Index A Accountability, 6, 102, 104, 107, 108, 110, 121, 240 Aceh, 61 Anti-piracy, 65, 67, 159, 198 Anti-terrorism, 12, 62, 65 Arctic, 204 ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting (ADMM), 60 ASEM1 (Bangkok 1996), 12, 133, 143 ASEM2 (London 1998), 12, 80, 141, 143 ASEM3 (Seoul 2000), 12, 81, 143 ASEM4 (Copenhagen 2002), 12, 22, 81, 143 ASEM5 (Hanoi 2004), 12, 81, 180, 185 ASEM6 (Helsinki 2006), 12, 82, 108, 162, 183, 185 ASEM7 (Beijing 2008), 12, 80, 82, 108, 140, 143, 183 ASEM8 (Brussels 2010), 12, 82, 108, 144, 147, 175, 179, 186 ASEM9 (Vientiane 2012), 12, 82, 143 ASEM10 (Milan 2014), 13, 83, 111, 133, 142 ASEM11 (Ulaanbaatar 2016), 13, 18, 22, 23, 83, 120, 219 ASEM Chairman Support Group (ACSG), 94, 186 ASEM-DUO, 25, 83, 88 ASEM Economic Ministers Meeting (EMM), 27 ASEM Education Ministers Meeting (ASEMME), 204 ASEM secretariat, 68 ASEM SMEs Eco-Innovation Center (ASEIC), 160 Asia-Europe Business Forum (AEBF), 34, 54, 82, 103, 109, 146, 152, 160, 214, 225 Asia-Europe Cooperation Framework (AECF), 12, 14, 20, 131, 176, 180 Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF), 6, 16, 25, 79, 80, 82 97, 107, 108, 110, 138, 139, 149, 150, 152, 153, 215, 225, 239 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 B. Gaens and G. Khandekar (eds.), Inter-Regional Relations and the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59764-9 243
244 IndeX Asia-Europe Foundation University Alumni Network (ASEFUAN), 85, 92 Asia-Europe Parliamentary Partnership (ASEP), 6, 23, 101 106, 108 122, 239 Asia-Europe People s Forum (AEPF), 82, 102, 105, 108 110, 112, 115, 119, 121, 146, 150 152, 159 Asia-Europe Trade Union Forum (AETUF), 103, 108 Asia-Europe Vision Group (AEVG), 53, 185 Asian Development Bank (ADB), 41, 44, 167, 168 Asian Financial Crisis (AFC), 12, 25, 34, 36, 143, 214, 222 Asia-pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), 7, 10, 161, 178, 185, 192, 213, 224, 230, 231 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 1, 4, 10 12, 17, 18, 20 22, 37, 39, 42, 43, 46, 53 55, 60, 65, 85, 92, 114, 157, 158, 163, 174, 175, 177 179, 181, 192, 193, 195 197, 213, 217, 222 224, 226, 227 Australia, 3, 27, 45, 53, 164, 175, 177 179, 228 B Bangladesh, 175, 219 Belgium, 13, 55, 113 115, 136 Belt and road initiative, 153 Bilateral agreements, 42, 215 Bilateralism, 5, 21 Brexit, 3, 20, 23, 157, 199 BRICS, 51 Brunei, 42, 226 Bulgaria, 175, 177, 182, 203 Burma/Myanmar, 116, 227 C Cambodia, 18, 45, 112, 175, 179, 223, 226 Centers, 23, 89, 90, 163, 170 Chair s statement, 12, 18, 20, 24, 25, 60, 62, 83, 94, 107, 117, 139, 183 China, 1, 2, 4, 10 13, 18, 25, 26, 36 38, 41, 42, 44 46, 51, 54, 66, 67, 69, 73, 81, 110, 113 115, 119, 133, 136, 143, 145, 147, 153, 158, 162 164, 168, 175, 178, 181, 184, 193, 195 197, 202 204, 211, 212, 214 220, 222, 224, 225, 229, 237 Civil society, 2, 4, 11, 15, 19, 60, 67, 69, 80, 81, 83, 85, 87, 88, 92, 94, 