Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report and Documentation Report Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes

Transcription

1 Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes 590 Winchester Road East Part of Lots 8 and 9, Concession VI, City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Ministry of Transportation Site Number CM-21 Pin No Located in the Central Mainline of the Proposed 407 East Transportation Corridor Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Owner s Engineer Assignment Prepared for: Delcan Corporation (Head Office) 625 Cochrane Drive, Suite 500 Markham, ON L3R 9R9 Tel.: Fax: ASI File 11EA-159 August 2011 (November 2011)

2 Built Heritage Resources and Cultural Heritage Landscapes 590 Winchester Road East Part of Lots 8 and 9, Concession VI, City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Ministry of Transportation Site Number CM-21 Pin No Located in the Central Mainline of the Proposed 407 East Transportation Corridor Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Owner s Engineer Assignment EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Archaeological Services Inc. (ASI) was contracted by Delcan Corporation, Markham, to complete a Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report (CHER) and Heritage Documentation for the property at 590 Winchester Road East (CM21) in the City of Oshawa, as part of the Central Mainline of the proposed Highway 407 East Transportation Corridor, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario. Background historical research, field survey activities, and site analysis were undertaken to evaluate the property s cultural heritage value and to complete a heritage documentation of the subject resource. Outputs of the documentation process, including photographic plates, photographic key plans, overall dimensional measurements of exteriors of built heritage resources; overall dimensional measurements of built heritage resource interiors; identification of cultural heritage landscape features; and site context plans, are provided in Appendix A. Appendix B provides a summary of materials that may be appropriate for salvage activities. This list includes elements that contribute to the cultural heritage value of the resource, as well as older or historic materials, that may be appropriate for incorporation into other historic structures or landscapes. Based on the results of archival research, a field review, and heritage evaluation, the property at 590 Winchester Road East in the City of Oshawa was determined to retain moderate to high cultural heritage value following application of Regulation 9/06 of the Ontario Heritage Act. Application of Regulation 10/06 confirmed that the subject property was not determined to be of provincial significance at this time. Its moderate to high heritage significance revolves around its historic, contextual and design-related values. Given that the subject property was determined to retain moderate to high cultural heritage significance, the preservation/retention of the resource on site is recommended. The subject cultural heritage resource located at 590 Winchester Road East is expected to be impacted by the Highway 407 EA-approved alignment. Based on preliminary designs of the approved alignment, the subject resource is expected to be impacted through partial displacement due to the highway right-of-way. While portions of the overall subject property will be left unimpacted, the core of the farm complex, including the built heritage resources will be displaced by the approved right-of-way. As a result, the following recommendations have been made based on the determined heritage values of the resource and in consideration of overall impacts to the property:

3 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page iii 1. To ensure that the structure does not succumb to vandalism, premature decay, and/or arson, the following measures should be undertaken immediately to mitigate negative impacts given that the structure is vacant: a) Prepare a condition assessment of the building. A structural engineer can be consulted in this regard to assess any required repairs that need to be undertaken to stabilize the building in the short and long term; b) Based on the results of the condition assessment, stabilize identified components of the building; c) Examine the interior of the building for evidence of animals and/or insects. If detected, seal off access to the structure and exterminate if necessary; d) Protect the exterior from moisture penetration. As such, roofing materials, foundation, and window treatments should be examined by a qualified contractor in this regard; e) All main floor windows and entrance ways should be boarded up and securely locked; f) Exterior doors should be reinforced with full, non-removal locking mechanisms; g) Ensure that adequate ventilation to the interior is maintained. A mechanical engineer should be consulted to ensure that a suitable interior climate is achieved; and h) It is recommended that the property be visited on a frequent basis. Volunteers, including heritage stakeholders, may be consulted in this regard. 2. Investigate the feasibility of relocating the cultural heritage resource to a new location on its current site. If it is determined that it is not feasible to undertake such a mitigation strategy in a manner that conserves the heritage character of the resource and in a manner consistent with public safety, it is recommended that the subject resource be relocated to a new nearby site in a manner that makes limited to minimal changes to its heritage character. Such a mitigation strategy would include development of a relocation plan which would lay out the actions required and responsibilities of stakeholders in order to relocate and re-use the resource. 3. If it is determined that the subject resource will not be relocated and adaptively re-used, landscape features and building remnants should be retained where possible, and a commemoration strategy developed, to evidence historic uses and contextual values, recognizing the role that land and place play in expressing the heritage significance of this resource. 4. Should relocation of the resource not be feasible, and where demolition activities are anticipated, a salvage plan should be implemented. Appendix B provides a summary of materials that may be considered for salvage activities. This summary of materials includes elements identified as contributing to the heritage value of the resource, as well as materials that may be appropriate for incorporation into existing built heritage resources or cultural heritage landscapes. Demolition and salvage activities should be monitored by a qualified professional for documenting any additional features uncovered

4 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page iv during the demolition process. Additionally, if any old documents are found during the course of demolition, such as old newspapers, land deeds, letters, photographs, et cetera, these should be filed with the City of Oshawa; and 5. Finally, this report should be submitted to the Heritage Committee at the City of Oshawa for review and comment, and subsequently filed and archived with the City.

5 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page v ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES INC. BUILT HERITAGE AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE PLANNING DIVISION PROJECT PERSONNEL Senior Project Manager Project Director: Project Manager: Cultural Heritage Specialist: Robert I. MacDonald, PhD, RPA Partner & Senior Archaeologist Rebecca Sciarra, MA, CAHP Cultural Heritage Specialist Manager, Built Heritage and Cultural Landscape Planning Division Lindsay Popert, MA, CAHP Cultural Heritage Specialist Lindsay Popert Annie Veilleux, Hon. BA Cultural Heritage Specialist Archival Research Project Coordinator: Project Administrator Report Preparation: Lindsay Popert Sarah Jagelewski, Hon. BA Research Archaeologist Carol Bella, Hon. BA Research Archaeologist Zeeshan Abedin, MA Staff Archaeologist Lindsay Popert Annie Veilleux Graphics Preparation: Zeeshan Abedin Sarina Finlay, Hon. BA GIS/CAD Technician Annie Veilleux Report Reviewer: Rebecca Sciarra

6 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page vi TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... ii PROJECT PERSONNEL... v TABLE OF CONTENTS... vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION CONTEXT AND METHODOLOGY Provincial Policy Framework Cultural Heritage Glossary of Terms Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report Cultural Heritage Documentation Report Municipal Consultation and Recognition HISTORICAL CONTEXT AND CONSTRUCTION Introduction Township Survey and Settlement Columbus Land Use History Present Land Use History Summary EXISTING CONDITIONS Architectural Features Residence: Exterior Description Residence: Interior Description Outbuilding Description Context and Landscape Features HERITAGE EVALUTION OF 590 WINCHESTER ROAD EAST CONCLUSIONS Summary Statement of Cultural Heritage Value RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES APPENDIX A: HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION OUTPUTS...26 Appendix A-1: Photographic Plates APPENDIX B: SUMMARY OF SALVAGEABLE ELEMENTS LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location of study area in the City of Oshawa, Ontario Figure 2: Approximate location of the study area in the former Township of Whitby East, Figure 3: Approximate location of the study area in the former Township of Whitby East, Figure 4: Approximate location of the study area in the former Township of East Whitby, Figure 5: An aerial view of the subject property Figure 6: Site context plan showing cultural heritage landscape features Figure 7: Photographic key plan of landscape, exterior elevations of structures, and outbuilding interior Figure 8: Southern elevation of the residence showing the location of detail photography Figure 9: Eastern elevation of residence showing location of detail photography Figure 10: Northern elevation of residence showing location of detail photography...31 Figure 11: Western elevation of residence showing location of detail photography Figure 12: West elevation of nineteenth-century stone barn foundations showing location of detail photography Figure 13: South elevation of the twentieth-century barn showing the location of detail photography Figure 14: East elevation of the twentieth-century barn showing the location of detail photography

7 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page vii Figure 15: Floor plan of basement of residential built heritage resource showing photograph locations and overall dimensions of the exterior and interior principle areas Figure 16: Floor plan of main floor of residential built heritage resource showing photograph locations and overall dimensions of the exterior and interior principle rooms Figure 17: Floor plan of second floor of residential built heritage resource showing photograph locations and overall dimensions of the exterior and interior principle rooms Figure 18: Floor plan of the lower level of the nineteenth-century barn remnants showing overall (approximate) exterior dimensions Figure 19: Floor plan of the lower level of the twentieth-century barn showing overall exterior dimensions LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/ Table 2: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 10/ Table 3: Measurements of Structural Openings of Built Heritage Resources...41

8 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page INTRODUCTION Archaeological Services Inc. (ASI) was contracted by Delcan Corporation, Markham, to complete a Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report (CHER) and Heritage Documentation for the property on Part of Lots 8 and 9, Concession VI, in the City of Oshawa, as part of the Central Mainline of the proposed Highway 407 East Transportation Corridor, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario (Figure 1). In the Built Heritage Impact Assessment of the Recommended Design 407 East Environmental Assessment (URS & UMA 2009, updated in 2010 by URS, UMA and ASI), 590 Winchester Road (CM21) is identified as a cultural heritage landscape that will be subject to partial displacement due to the highway right-of-way. As such, the completion of a CHER is required. Further information is provided in Section 6.0: Built Heritage Net Effects (URS & UMA 2009; URS, UMA & ASI 2010:19-20): Further investigation including the completion of Cultural Heritage Evaluation Reports (CHERs) will be required to determine the heritage value of these properties before recommendations for mitigation can be provided. Specifically, resources that lie within the transportation corridor that are found to be significant would be considered for relocation, or for documentation and removal. Adverse effects on properties due to proximity may be mitigated by design features and landscape elements to screen the most disruptive features of the transportation corridor. Figure 1: Location of study area in the City of Oshawa, Ontario. Base Map: NTS Sheet 30 M/15 (Oshawa)

