heumann, Santa Monica Historical Resources Inventory, Phase II: Prepared by Johnson Heumann Research Associates, Historic District Application for the 3 rd Street Neighborhood in Ocean Park, Santa Monica, CA, Volume II, City of Santa Monica Building and Safety Department. Building Permits. Gebhard, David and Robert Winter. Architecture in Los Angeles. Salt Lake City, Utah: Gibbs Smith Books, Ingersoll, Luther A. Ingersoll s Century History: Santa Monica Bay Cities. Los Angeles: Luther A. Ingersoll, Los Angeles County Tax Assessor. Property Information Records. McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. Washington DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Interagency Resources Division, National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 16a: How to Complete the National Register Registration Form. Washington DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Interagency Resources Division, National Park Service. National Register Bulletin 24: Technical Information on Comprehensive Planning, Survey of Cultural Resources, and Registration in the National Register of Historic Places. Washington DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Interagency Resources Division, Office of Historic Preservation. Instructions for Recording Historical Resources. Sacramento: Department of Parks and Recreation, Office of Historic Preservation, March Santa Monica, et al, City Directory. Los Angeles, CA: S & K Publications. Various dates.

13 Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps, City of Santa Monica. Santa Monica Public Library, Santa Monica Index. Santa Monica Public Library Image Archives. Stevenson, Katherine Cole and H. Ward Jandl. House By Mail, A Guide to Houses from Sears, Robebuck and Company. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Warren, Charles S. ed. History of the Santa Monica Bay Region. Santa Monica: Cawston, Santa Monica Blue Book. Santa Monica: Cawston, Santa Monica Community Book. Santa Monica: Cawston, 1944 Wenzel, Karen M. The Impact of Historic Preservation on Land Use Planning in Ocean Park, Santa Monica, California. Thesis M.A. Geography. California State University Northridge, June, White, Col. Carl F. ed. Santa Monica Community Book (Fifth Edition). Santa Monica: Cawston, Wilson, Henry L. California Bungalows of the Twenties. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1993.

14 Attachments Assessor Report Sanborn Maps Photos

15 Assessor Report

16 Sanborn Map 1918 ( th Street)

17 Sanborn Map 1950 ( th Street)

18 Sanborn Map 1918 ()

19 Sanborn Map 1950 ()

20 Photos. Looking west towards the primary façade and front lawn. Close up view of porch and roof details

21 . View of the residence, looking south.. View of the residence, looking west.

22 th Street. Erected View of the triplex, looking northeast th Street. Erected View of the rear fourplex, looking northeast.

23 14 th Street looking northeast towards Wilshire Boulevard th Street on right. 14 th Street looking southeast towards Arizona Avenue th Street on far left.