9 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 2 This research was conducted under the project direction of Rebecca A. Sciarra, Manager of the Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscape Planning Division. Research was completed to investigate and document the cultural heritage resources within the study area. This document will provide: a description of the cultural heritage resource(s), including location, a detailed land use history of the site and existing conditions; (Sections 3.0 and 4.0) a description of the site s cultural heritage value as based on archival research, site analysis, and provincially accepted criteria for establishing cultural heritage significance (Sections 5.0 and 6.0); appropriate conservation measures and mitigation strategies, as based on the results of the heritage evaluation (Section 7.0); outputs of heritage documentation activities (Appendix A); and a summary of material that may be suitable for salvage activities (Appendix B). 2.0 CONTEXT AND METHODOLOGY 2.1 Provincial Policy Framework The present report has been undertaken to satisfy heritage mitigation measures recommended as part of the Built Heritage Impact Assessment of the Recommended Design: 407 East Environmental Assessment (URS & UMA 2009; URS, UMA & ASI 2010). Pursuant to the Environmental Assessment Act, applicable infrastructure projects are subject to assessment so as to determine related impacts on above ground cultural heritage resources (MTO 2006). Infrastructure projects have the potential to impact cultural heritage resources in a variety of ways. These include loss or displacement of resources through removal or demolition and the disruption of resources by introducing physical, visual, audible or atmospheric elements that are not in keeping with the resources and/or their setting. In Built Heritage Impact Assessment of the Recommended Design: 407 East Environmental Assessment completed by 2009 (URS & UMA) and updated in 2010 (URS, UMA & ASI), the Recommended Design for the transportation corridor was evaluated to confirm and document potential effects, mitigation or compensation measures, and associated net effects in accordance with the MTOs Environmental Reference for Highway Design (MTO 2006). When considering cultural heritage resources in the context of improvements to specified areas, a 40 year old threshold is used as a guiding principle when identifying cultural heritage resources. While identification of a resource that is 40 years old or older does not confer outright heritage significance, this threshold provides a means to collect information about resources that may retain heritage value. Similarly, if a resource is slightly younger than 40 years old, this does not preclude the resource from retaining heritage value. The analysis used throughout the cultural heritage resource assessment process addresses cultural heritage resources under various pieces of legislation and their supporting guidelines: Environmental Assessment Act (R.S.O. 1990, Chapter E.18) o Guideline for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Resource Component of Environmental Assessments (MCC MOE 1992) o Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments (MCR MOE 1981)

10 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 3 Ontario Heritage Act (R.S.O. 1990, Chapter O.18) and a number of guidelines and reference documents prepared by the Ministry of Tourism and Culture (MTC): o Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Provincial Heritage Properties (MTC 2010) o Ontario Heritage Tool Kit (MCL 2006) Planning Act (R.S.O. 1990, Chapter P.13) and the 2005 Provincial Policy Statement The Ministry of Transportation has provided a number of technical and reference documents to ensure that cultural heritage resource management is integrated into the design and construction process: o Environmental Reference for Highway Design (2006) o Environmental Standards and Practices User Guide (2006) o Cultural Heritage Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes: Technical Requirements for Environmental Impact Study and Environmental Protection/Mitigation (2006) o Environmental Guide for Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (2007) o Ontario Heritage Bridge Guidelines for Provincially-Owned Bridges (MTO and the MCL 2007) 2.2 Cultural Heritage Glossary of Terms The following section provides definitions and terms considered throughout the cultural heritage assessment process. Alter Built Heritage Resource Cultural Heritage Landscape Cultural Heritage Resource Change in any manner and includes to restore, renovate, repair or disturb (MTC 2010). One or more significant buildings (including fixtures or equipment located in or forming part of a building), structures, monuments, installations, or remains associated with architectural, cultural, social, political, economic or military history and identified as being important to a community (MTC 2010). A defined geographical area of heritage significance that has been modified by human activities. Such an area is valued by a community, and is of significance to the understanding of the history of a people or place. Examples include farmscapes, historic settlements, parks, gardens, battlefields, mainstreets and neighbourhoods, cemeteries, trailways, and industrial complexes of cultural heritage value (Provincial Policy Statement, MMAH 2005). Any resource or feature of archaeological, historical, cultural, or traditional use significance. This may include archaeological resources, built heritage or cultural heritage landscapes (MCL 2006). Displacement The removal by demolition and/or disruption by isolation (MTO 2007: 11) Disruption The introduction of physical, visual, audible or atmospheric elements that are not in keeping with the character and setting of the cultural

11 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 4 heritage resources (MTO 2007:11). Heritage Attributes Physical features or elements that contribute to a property s cultural heritage value or interest and may include the property s built or manufactured elements, as well as natural landforms, vegetation, water features and its visual setting (MTC 2010). Visual Setting Views or vistas to or from a heritage property (MTC 2010). 2.3 Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report Cultural Heritage Evaluation Reports are prepared for cultural heritage resources potentially affected by proposed construction during the detailed design phase. Cultural Heritage Evaluation Reports are typically required based on recommendations outlined in the Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment Report (Ministry of Transportation 2007). The scope of a Cultural Heritage Evaluation Report (CHER) is outlined in the Environmental Guide for Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (2007), section Generally, CHERs include the following components: A general description of the history of the study area as well as a detailed historical summary of property ownership and building(s) development; A description of the cultural heritage landscape and built heritage resources; Representative photographs of the exterior and interior of a building or structure, and characterdefining architectural details; A cultural heritage resource evaluation guided by the Ontario Heritage Act criteria; A summary of heritage attributes; Historical mapping, photographs; and A location plan. Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06 provides a set of criteria, grouped into the following categories which determine the cultural heritage value or interest of a potential heritage resource in a municipality: i) Design/Physical Value; ii) Historical/Associative Value; and iii) Contextual Value. Should the potential built heritage resource meet one or more of the above mentioned criteria and when there is no longer provincial ownership, the heritage property may be considered for designation under the Ontario Heritage Act. Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 10/06 provides a set of criteria for determining cultural heritage value or interest of provincial significance. The criteria, listed below, consider the cultural heritage resource in a provincial context: i) The property represents or demonstrates a theme or pattern in Ontario s history; ii) The property yields, or has the potential to yield, information that contributes to an understanding of Ontario s history; iii) The property demonstrates an uncommon, rare or unique aspect of Ontario s cultural heritage;

12 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 5 iv) The property is of aesthetic, visual or contextual importance to the province; v) The property demonstrates a high degree of excellence or creative, technical or scientific achievement at a provincial level in a given period; vi) The property has a strong or special association with the entire province or with a community that is found in more than one part of the province. The association exists for historic, social, or cultural reasons or because of traditional use; and vii) The property has a strong or special association with the life or work of a person, group or organization of importance to the province or with an event of importance to the province. Should the potential heritage resource meet one or more of the above mentioned criteria and when there is no longer provincial ownership, the heritage property may be considered for designation under section 34.5 of the Ontario Heritage Act. Archival research was carried out by ASI to examine the land use history of the subject site and to determine the significance of the property s design and contextual value within the context of nineteenth century trends in residential design and historical development patterns within the former Township of East Whitby. A field review was then carried out to conduct photographic documentation and to collect on-site data necessary for establishing the site s heritage significance. 2.4 Cultural Heritage Documentation Report Where a resource is to be relocated or demolished, full historical research, photographic and map recording and documentation of the resource to be displaced or disrupted should be undertaken. Documentation of the subject resource to be impacted by the undertaking was undertaken to include the following components and information: A general description of the study area as well as a detailed historical summary of property ownership and building development; Description of the interior and exterior of buildings; Overall dimensional measurements of the exterior of residential and agricultural built heritage resources, as well as interior floor plans and overall dimensional measurements of principle rooms of residential built heritage resources. For the purposes of this assignment, barns and outbuildings were not subject to generation of interior measurements and generation of floor plans due to technical feasibility and health and safety issues. It should be noted that these plans also identify known additions that have been determined to be non-contributory to the heritage value of the resource. Each floor plan should be read individually and identified additions should not be extrapolated to different floors; Representative photographs of the exterior of built heritage resources; Detail photography of character-defining architectural resources or elements on the exterior and interior of a built heritage resource; Photographic key plans of the exterior and interior of a built heritage resource; A physical description of the cultural heritage landscape; Representative photographs of the cultural heritage landscape and cultural heritage landscape features; Photographic key plan of landscape features; and A site plan showing cultural heritage landscape features and built heritage resources. Research carried out for the purposes of establishing the resource s cultural heritage significance was utilized to provide a description of the site s land use history. Additionally, field survey data collected to

13 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 6 establish the site s cultural heritage significance was employed to describe the existing conditions of the property. Field survey activities carried out by ASI were utilized to conduct photographic documentation, hand measurements, and textual data collection necessary to carry out heritage documentation activities, the results of which are provided in Appendix A. Based on the results of heritage evaluation, site analysis, and heritage documentation activities, a list of materials which may be appropriate for salvage activities was tabulated. The proposed list of salvageable materials includes, but may not be limited to, elements that contribute to the cultural heritage value of the resource, as well as older or historic materials, that may be appropriate for incorporation into other historic structures or landscapes. 2.5 Municipal Consultation and Recognition As part of ASI s background research, the City of Oshawa s Heritage Inventory was reviewed. 1 The subject property is listed on the City of Oshawa s inventory of heritage properties. 3.0 HISTORICAL CONTEXT AND CONSTRUCTION 3.1 Introduction A review of available primary and secondary source material was undertaken to produce a contextual overview of the study area, including a general description of Euro-Canadian settlement and land-use, and the development of transportation infrastructure. The following section provides the results of this research. The subject property is located on part Lots 8 and 9, Concession VI in the former Township of East Whitby, County of Ontario, and presently the City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham. The farm complex is located at the southern edge of the Lot and will be the focus of this study. The property is currently unoccupied (as of July 2011) and features and one-and-a-half storey dwelling, one barn, barn ruins, and a number of cultural landscape features. The property is located in close proximity to the community of Columbus, a historical settlement that developed at the intersection of Columbus Road West and Simcoe Street North, just north of the subject property. 3.2 Township Survey and Settlement The study area is located in the former Township of East Whitby, County of Ontario. The County of Ontario was granted independent county status in The Township of East Whitby was created in 1858 by severing Lots 1 to 17 from the Township of Whitby. Kingston Road was pivotal in the early settlement of the Townships of Whitby and East Whitby. The Township was surveyed in the early 1790s when it was part of the original Township of Whitby. The Township of East Whitby consisted of several smaller communities including the Villages of Oshawa, Raglan, Columbus, Harmony, Foley, Taunton and Cedardale. Through a series of annexation during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the Township of East Whitby is now part of the City of Oshawa (City of Oshawa [ ]). 1 The Heritage Inventory for the City of Oshawa can be found on the Heritage Oshawa Website: (accessed July 29, 2011).

14 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page Columbus The community of Columbus was established on part Lots 12 and 13 in Concessions 6 and 7 (Whitby). A post office was opened in the community in August 1847, prior to which the place had been known as English Corners (Rayburn 1997: 77). In 1851, it contained about 300 inhabitants but it was noted that although it was a tolerably thriving settlement it would not do a large business due to its proximity to Oshawa. It was said that it appears to have remained nearly stationary for the last three or four years (Smith 1851: 30; Mackay 1851: 66). 3.3 Land Use History The following land use history is based on a combination of land registry records, historic mapping, census records, assessment/collector rolls, and local history resources where available. For ease of description, this section has been divided into time periods which correspond to property ownership. The subject farm complex is located in the southern half of Lot 8, Concession VI, in the former Township of East Whitby, now in the City of Oshawa. While the farm complex is currently part of a large property which includes the majority of Lot 8 and part of Lot 9, Concession VI, the land use history for Lot 8 was focused on given that this is where the farmstead is located The Crown Patent for Lot 8, Concession VI in the Township of East Whitby was granted in 1802 to H. McDonnell. In 1820, the 200 acre parcel was sold to John Cumming. Three years later, the property was purchased by Hart Logan, and later assumed by James Logan, presumably his son. In 1842, it was purchased by John Woodwork and in 1849, it came into the ownership of Walter Hill. The archival records for this period are limited. However, it was determined that up until 1842, the property owners were most likely land proprietors, rather than settlers. This is confirmed by the 1836 Toronto and Home District Directory (Walton 1836) which shows that James Logan lived in the Township of Pickering at that time. The 1846/7 directory shows that John Woodwork resided on the subject property, and therefore presumably settled the lot around 1842 (Brown 1846/7) Walter Hill owned the subject property from 1849 until No mortgages were accounted for during this period. In 1903, the property was sold to his son-in-law, John A. Nesbitt. The following archival records show that while Mr. Hill owned the subject property, it appears to have been rented out to tenants during the second part of the nineteenth century. According to the 1851 Census Returns (Schedule 2, Page 159) William Goyne was living on and farming the subject property on behalf of Walter Hill. Schedule 2 (Div 1; Page 159) shows that the farm on Lot 8, Concession VI contained 200 acres, of which 120 acres were under cultivation while the remaining 80 acres were wooded/wild. Of the 120 acres, 74 acres were under crop and 45 acres were under pasture, and one acre was orchard/garden. Schedule 1 (Division 1; Page 115) indicates that William Goyne was a 40 year old English farmer who lived with his wife, Betsy, and their seven children: John, 14; May, 13; Caroline, 11; William, 10; Philip, 8; Frances, 7; and Sarah, 2. The four youngest children were born in

15 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 8 Upper Canada, while the eldest were born in England, indicating that the family emigrated to Canada in approximately The family lived in a one storey log house in The 1859 Collector s Roll did not include any information about the Goyne property, possibly because he was a tenant. The record did reveal that Walter Hill lived in a dwelling located on Lot 13, Concession VI, likely within the limits of the hamlet of Columbus. The 1860 Tremaine Map of the County of Ontario clearly illustrates that Walter Hill owned Lot 8 in Concession VI (Figure 2). No features, such as a dwelling, are shown on this map. The 1861 Census Returns and 1861 Collector s Roll confirm that William Goyne was a householder and tenant living on and farming the subject property. The 1861 Collector s Roll record that William was farming 160 acres of land that was valued at $4,100. The Census Returns for that same year (Division 4, Page 49) indicate that William, Betsy and their eight children now lived in a one storey frame house. The 1865 Collector s Roll show that William Goyne continued to farm the subject property and indicated that the property value remained the same. However, by 1871, the tenancy for the subject property had been turned over to William Richardson. According to the 1871 Census Returns (Division 2, Page 17) and the 1871 Collector s Roll, William Richardson was a 42 year old English farmer who lived with his wife, Jane, his widowed father, Thomas and their four children. Richardson farmed a total of 180 acres of land, of which 140 acres were improved. The farm supported eight horses, five cows, 13 cattle, 12 sheep, six swine and two hives of bees. Given that he was a tenant farmer, the number of dwellings and/or barns on the property was not indicated. The Collector s Roll show that the value of the property remained steady at $4,300. The 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario illustrates that Walter Hill remained owner of Lot 8, Concession VI, and shows that a farmhouse was located towards the centre of the lot. The location of the dwelling shown on the 1877 map corresponds to the location of the subject house at 590 Winchester Road East (Figure 3). According to the Atlas, Walter Hill owned just over 400 acres of farmland in the area. The 1881 Collector s Roll recorded that the value of the William Richardson property had increased significantly by this time, to $7,000. By 1886, the Collector s Roll show that a new tenant was farming the property, by the name of William Bond, yeoman. The 1891 Census Returns (Division 3, Page 8) and the 1891 Collector s Roll show that the subject property had continued to increase in value under the tenancy of William Bond to $7600. The Census records that William Bond was a 70 year old farmer who lived with his wife, Harriet, and their two unmarried daughters in a one-and-a-half storey frame house. The 1896 Collector s Roll show that Samuel Bond now farmed the subject property on behalf of Watler Hill. The property was valued at $7600. The 1902 Collector s Roll record that John Albert Nesbitt, a 26 year old yeoman, now farmed the subject property which was valued at $7800. A year later, John Nesbitt purchased the property for $4000 from his father-in-law, Walter Hill.

16 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page Present John Nesbitt, who as mentioned above was Walter Hill s son-in-law, owned the subject property until 1955, at which time it was purchased by his son Russel Scott Nesbitt for $15,000. It remained in the Nesbitt family until 2000, when it was purchased by John and Nancy Williams. It was acquired by the MTO in Topographic mapping from 1930 shows one farmhouse and that a barn was located directly to the east of the dwelling (Figure 4). The structures were at the end of a long driveway that linked the farm complex to Ritson Road. In 1930, Winchester Road East did not cross Ritson Road directly, but instead followed a small jog at Ritson Road likely due to topography. The map also shows that there was a wooded area, possibly an orchard, to the west and south of the dwelling. Around 1930, the first set of hydro-electric power lines were installed to the immediate south of the subject farm complex. In the 1970s, the large hydro corridor just south of the original hydro corridor was constructed. Also around this time, Winchester Road East was straightened out at Ritson Road and the Nesbitts thereafter sold off the southern part of their land, retaining the land to the north of the hydro corridor Land Use History Summary The farm complex at 590 Winchester Road East is located in the northern part of the southern half of Lot 8, Concession VI, towards the centre of the lot, in the former Township of East Whitby, presently in the City of Oshawa. The property was purchased by Walter Hill in 1849 and remained within the Hill/Nesbitt family for the next 150 years. The subject property was one of many farms owned by Walter Hill in the nineteenth century while he resided in nearby Columbus. Research at the Whitby Public Library Archives revealed that Walter Hill was born in 1818 in Cornwall, England, and came to Whitby in He first engaged in the milling business, married Frances Wilcoxson and together they had two sons and five daughters. Mr. Hill died in 1912 at the age of 94 and was a well known and respected resident of the Township of East Whitby (Anon. 1912). Archival records indicate that the property was farmed and occupied by a series of tenants: William Goyne, c.1850 to c. 1863; William Richardson, c.1863 to c. 1885; and William/Samuel Bond, c to c For the remainder of the twentieth century, the property was owned by the Nesbitt family, although it has not been confirmed if the property was occupied by tenants or the Nesbitts during this time. The condition of the residence and the level of renovations would suggest that the property was occupied by the owners. Given the large increase in property value during the 1870s, from $4,300 in 1871 to $7,000 in 1881, it is estimated that the subject one-and-a-half storey frame dwelling with brick veneer was constructed in the 1870s. A barn was also probably constructed at this time, corresponding to the current frame barn with stone foundations that was recently demolished. While the property was legally owned by Walter Hill in the 1870s, the land was actually farmed and occupied by a tenant farmer, William Richardson, at this time. There are no documents available to indicate who constructed the subject structures; however, given that the dwelling and barn were technically owned by Walter Hill, it is probable that he was responsible for erecting the structures for his tenants. The size of the residence, which is relatively larger than most residences of the same time period, speaks to Walter Hill s affluence. It is possible that Hill constructed the house with the intention of passing it down to one of his children in the future.

17 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 10 Figure 2: Approximate location of the study area in the former Township of Whitby East, Source: Tremaine s Map of the County of Ontario, 1860 Figure 3: Approximate location of the study area in the former Township of Whitby East, Source: Illustrated Historical Atlas of County of Ontario, 1877

18 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 11 Figure 4: Approximate location of the study area in the former Township of East Whitby, Base Map: Markham Sheet No. 58 The one-and-a-half storey house was predated by a one storey frame house, which was occupied by the Goyne family and later the Richardson family. In the early 1850s, the Goyne family lived in a one storey log home. Interestingly, Schedule 2 of the 1851 Census Returns show that 120 acres of Lot 8, Concession VI had already been cleared. To have such an amount of land cleared, the property must have been occupied prior to Walter Hill s purchase of the property from John Woodwork in Given that the Brown s Toronto City and Home District Directory for shows that John Woodwork occupied Lot 8, Concession VI, the original log house and land clearing duties were likely undertaken by Mr. Woodwork beginning in the early 1840s.

19 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 12 Further research was undertaken at the local history collection at the Oshawa and Whitby public libraries. However, relevant historic photographs or earlier descriptions of the subject property and associated families could not be located. 4.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS A field review was undertaken by Lindsay Popert and Annie Veilleux on July 13, 2011 to conduct photographic documentation of the property and to collect data relevant for completing a heritage evaluation and recording. Results of the field review and archival research were then utilized to describe the existing conditions of the property. The following sections provide a general description of the dwelling, agricultural buildings, cultural landscape features, and the surrounding rural context. Outputs of the heritage documentation process, including photographic plates, photographic key plans, overall dimensional measurements of exteriors of built heritage resources and interior of residential built heritage resources, and site plans, are provided in Appendix A. The subject property at 590 Winchester Road East in the City of Oshawa is located on the north side of Winchester Road East, east of Ritson Road North (Figure 5). The large, irregularly shaped property is bounded by a hydro corridor to the south, agricultural fields to the east, Columbus Road East to the north, and Ritson Road North to the west. The subject property contains a one-and-a-half storey frame farmhouse, a twentieth-century barn, nineteenth-century barn ruins, as well as a number of landscape features evocative of early agricultural land use. The following provides a description of the subject property and is organized to correspond to the scope of site research and analysis provided in the MTO s Environmental Guide for Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes (MTO 2007). Figure 5: An aerial view of the subject property. Base Map: Byng Maps, 2011 Microsoft

20 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page Architectural Features Residence: Exterior Description The one-and-a-half storey frame structure at 590 Winchester Road East is a mid-nineteenth century vernacular dwelling with a brick veneer and a T-shaped footprint. A substantial single-storey frame accretion has been added to the northeast corner of the original dwelling, giving the overall residence an irregular footprint. The house faces south and overlooks the hydro corridor (Plates 1 to 8). The original part of the dwelling, which was constructed in the 1870s, sits on stone foundations (Plates 9 and 10). It is of frame construction with a red-brick veneer and features a cross-gable roof clad in asphalt shingles (Plate 11). A drip line surrounds the structure five courses above the foundation. The modern frame accretion sits on concrete foundations, is clad in wood board-and-batten, and also features a gable roof with asphalt shingles (Plate 12). The entire structure features slightly projecting eaves with aluminium soffit and fascia (Plate 13). There is one external brick chimney on the north elevation of the original structure (Plate 14). There are five points of entry into the dwelling, three on the original structure and two on the modern accretion. A wooden, covered veranda on the front façade (south elevation) of the farmhouse provides access to two of the entrances into the original structure (Plates 15 and 16). The veranda is covered by a shed roof that is supported by decorated turned wooden columns on square pedestals. The veranda roof features wooden soffit and decorated fascia (Plates 17 and 18). The decorative millwork appears to be more recent adaptations, designed to reflect the age of the farmhouse. The entrance on the south elevation features a wood door with three vertical panels topped by a single square pane and original hardware (Plates 19 and 20). The entrance also features a wooden frame and sill, a metal storm door, and is topped by a flat-arch brick voussoir. The second entrance accessed from the west end of the veranda features a wooden storm door with original hardware, horizontal panels, and six square glass panes (Plates 21 and 22). At the time of the field assessment, the storm door could not be opened. What could be seen through the storm door windows revealed an interior wooden door with intricate detailing and a large rectangular glass pane. The entrance also features a wooden frame and sill and is topped by a flat-arch brick voussoir. The third entrance point into the original structure is on the east elevation and consists of the external basement access which features metal trap doors (Plates 23 and 24). On the modern accretion, access points are found on the east elevation and the west elevation. Both feature modern doors (Plates 25 and 26). With the exception of basement windows, the fenestration on the older part of the farmhouse consists of one-over-one pane sash windows topped with flat-arch brick voussoirs (Plates 27 to 32). While all upperstorey windows have been updated with modern materials, including aluminium sills, frames, and storm windows, the lower-storey windows feature wooden sashes, muntins, frames, and sills, as well as wooden storm windows. Window openings on the original structure are found in the following locations: two on the lower-storey and three on the upper-storey of the south elevation; two each on the upper- and lowerstoreys of both the east and north elevations; and two on the lower-storey of the west elevation. Basement window openings, which are also topped with flat-arch brick voussoirs, are visible on the north elevation, which is blocked, and the west elevation, which features three-pane horizontal windows set in wooden frames. The modern windows on the modern accretion consist of a combination of large casement or fixed windows. In sum, the farmhouse at 590 Winchester Road East is in excellent condition, well-maintained, and appears to be in sound structural condition. While a single-storey accretion has been added and windows

21 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 14 have been updated, the older portion of the house has not undergone any major alterations. The modern accretion, which was constructed in the northeast corner of the structure, is not visible from the front façade. The siting, scale, and choice of board-and-batten cladding indicates that an effort was made to remain sympathetic to the overall character and style of the nineteenth-century vernacular dwelling. The house exterior features a number of elements that exhibit the original form or materials of, or retaining direct associations with, vernacular architecture of the mid-nineteenth century, which include but may not be limited to: One-and-a-half storey scale; T-shaped footprint and stone foundations of the earlier structure; Frame construction with brick veneer; Cross gable roof with centre gable; Covered veranda; External chimney Drip line above the foundation; Window and door openings topped with flat-arch brick voussoirs; Wooden one-over-one pane sash windows on the lower-level of the older part of the structure; Wooden three-pane horizontal basement windows; External access to the basement; and Wooden doors with recessed panels, single glass panes, original hardware, and wooden storm door Residence: Interior Description Investigations and documentation of the interior of the residence at 590 Winchester Road East was conducted on the main floor, the second floor, as well as the basement. The T-shaped older section of the house comprises a kitchen (Plates 33 to 39), laundry room (Plates 40 to 42), and a modern washroom (Plates 43 to 45) in the east section, and a large living room (Plates 47 to 54) and hallway in the west section. With the exception of the washroom, which features ceramic tile flooring, the original part of the house features hardwood floors. In the kitchen and laundry room, the hardwood floors are characterized by floor boards of various widths (4.5 cm to 7.5 cm) with an east-west orientation (Plate 46); in the living room and hallway, the boards, which are all 4.5 cm wide, have a north-south orientation. The kitchen and the laundry room feature high, wide plank wainscoting with a rounded surbase. Other woodwork on the first floor of the older part of the house includes high, moulded baseboards, moulded door and window surrounds with rosette blocks, as well as crown moulding in the living room. While some of these details were potentially updated in the course of the twentieth century, such as the woodwork in the modern washroom and the crown moulding in the living room, all are sympathetic to the overall style of the house. Most of the interior door openings feature solid wood panelled doors with original hardware. The exception is the doorway between the kitchen and the modern accretion, which does not hold a door. Prior to the construction of the addition, this door would have led to the exterior. The modern accretion features a foyer, a sunroom, a bedroom, and a workshop. Flooring consists of ceramic tile in the sunroom and foyer, poured concrete in the workshop, and modern pinewood floors in the bedroom. The modern baseboards and window and door surrounds are similar in style as the older woodwork in the other part of the house, though at a much smaller scale. The southwest corner of the sunroom features exposed brick and consists of the once exterior walls of the T-shaped, mid-nineteenth century farmhouse.

22 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 15 A wooden staircase in the small foyer/hallway of the original structure provides access to the second floor which only extends over the older part of the residence (Plates 70 to 72). The staircase features turned balusters and newel posts and a rounded handrail. The second floor, which is T-shaped, is occupied by a master bedroom (Bedroom 1) in the east section (Plates 73 to 79); and a landing (Plates 80 to 82), two bedrooms (Bedrooms 2-Plates 83 to 86; Bedroom 3-Plates 87 to 91), and a modern washroom in the west section (Plates 92 to 95). With the exception of Bedroom 3 and the washroom, the entire upper-storey, including the staircase, is carpeted. Bedroom 3 features potentially original hardwood floors characterized by floor boards of various widths (9 to 15 cm) which have been painted. Hardwood flooring is potentially extant underneath the carpet in at least Bedroom 2, as evidenced by the flooring in the closet. The washroom features vinyl flooring. Woodwork on the second floor includes high baseboards and window and door surrounds of similar styles as the first floor. While some of these details were potentially updated in the course of the twentieth century all are sympathetic to the overall style of the house. Doors on the second-floor are also of the same style as those on the first floor and they also retain original hardware. The attic can be accessed through the large closet in Bedroom 1. The subject residence features two separate basements, including a T-shaped basement underneath the original structure (Plates 96 to 109). This earlier basement is accessed through the kitchen and down a winding set of wooden stairs. Evidence suggests that the staircase, which abuts the summer beam, was inserted at a later date. For example, a mortise from a previous joint is visible on the summer beam at the top of the stairs. Frame partitions create three separate spaces in the basement and the hand-hewn summer beam, which has an east-west orientation, is visible in Area 2 (as illustrated on the floor plan below). The remainder of the woodwork is sawn. While the entire basement features floorboards (overhead) of various widths, those in Areas 1 and 2 are wider than those in Area 3. Exterior access is through a wooden, vertical board door on the east wall of Area 3. Area 3 also features a dumbwaiter (Plates 110 and 111). Also known as rising cupboards dumbwaiters are a type of small elevator designed to bring food to the first-floor kitchen pantry from its storage space in the cellar, or in the homes of the wealthy, from the basement kitchen. The subject dumbwaiter is located underneath a trap door near the south wall of the kitchen (Plate 112). The second basement is located underneath the modern accretion and is accessed through the foyer (Plates 113 to 117). The original fieldstone foundations from the original structure are visible on part of the south wall of Area 4 and part of the south and west walls of Area 5. The modern basement features cement floors and two separate spaces separated by concrete block walls. Despite the addition of the modern accretion, the interior of the earlier portion of the farmhouse has undergone minimal alterations and features notable elements, which include but may not be limited to: Generally intact floor plan; Potentially original hardwood flooring in Bedrooms 1 and 2 (and potentially underneath the carpet of the rest of the second floor); and early twentieth-century hardwood flooring on the first floor; Wooden baseboards, wainscoting, and window/door surrounds with rosette blocks; Panelled wooden doors with original hardware; Hand-hewn summer beam; and Dumbwaiter in its original location.

23 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page Outbuilding Description In addition to the one-and-a-half storey farmhouse, built structures found at 590 Winchester Road East include a recently demolished nineteenth-century barn (Plates 118 to 123), a standing twentieth-century gable barn (Plates 124 to 136), and a mid- to late-twentieth frame garage (Plates 137 to 139). The singlecar frame garage has a gable roof, a cement floor and is entirely clad in metal sheeting. Based on an inspection of the nineteenth-century barn ruins and a review of web-based aerial mapping, it was determined that the rectangular barn sat on fieldstone foundations and had a gable roof clad in metal sheeting. The barn was clad in vertical plank siding and featured log, hewn, and sawn woodwork. The stone foundation at the west end of the barn is still extant and features two window openings on the west elevation and a door opening on the south elevation, all with wooden frames. The window openings hold two multi-paned windows each and are protected with horizontal metal bars. The twentieth-century barn is located immediately to the southwest of the older barn ruins. It features a concrete foundation, vertical plank siding, a gable roof clad in metal sheeting, and a loft. The barn is banked on the north elevation which provides entry into its upper level through a large sliding door. The lower level can be accessed through doorways on the south and east elevations. Both feature vertical plank Dutch doors set in wooden frames. Window openings with wooden frames on the lower level are found in the following locations: two on the west elevation, three on the east elevation, and two on the south elevation. Where present, windows consist of multi-paned sliding windows with wooden sashes and muntins, and most are protected by horizontal iron bars. The foundation is crumbling in some areas and the whole structure seems to have somewhat shifted. For health and safety reasons, a cursory investigation of the lower level of the barn was conducted from the doorways. The lower level features a dirt floor, sawn and log joists, and a number of more recent secondary support beams and posts. In contrast, the structural elements on the upper levels of the barn consist of large hand-hewn beams and uprights and sawn joists. The upper-level and the loft, which is accessed via a wooden staircase located in the northeast corner of the barn, consist of open, empty spaces. The upper-level features a number of door and window openings and the loft features a four-over-over pane, wooden sash window at the northern gable end. This window is protected by a metal storm window. Historic topographic mapping indicates that this particular barn was not found on the subject property until after The material fabric of the lower-level of the barn supports this assertion. The material fabric and construction methods of the upperlevel, however, suggest an earlier construction date. It is thus possible that the upper-level of the barn was moved to this location post-1930 and reconstructed on new concrete foundations. 4.2 Context and Landscape Features The property at 590 Winchester Road East features elements typical of both designed and evolved cultural heritage landscapes. It retains direct physical and visual associations with the surrounding fields, waterscape, and rolling topography that relates to its agricultural roots. Of particular note are the types and arrangements of buildings present on the property, the type and arrangement of vegetation, the various boundary types, scenic vistas, and paths of circulation. The property at 590 Winchester Road East features a large, irregularly-shaped parcel that extends from the hydro corridor to the south, Columbus Road East to the north, Ritson Road North to the west, and approximately halfway to Wilson Road North to the east. The subject built heritage structures are centrally-located near the southern edge of the property. The cluster of buildings is set within an expanse of manicured lawns bordered to the north, west, and southwest by a post-and-rail fence and to the east and southeast by agricultural fields (Plates 140, 145 to 147). A post-and-wire fence extends south along the

24 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 17 west side of the gravel drive, which extends southward beyond the subject property limits toward Winchester Road East (Plate 148). The vegetation within the core of the farm complex is quite varied in terms of type, age and distribution (Plates 141 to 144). Mature locust, apple, and willow trees are present in the front yard, and a combination of birch, cedar, pine, and maple trees and various shrubs surround the farmhouse. A line of mature maples define the rear fence line separating the core of the farm complex from the surrounding fields. An opening at the northeast corner of the fence line marks the path of a circulation route associated with the agricultural use of the subject property (Plate 149). The subject property is located within the Oshawa Creek watershed. The main channel and its tributaries have cut relatively deep and wide creek valleys in the terrain, creating an undulating topography (Plate 150 to 152). The built structures are located on high ground offering clear views of the surrounding rolling landscape. The landscape features within the property, such as the fence lines and the gravel driveway, all follow the natural topography. Within the subject property, the Oshawa Creek tributaries flow in a northeast-southwest direction north of the core farm complex. Notable landscape features associated with the subject property include, but may not be limited to: Location of the farmhouse and the nineteenth-century barn remnants; Location of the built structures on a height of land overlooking the surrounding rolling topography; Long gravel driveway; Circulation route (path to the fields north of the house); Variety of mature and established trees in the yard and surrounding the farmhouse; Mature line of maples along the north fence line; Post-and-rail fence line; Unaltered natural topography; Agricultural fields; and Location of Oshawa Creek and tributaries. 5.0 HERITAGE EVALUTION OF 590 WINCHESTER ROAD EAST Tables 1 and 2 contain the evaluation of 590 Winchester Road East against criteria as set out in Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06 and Regulation 10/06. Table 1: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06 1. The property has design value or physical value because it : Ontario Heritage Act Criteria i. is a rare, unique, representative or early example of a style, type, expression, material or construction method; Analysis The subject residence is a representative example of a late-nineteenth century vernacular frame farmhouse with a brick veneer featuring a T-shaped footprint, stone foundations, one-and-a-half storey scale with rear tail, crossgable roof with a centre gable on the front façade, covered veranda, and exterior access to the basement. While the single-storey modern accretion has altered the T-shaped footprint, the siting and the scale of the addition, as well as the choice of a cladding material that is sympathetic to the overall character and style of the earlier part of the dwelling has not compromised the design and physical value of the house. The interior of the older section of the farmhouse also contains a number of

25 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 18 Table 1: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06 notable material fabrics and features, such as a generally intact floor plan, potentially original hardwood floors in at least two bedrooms on the second floor, and early- to mid-twentieth century hardwood flooring on the first floor, high baseboards, window and door surrounds, wainscoting, panelled wooden doors with original hardware, as well as a dumbwaiter in its original location. The late-nineteenth century barn, which featured stone foundations, is no longer standing. While the gable barn was raised at this particular location post-1930, the upper-level features hand-hewn beams and uprights. ii. displays a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit, or; iii. demonstrates a high degree of technical or scientific achievement. This cultural heritage resource does not display a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit. This cultural heritage resource does not display a high degree of technical or scientific achievement. 2. The property has historical value or associative value because it: Ontario Heritage Act Criteria i. has direct associations with a theme, event, belief, person, activity, organization or institution that is significant to a community; ii. yields, or has the potential to yield, information that contributes to an understanding of a community or culture, or; iii. demonstrates or reflects the work or ideas of an architect, artist, builder, designer or theorist who is significant to a community. Analysis The subject property retains direct associations with nineteenth and twentieth century agricultural land use activities, and was settled by around Archival research has revealed associations of this property with multiple generations of the Hill/Nesbitt family for over 150 years. Walter Hill, who purchased the property in 1849, is thought to have constructed the subject farmhouse and barn in the 1870s. Under Hill s ownership, the property was farmed and occupied by a series of tenants. Given the size and detailing of the farmhouse, however, t is possible that Walter Hill constructed the residence with the intent of one day passing it on to one of his children. In 1903 the property was sold to his son-in-law and occupied by two generations of the Nesbitt family for 97 years. Local history research has not indicated that the property retains a strong association with local historical milestones and it has not contributed to phases of community development in the Township of East Whitby. This cultural heritage resource is an example of a designed and evolved rural and agricultural landscape, which is the result of successive farming families who have occupied the farmstead. However, it is not known to reflect the work or ideas of a prominent person who is significant to the local community. 3. The property has contextual value because it: Ontario Heritage Act Criteria i. is important in defining, maintaining or supporting the character of an area; Analysis 590 Winchester Road East is an evolved agricultural landscape that contributes to the rural, agricultural character of the northern part of the City of Oshawa and specifically in the Oshawa Creek watershed, especially since the original rolling topography is still generally extant. The built features

26 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 19 Table 1: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 9/06 (such as the residence and barns) and landscape features (such as the fence lines and circulation routes) were all constructed following the natural topography. ii. is physically, functionally, visually or historically linked to its surroundings, or; The subject property is located within a rural, agricultural setting that features an undulating topography, fields, and watercourses. The core of the farm complex is situated on high ground and therefore maintains scenic views of the surrounding rolling landscape. The subject property retains a number of landscape features that help it retain physical and visual links to its agricultural roots. These include: the type and arrangement of built heritage structures, the original topography, Oshawa Creek, fence lines, and the mature trees around the farmhouse. Potentially added post-1930, the gable barn adds to the agricultural character of the property given that the upper-level potentially has an earlier construction date. The construction of the large hydro corridor in the late-twentieth century, however, did impact the property s relationship with the southern part of the lot. iii. is a landmark. This cultural heritage resource is not known to serve as a landmark. From a physical view point, it is not visible from the surrounding thoroughfares or neighbouring properties. However, it has been recognized by the City of Oshawa as a property of cultural heritage interest. Table 2: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 10/06 Ontario Heritage Act Criteria Analysis i. The property represents or The property retains associations with themes of early township, rather than demonstrates a theme or provincial themes of settlement and development. pattern in Ontario s history; ii. The property yields, or has the potential to yield, information that contributes to an understanding of Ontario s history; iii. The property demonstrates an uncommon, rare or unique aspect of Ontario s cultural heritage; This property retains associations with early farming practices and settlement patterns, which are important elements in Ontario s early history. However, this property is not known to be an outstanding example of provincial significance. The property is not known to demonstrate an uncommon, rare or unique aspect of Ontario s cultural heritage. iv. The property is of aesthetic, visual or contextual importance to the province; v. The property demonstrates a high degree of excellence or creative, technical or scientific achievement at a provincial level in a given period; vi. The property has a strong The property is not known to demonstrate any elements which may be considered of aesthetic, visual, or contextual importance to the province. The farmhouse is a typical example of a vernacular farmhouse built in the late-nineteenth century. It is not known to illustrate any technical or scientific achievements which are of provincial significance. The property is not known to meet this criterion.

27 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 20 Table 2: Evaluation of the 590 Winchester Road East using Ontario Heritage Act Regulation 10/06 or special association with the entire province or with a community that is found in more than one part of the province. The association exists for historic, social, or cultural reasons or because of traditional use; and vii. The property has a strong or special association with the life or work of a person, group or organization of importance to the province or with an event of importance to the province. The subject property has direct associations with a number of individuals who either owned or occupied the subject property since the mid-nineteenth century. None, however, are known to have had any important provincial associations. Given that 590 Winchester Road East met at least one of the criteria contained in Regulation 9/06, this property may be considered for municipal designation under the Ontario Heritage Act, when the property is no longer in provincial ownership. In particular, it was determined to retain design value, historical associations with the Hall/Nesbitt family, an early pioneering family to the Township of East Whitby, and to retain physical and visual links to its nineteenth-century agricultural roots. The property at 590 Winchester Road East did not meet any of the criteria contained within Regulation 10/06, and therefore may not be considered for designation under section 34.5 of the Ontario Heritage Act. 6.0 CONCLUSIONS The subject property at 590 Winchester Road East in the City of Osahwa is located in part of Lots 8 and 9, Concession VI in the former Township of East Whitby. The core of the farm complex is centrally located within Lot 8, at the southern end of the large subject property. Historical research revealed that the subject one-and-a-half storey frame dwelling and the recently demolished frame barn with stone foundations were likely constructed by William Hill for his tenants in the 1870s. The subject farmhouse was predated by a single-storey frame dwelling as well as a single-storey log home, which was likely constructed in the 1840s, the location for which remains unknown. Evidence suggests that land-clearing duties within the large subject property began around the 1840s. While Walter Hill owned the property for the entire second half of the nineteenth century, a series of tenants occupied and farmed the land in his stead. Throughout the twentieth century, the subject property was owned and occupied by consecutive generations of the Nesbitt family, starting with Walter Hill s daughter and son-in-law, John A. Nesbitt in The property was owned and occupied by John and Nancy Williams between 2000 and 2011 at which time it was purchased by the MTO. The subject property is currently vacant as of August The subject one-and-a-half storey frame farmhouse with brick veneer retains many exterior and interior materials and features relating to a late-nineteenth century construction and vernacular style. While the original T-shaped footprint has been altered by the modern accretion, which is potentially associated with the Williams family, an effort was made to remain sympathetic to the overall character and style of the

28 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 21 earlier dwelling. The surrounding property is an example of a designed and evolved cultural landscape shaped by the natural topography and its early agricultural roots. 6.1 Summary Statement of Cultural Heritage Value The property at 590 Winchester Road East retains moderate to high historical associations with nineteenth century settlement patterns in the former Township of East Whitby. The subject property expresses pre settlement patterns as evidenced by the construction of a log house and land clearing duties beginning in the early 1840s. Furthermore, the subject property has direct associations with the Hill/Nesbitt family, early pioneers to the area, for over 150 years (1849 to 2000). The subject farmhouse and now-demolished barn was constructed by Walter Hill in the 1870s and the property was later sold to his son-in-law John Nesbitt in As such, these individuals and their families are undoubtedly tied to agricultural developments and farming practices in the area. The design and architectural value of the farmhouse, outbuildings, and landscape is of moderate to high significance. With the exception of the more recent addition, the structure is a representative example of a late-nineteenth century vernacular frame dwelling which retains its overall original design, scale, and massing. The relatively larger scale of the farmhouse compared to other structures of the same time period speaks to the affluence of Walter Hill, who is thought to have constructed it. Noted features include: stone foundations, cross-gable roof with central gable, brick veneer; potentially original and early-twentieth-century hardwood floors, and a number of potentially original doors and interior millwork. While the original T-shaped footprint has been dramatically altered by the late-twentieth century or early-twenty-first century accretion, an effort was made to remain sympathetic to the overall character and style of the earlier dwelling and has not compromised the design and physical value of the farmhouse. In addition, the landscape provides a good example of a largely intact nineteenth century agricultural landscape. While the late-nineteenth century barn with stone foundations is no longer standing, the gable barn contributes to the late-nineteenth century agricultural character of the property regardless of its post-1930 construction given the potentially earlier construction date of the upper-level. The contextual value of the subject property is of moderate to high significance. It retains landscape elements that provide direct ties to its agricultural past. These include direct physical and visual associations with the surrounding fields and rolling topography; the type and arrangement of the built heritage structures; Oshawa Creek and its tributaries; fence lines; long gravel driveway; and the mature trees in the vicinity of the farmhouse. Of note is how built features and landscape features were constructed following the natural topography, enabling the retention of the scenic views over the surrounding rolling landscape. Heritage attributes, i.e. character-defining elements of the property include, but are not limited to: One-and-a-half storey scale; T-shaped footprint and stone foundations of the earlier structure; Frame construction with brick veneer; Cross gable roof with centre gable; Covered veranda; External chimney Drip line above the foundation; Window and door openings topped with flat-arch brick voussoirs; Wooden one-over-one pane sash windows on the lower-level of the older part of the structure;

29 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 22 Wooden three-pane horizontal basement windows; External access to the basement; Wooden doors with recessed panels, single glass panes, original hardware, and wooden storm door; Generally intact floor plan; Potentially original hardwood flooring in Bedrooms 1 and 2 (and potentially underneath the carpet of the rest of the second floor); and early twentieth-century hardwood flooring on the first floor; Wooden baseboards, wainscoting, and window/door surrounds with rosette blocks; Panelled wooden doors with original hardware; Hand-hewn summer beam; Dumbwaiter in its original location; Location of the farmhouse and the nineteenth-century barn remnants; Location of the built structures on a height of land overlooking the surrounding rolling topography; Long gravel driveway; Circulation route (path to the fields north of the house); Variety of mature and established trees in the yard and surrounding the farmhouse; Mature line of maples along the north fence line; Post-and-rail fence line; Unaltered natural topography; Agricultural fields; and Location of Oshawa Creek and tributaries. 7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the results of archival research, a field review, and heritage evaluation, the property at 590 Winchester Road East in the City of Oshawa was determined to retain moderate to high cultural heritage value following application of Regulation 9/06 of the Ontario Heritage Act. Application of Regulation 10/06 confirmed that the subject property was not determined to be of provincial significance at this time. Its moderate to high heritage significance revolves around its historic, contextual and design-related values. Given that the subject property was determined to retain moderate to high cultural heritage significance, the preservation/retention of the resource on site is recommended. The subject cultural heritage resource located at 590 Winchester Road East is expected to be impacted by the Highway 407 EA-approved alignment. Based on preliminary designs of the approved alignment, the subject resource is expected to be impacted through partial displacement due to the highway right-of-way. While portions of the overall subject property will be left unimpacted, the core of the farm complex, including the built heritage resources will be displaced by the approved right-of-way. As a result, the following recommendations have been made based on the determined heritage values of the resource and in consideration of overall impacts to the property: 1. To ensure that the structure does not succumb to vandalism, premature decay, and/or arson, the following measures should be undertaken immediately to mitigate negative impacts given that the structure is vacant: i) Prepare a condition assessment of the building. A structural engineer can be consulted in this regard to assess any required repairs that need to be undertaken to stabilize the

30 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 23 building in the short and long term; j) Based on the results of the condition assessment, stabilize identified components of the building; k) Examine the interior of the building for evidence of animals and/or insects. If detected, seal off access to the structure and exterminate if necessary; l) Protect the exterior from moisture penetration. As such, roofing materials, foundation, and window treatments should be examined by a qualified contractor in this regard; m) All main floor windows and entrance ways should be boarded up and securely locked; n) Exterior doors should be reinforced with full, non-removal locking mechanisms; o) Ensure that adequate ventilation to the interior is maintained. A mechanical engineer should be consulted to ensure that a suitable interior climate is achieved; and p) It is recommended that the property be visited on a frequent basis. Volunteers, including heritage stakeholders, may be consulted in this regard. 2. Investigate the feasibility of relocating the cultural heritage resource to a new location on its current site. If it is determined that it is not feasible to undertake such a mitigation strategy in a manner that conserves the heritage character of the resource and in a manner consistent with public safety, it is recommended that the subject resource be relocated to a new nearby site in a manner that makes limited to minimal changes to its heritage character. Such a mitigation strategy would include development of a relocation plan which would lay out the actions required and responsibilities of stakeholders in order to relocate and re-use the resource. 3. If it is determined that the subject resource will not be relocated and adaptively re-used, landscape features and building remnants should be retained where possible, and a commemoration strategy developed, to evidence historic uses and contextual values, recognizing the role that land and place play in expressing the heritage significance of this resource. 4. Should relocation of the resource not be feasible, and where demolition activities are anticipated, a salvage plan should be implemented. Appendix B provides a summary of materials that may be considered for salvage activities. This summary of materials includes elements identified as contributing to the heritage value of the resource, as well as materials that may be appropriate for incorporation into existing built heritage resources or cultural heritage landscapes. Demolition and salvage activities should be monitored by a qualified professional for documenting any additional features uncovered during the demolition process. Additionally, if any old documents are found during the course of demolition, such as old newspapers, land deeds, letters, photographs, et cetera, these should be filed with the City of Oshawa; and 5. Finally, this report should be submitted to the Heritage Committee at the City of Oshawa for review and comment, and subsequently filed and archived with the City.

31 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page REFERENCES Anon Death of Walter Hill from North Ontario Observer (Port Perry). July 18, Beers, J.H Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario, Ont Toronto: J.H. Beers & Co. Brown, George 1847 Brown s Toronto City and Home District Directory, Toronto: George Brown. McEvoy, H. N Mitchell and Co. s Gazetteer and Directory for Ontario Toronto: Mitchell & Co. Ministry of Culture, Ontario (MCL) 2005 Ontario Heritage Act Ontario Heritage Tool Kit 2010 Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Provincial Heritage Properties. Ministry of Culture and Communications, Ontario 1992 Guidelines for Preparing the Cultural Heritage Resource Component of Environmental Assessments. Ministry of Culture and Recreation, Ontario (MCR) 1981 Guidelines on the Man-Made Heritage Component of Environmental Assessments. Ministry of Environment, Ontario 2006 Environmental Assessment Act Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Ontario (MMAH) 2005 Ontario Planning Act 2005 Provincial Policy Statement Ministry of Transportation (MTO) 2006 Environmental Reference for Highway Design 2006 Environmental Standards and Practices 2006 Cultural Heritage Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes: Technical Requirements for Environmental Impact Study and Environmental Protection/Mitigation Environmental Guide for Built Heritage and Cultural Heritage Landscapes Ontario Realty Corporation (ORC) 2007 Heritage Management Process Handbook Tremaine, George 1860 Map of the County of Ontario URS and UMA (Unterman McPhail Associates) 2009 Built Heritage Impact Assessment of the Recommended Design: 407 East Environmental Assessment

32 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 25 Walton, George 1836 The City of Toronto and the Home District Commercial Directory and Register. Archives of Ontario Township of East Whitby Collector s Roll, for the years: 1859; 1861; 1865; 1871; 1881; 1886; 1891; 1896; Township of East Whitby Assessment Roll for the year: and 1871 Township of East Whitby Census Returns. Microfilm. Library and Archives Canada Website 1851, 1871, 1881 and 1891 Township of (West) Whitby Census Returns, accessed at

33 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 26 APPENDIX A: HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION OUTPUTS

34 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 27 Figure 6: Site context plan showing cultural heritage landscape features.

35 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 28 Figure 7: Photographic key plan of landscape, exterior elevations of structures, and outbuilding interior.

36 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 29 Figure 8: Southern elevation of the residence showing the location of detail photography.

37 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 30 Figure 9: Eastern elevation of residence showing location of detail photography.

38 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 31 Figure 10: Northern elevation of residence showing location of detail photography.

39 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 32 Figure 11: Western elevation of residence showing location of detail photography.

40 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 33 Figure 12: West elevation of nineteenth-century stone barn foundations showing location of detail photography.

41 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 34 Figure 13: South elevation of the twentieth-century barn showing the location of detail photography.

42 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 35 Figure 14: East elevation of the twentieth-century barn showing the location of detail photography.

43 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 36 Figure 15: Floor plan of basement of residential built heritage resource showing photograph locations and overall dimensions of the exterior and interior principle areas.

44 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 37 Figure 16: Floor plan of main floor of residential built heritage resource showing photograph locations and overall dimensions of the exterior and interior principle rooms.

45 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 38 Figure 17: Floor plan of second floor of residential built heritage resource showing photograph locations and overall dimensions of the exterior and interior principle rooms.

46 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 39 Figure 18: Floor plan of the lower level of the nineteenth-century barn remnants showing overall (approximate) exterior dimensions.

47 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 40 Figure 19: Floor plan of the lower level of the twentieth-century barn showing overall exterior dimensions.

48 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 41 Table 3: Measurements of Structural Openings of Built Heritage Resources 590 Winchester Road East, City of Oshawa Feature Type Feature Identifier 2 Description and Location Measurements (width of opening) Residential Built Heritage Resource: Main Floor Windows W 1 Salvageable; Laundry, east wall 79 cm W 2 Salvageable; Washroom, east wall 58 cm W 3 Salvageable; Kitchen, south wall 79 cm W 4 Salvageable; Living room, south wall 79 cm W 5 Salvageable; Living room, west wall 79 cm W 6 Salvageable; Living room, west wall 79 cm W 7 Salvageable; Living room, north wall 79 cm W 8 Salvageable; Living room, north wall 79 cm W 9 Modern; Sun room, west wall 91 cm W 10 Modern; Sun room, west wall 85 cm W 11 Modern; Sun room, west wall 91 cm W 12 Modern; Sun room, north wall 72 cm W 13 Modern; Sun room, north wall 72 cm W 14 Modern; Sun room, north wall 72 cm W 15 Modern; Bedroom, east wall 72 cm W 16 Modern; Bedroom, east wall 72 cm W 17 Modern; Bedroom, east wall 72 cm W 18 Modern; Foyer, south wall 72 cm Doors D 1 Salvageable; Front façade 86.5 cm D 2 Salvageable; Front façade 86.5 cm D 3 Open doorway; Kitchen, north wall 84 cm D 4 Salvageable; Living room, east wall 82 cm D 5 Salvageable; Living room, south wall 82 cm D 6 Salvageable; Kitchen, west wall 82 cm D 7 Salvageable; Kitchen, west wall 82 cm D 8 Salvageable; Kitchen, east wall 86.5 cm D 9 Salvageable; Kitchen, east wall 86.5 cm D 10 Modern; Accretion, east elevation 91 cm D 11 Modern; Accretion, west elevation 85 cm D 12 Modern; Bedroom, south wall 77 cm D 13 Modern; Workshop, south wall 92 cm Residential Built Heritage Resource: Second Floor Windows W 19 Modern; Bedroom 1, east wall 74 cm W 20 Modern; Bedroom 1, east wall 74 cm W 21 Modern; Bedroom 1, south wall 69 cm W 22 Modern; Landing, south wall 74 cm W 23 Modern; Bedroom 3, south wall 74 cm W 24 Modern; Bedroom 2, north wall 74 cm W 25 Modern; Washroom, north wall 74 cm Doors D 14 Salvageable; Bedroom 1, west wall 76.5 cm D 15 Salvageable; Bedroom 2, east wall 76.5 cm D 16 Salvageable; Bedroom 3, east wall 76.5 cm D 17 Salvageable; Washroom; south wall 76.5 cm D 18 Salvageable; Bedroom 1, closet 61 cm 2 Please refer to the floor plans for the exact location of each window and door identifier.

49 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 42 Table 3: Measurements of Structural Openings of Built Heritage Resources 590 Winchester Road East, City of Oshawa Feature Type Feature Identifier 2 Description and Location Measurements (width of opening) D 19 Salvageable; Bedroom 1, closet (x2 doors) 153 cm D 20 Salvageable; Bedroom 2, closet 76.5 cm D 21 Salvageable; Bedroom 3, closet 76.5 cm Residential Built Heritage Resource: Basement Windows W 26 Salvageable; Area 1, south wall 90 cm W 27 Salvageable; Area 1, west wall 90 cm W 28 Blocked; Area 2, west wall 90 cm W 29 Blocked; Area 2, north wall 90 cm Doors D 22 Salvageable; Area 3, east wall 82 cm D 23 Modern; Area 5, east wall 90 cm Agricultural Built Heritage Resource: Nineteenth-Century Barn (Lower Level) Windows W 30 Salvageable; West elevation 152 cm W 41 Salvageable; West elevation 152 cm Doors D 24 Open doorway; South elevation 115 cm Agricultural Built Heritage Resource: Twentieth-Century Barn (Lower Level) Windows W 32 Blocked; west elevation 63 cm W 33 Salvageable; west elevation 129 cm W 34 Open; south elevation 127 cm W 35 Salvageable; south elevation 128 cm W 36 Blocked; west elevation 130 cm W 37 Blocked; west elevation 128 cm W 38 Open; west elevation 132 cm Doors D 26 Salvageable; south elevation 97 cm D27 Salvageable; east elevation 116 cm

50 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 43 Appendix A-1: Photographic Plates

51 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 44 Plate 1: South elevation (front façade) of the farmhouse. This elevation features the original structure. Plate 2: South and east elevations of the farmhouse. The original part of the structure is to the left and the modern accretion is to the right.

52 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 45 Plate 3: East elevation of the farmhouse. The original structure is to the left and the modern accretion is to the right. Plate 4: East and north elevations of the farmhouse. The upper storey of the original structure can be seen in the rear.

53 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 46 Plate 5: North elevation of the farmhouse. The original structure is to the right and the modern accretion is to the left. Plate 6: North and west elevations of the farmhouse. The original structure is to the right and the modern accretion is to the left.

54 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 47 Plate 7: West elevation of the farmhouse. The original structure is to the right and the modern accretion is to the left. Plate 8: West and south elevations of the farmhouse. Only the original structure is visible.

55 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 48 Plate 9: Stone foundation on the north elevation of the original structure. Note the drip line five courses above the foundation. Plate 10: Stone foundation on the south elevation of the original structure (underneath the front porch).

56 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 49 Plate 11: View of the red-brick veneer on the south elevation of the original structure. Plate 12: Detail of the board and batten siding and concrete foundations of the modern accretion.

57 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 50 Plate 13: Detail of the overhanging eaves with aluminium soffit and fascia on both the original part of the house and the modern accretion. Plate 14: Detail of the external brick chimney located on the north elevation of the original portion of the house.

58 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 51 Plate 15: View of the covered veranda on the front façade (south elevation) of the original structure. Plate 16: View of the two points of entry into the original structure located under the covered veranda.

59 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 52 Plate 17: Detail of the decorative woodwork and wooden soffit of the covered veranda. Plate 18: Detail of the decorative woodwork.

60 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 53 Plate 19: View of the entrance on the south elevation of the original structure. Plate 20: View of the entrance on the south elevation of the original structure.

61 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 54 Plate 21: View of the second entrance under the covered veranda. Note the wooden storm door, which could not be opened at the time of the field review. Plate 22: Detail of the interior wooden door as seen through the storm door. Note the intricate wood work underneath the glass pane.

62 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 55 Plate 23: East elevation of the original structure which features the external basement access. Plate 24: Detail of the metal trap doors that cover the external basement access.

63 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 56 Plate 25: Entrance point on the east elevation of the modern accretion. Plate 26: Entrance point on the west elevation of the modern accretion.

64 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 57 Plate 27: Example of a modern upperstorey one-over-one pane sash window with aluminum frame and sill (south elevation). Plate 28: Modern one-over-one pane sash window in the centre gable on the south elevation.

65 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 58 Plate 29: Modern windows on the upper-storey of the east elevation of the original structure. Plate 30: Example of a one-over-one pane wooden sash window with wooden frame, sill and storm window found on the lower-storey (east elevation).

66 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 59 Plate 31: Example of wooden one-overone pane sash window with wooden frame, sill and storm window (north elevation). Plate 32: View of the windows on the west elevation of the original structure.

67 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 60 Plate 33: East wall of the kitchen. The door to the left leads to the laundry room, the central door leads to the washroom, and the door to the right leads outside and corresponds to the door in Plates 19 and 20). Plate 34: South wall of the kitchen. The door leads outside.

68 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 61 Plate 35: West wall of the kitchen. The door to the right leads to the basement, the central door leads to the living room, and the open doorway to the right leads to the sunroom in the modern addition. Plate 36: North wall of the kitchen. The open doorway leads to the sunroom in the modern addition. Prior to the construction of the addition, this doorway led to the exterior.

69 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 62 Plate 37: View of the wooden panelled doors with original hardware on the west wall of the kitchen. The door to the left leads to the basement, and the door to the right leads to the living room. Plate 38: Detail of the wainscoting in the kitchen.

70 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 63 Plate 39: Detail of the original hardware on the exterior door in the kitchen. Plate 40: North and east wall of the laundry room.

71 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 64 Plate 41: Detail of the panelled door with original hardware in the laundry room. Plate 42: Detail of the wainscoting and moulded window surround in the laundry room.

72 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 65 Plate 43: North and east walls of the modern washroom. Plate 44: Southeast corner of the modern washroom.

73 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 66 Plate 45: Detail of the moulded baseboards and door trim in the modern washroom. Plate 46: Detail of the hardwood floors extending in the kitchen and the laundry room.

74 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 67 Plate 47: West and north walls of the living room. Plate 48: South and west walls of the L- shaped living room. The doorway leads to the hallway.

75 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 68 Plate 49: View of the L-shaped living room from the northwest corner. Plate 50: East and north walls of the living room.

76 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 69 Plate 51: West and north walls of the living room. Plate 52: Detail of the crown moulding in the living room.

77 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 70 Plate 53: Detail of the high baseboards and door surrounds in the living room. Also note the hardwood floors. Plate 54: Detail of a window surround in the living room.

78 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 71 Plate 55: View down the hallway from the living room. Plate 56: View north along the hallway. The living room can be accessed through both doors.

79 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 72 Plate 57: Detail of the high moulded baseboard and decorative vent cover in the hallway. Plate 58: View of the exterior door which corresponds to the door in Plates 21 and 22.

80 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 73 Plate 59: Detail of the original hardware extant on the exterior door seen in Plate 58. Plate 60: View of the open doorway between the kitchen in the original structure and the sunroom in the modern accretion. Note the exposed brick walls which were originally exterior walls.

81 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 74 Plate 61: East wall of the sunroom and view of the hallway. The workshop is located through the open doorway. Plate 62: South and west walls of the sunroom.

82 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 75 Plate 63: Looking along the hallway to the sunroom from the foyer. Plate 64: View of the foyer of the modern accretion. The bedroom is located through the open doorway.

83 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 76 Plate 65: West and north walls of the bedroom. Plate 66: South and west walls of the bedroom.

84 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 77 Plate 67: East wall of the bedroom. Plate 68: North and east walls of the workshop.

85 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 78 Plate 69: East and south walls of the workshop. Plate 70: Looking up the staircase to the second floor.

86 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 79 Plate 71: Detail of the turned newel post and balusters. Plate 72: Looking down the staircase from the second floor.

87 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 80 Plate 73:East and south walls of the master bedroom. Plate 74: South and west walls of the master bedroom.

88 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 81 Plate 75: West and north walls of the master bedroom. Plate 76: North and east walls of the master bedroom.

89 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 82 Plate 77: Trap door to the attic located in the large closet in Bedroom 1. Plate 78: Details of window surround in the master bedroom.

90 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 83 Plate 79: Detail of the high baseboards in the master bedroom. Plate 80: View south along the secondfloor landing. Bedroom 3 is located through the open doorway.

91 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 84 Plate 81: View north along the second floor landing. The washroom is located at the opposite end; Bedroom 1 to the far right; Bedroom 2 to the far left; and Bedroom 3 to the near left. Plate 82: Detail of woodwork on the second-floor landing.

92 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 85 Plate 83: North and east walls of Bedroom 2. Plate 84: East and south walls of Bedroom 2.

93 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 86 Plate 85: Detail of baseboards and earlier hardwood floors in the closet of Bedroom 2. Plate 86: Detail of the door and door trim inside Bedroom 2.

94 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 87 Plate 87: West and north walls of Bedroom 3. The door leads to the closet. Plate 88: East wall of Bedroom 3. The door to the left leads to the closet and the door to the right leads to the landing.

95 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 88 Plate 89: South wall of Bedroom 3. Plate 90: Detail of the hardwood floors in Bedroom 3.

96 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 89 Plate 91: Detail of the door with original hardware inside Bedroom 3. Plate 92: South wall of the second-storey washroom.

97 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 90 Plate 93: North and east walls of the second-floor washroom. Plate 94: West wall of the second-floor washroom.

98 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 91 Plate 95: Detail of woodwork in the second-floor washroom. Plate 96: View down the basement staircase from the kitchen.

99 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 92 Plate 97: West wall of Area 1. Plate 98: East wall of Area 2. Area 1 is located on the other side of the frame partition and Area 3 is located in the distance.

100 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 93 Plate 99: North and east walls of Area 3. Exterior access is through the green door. Plate 100: South and west walls of Area 3. Area 1 is located in the left distance and Area 2 is located in the right distance.

101 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 94 Plate 101: South and west walls of Area 2. Plate 102: South and east frame walls in Area 2.

102 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 95 Plate 103: North wall of Area 2. Plate 103: View underneath the frame staircase.

103 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 96 Plate 104: View of the hand-hewn summer beam in Area 2. Plate 105: View of the mortise of a previous joint in the summer beam at the top of the basement stairs.

104 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 97 Plate 106: External access on the east wall of Area 3. Plate 107: External access to and from the basement.

105 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 98 Plate 108: Detail of the sawn woodwork in Area 1 (similar in Area 2). Note the wider floorboards of various widths. Plate 109: Detail of the sawn woodwork in Area 3. Note the thinner floorboards of various widths.

106 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 99 Plate 110: View of the dumbwaiter located along the south wall of Area 3, underneath the kitchen. Plate 111: Detail of the dumbwaiter.

107 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 100 Plate 112: View of the trap door through with the food and other items were raised from the basement. Plate 113: Access to the basement of the modern accretion from the foyer.

108 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 101 Plate 114: South and west walls of Area 4 in the modern basement. Note the fieldstone foundations of the original structure. Plate 115: West and north walls of Area 4.

109 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 102 Plate 116: South wall of Area 5. Note the fieldstone foundations of the original structure. Plate 117: North wall of Area 5.

110 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 103 Plate 118: West elevation of the nineteenth-century barn foundations and north and west elevations of the twentieth-century barn. Plate 119: View of the nineteenth-century barn ruins (east elevation).

111 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 104 Plate 120: View of the nineteenth-century barn ruins (north elevation). Plate 121: South elevation of the nineteenth-century barn ruins and south and east elevations of the twentiethcentury barn.

112 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 105 Plate 122: Detail of a set of multi-paned windows protected by iron bars on the west elevation of the nineteenth-century barn foundations. Plate 123: Door opening at the northwest corner of the nineteenthcentury barn. Note the log, hewn, and sawn woodwork.

113 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 106 Plate 124: West and south elevations of the twentieth-century barn. Plate 125: North and west elevations of the twentieth-century barn.

114 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 107 Plate 126: East elevation of the twentieth-century barn. Plate 127: Dutch door on the east elevation of the twentiethcentury barn.

115 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 108 Plate 128: View of a multi-paned sliding window protected by metal bars. Plate 129: Detail of the crumbling concrete foundation of the twentiethcentury barn.

116 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 109 Plate 130: Detail of the more recent sawn and log beams, joists, and uprights in the lower-level of the barn. Plate 131: South and west walls of the lower level of the barn.

117 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 110 Plate 132: East and south walls of the upper-level of the barn. Plate 133: West and north walls of the barn. Note the wooden staircase in the northeast corner.

118 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 111 Plate 134: Detail of a hand-hewn beam and sawn joists in the upper-level of the barn. Plate 135: South wall of the loft.

119 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 112 Plate 136: North wall of the loft. Plate 137: View of the frame garage in relation to the nineteenth-century barn ruins.

120 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 113 Plate 138: West and south elevations of the frame garage. Plate 139: Interior of the frame garage.

121 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 114 Plate 140: View of the distribution of the built structures within the subject property. Plate 141: Locust trees in the front yard.

122 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 115 Plate 142: Example of an apple tree within the subject property. Plate 143: Example of pine trees within the subject property.

123 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 116 Plate 144: View of the line of mature maple trees along the northern fence line. Plate 145: Looking north from the southern edge of the subject property. Note the fence lines and gravel driveway.

124 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 117 Plate 146: View of the post-and-rail fence surrounding the core area of the farm complex. Plate 147: Looking northeast from the gravel drive across the manicured lawn of the core of the farm complex toward the neighbouring agricultural field.

125 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 118 Plate 148: Looking south along the gravel driveway. The hydro corridor marks the southern boundary of the property. Plate 149: looking north along the circulation route crossing the gated opening at the northeast of the farm complex core.

126 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 119 Plate 150: View of the surrounding rolling topography. Plate 151: View of the surrounding rolling topography.

127 590 Winchester Road East (CM21), City of Oshawa, Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario Page 120 Plate 152: View along one of the Oshawa Creek tributaries. At the time of the field assessment, the creek bed was mostly dry.