95, 97, 102 105, 107 112, 119, 121, 131, 146, 151, 152, 157, 159, 160, 165, 192, 193, 196, 201, 215, 231, 239 Climate change, 4, 117, 119, 158, 167 169, 202 205, 219, 223, 225, 229 Coalitions, 7, 12, 159, 183, 240 Colonialism, 71, 210, 211 Common Foreign and Security policy (CFSP), 10, 166, 229 Conditionality, 97, 195, 227 Conference on Cultures and Civilizations (COCC), 81 Confidence-building, 35, 70, 81, 199, 213 Conflict management, 68, 70, 87 Connectivity, 4, 7, 13, 16, 19, 25, 26, 28, 36, 53 55, 83, 87, 92, 159, 162, 164, 165, 197, 202, 203, 206, 217, 219, 224, 226, 228, 238, 240, 241
IndeX 245 Consensus-building, 13, 17, 92 Constructive engagement, 26, 227 Counter-terrorism, 65, 144, 159, 198 Croatia, 162, 175, 178, 182, 203 Cultural cooperation, 6, 79, 80, 82, 87, 88, 96, 97, 215, 221, 225, 239 Customs cooperation, 13 Cyprus, 184 Czech Republic, 177, 204 D Declarations, 24, 25, 74, 102, 110, 117, 118, 120, 231 Deliverables, 18, 53, 144 Democratic People s Republic of Korea (DPRK), 71 Democratization, 87, 95, 99, 119, 122 Denmark, 81, 114, 136, 202 Dialogue, 2 7, 9, 11 19, 21 24, 26 28, 35, 36, 52, 56, 74, 80, 81, 84, 87 90, 94, 95, 97, 102, 106 108, 111 113, 117, 119 122, 131, 132, 159 161, 164, 169, 182, 183, 188, 191 193, 199, 200, 205, 209, 211, 213 216, 218, 221, 223 227, 229, 231, 232, 237, 238, 240 Doha, 51, 117 Drugs-trafficking, 63, 67 E East Asia, 1, 10, 11, 21, 41, 90, 158, 178, 197, 217, 231 East Asian Economic Caucus (EAEC), 178 East Asian Economic Group (EAEG), 178 East Asian Summit (EAS), 144, 232 Eco-innovation, 160 E-commerce, 46, 52 Economic cooperation, 5, 7, 10 12, 16, 33, 36, 45, 54, 55, 80, 161, 192, 198, 204, 206, 214, 216, 220, 223, 225, 237 Economic pillar, 5, 27, 33, 36, 56, 160 Economy, 2, 5, 10, 11, 14, 19, 28, 33, 34, 36, 41, 44, 52, 54, 118, 163, 194, 196, 210, 219, 222, 223, 238 Education, 2, 11, 13, 81, 83, 84, 88 90, 117, 159, 162, 186, 202 206, 219, 226 Employment, 13, 35, 83 Energy, 46, 162, 164, 168, 169, 188, 202 204, 206, 217, 221, 226 Enhanced cooperation, 184, 184, 241 Enlargement, 7, 12, 16, 20, 22, 26, 53, 173 177, 180, 183, 184, 186 188, 228, 241 Entrepreneurship, 204, 226 Environment, 2, 4, 10, 11, 14, 35, 71, 73, 81, 83, 85, 87, 188, 205, 226, 230, 237, 241 Estonia, 204 EU-ASEAN free trade agreement, 197, 227 EU-ASEAN relations, 20, 42, 227 EU-Asia Higher Education Platform (EAHEP), 90 EU-Asia relations, 2, 3, 90, 231 EU-Canada, 55 EU-China, 90, 196 EU-Japan, 19 EU-Korea, 114 Eurasia, 1, 3, 16, 56, 209 Europe, 1 4, 6, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17, 19, 21, 25, 26, 33 36, 44, 52 56, 60, 61, 65, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 81, 82, 85, 87, 89, 91, 92, 94, 95, 97, 103, 108, 114, 118,
246 IndeX 131 133, 135, 136, 138, 141, 143 145, 148 150, 152 154, 157 160, 162, 166, 167, 173, 176 182, 185, 188, 191 193, 199 202, 204 206, 210 221, 223, 224, 226, 228 232, 239 241 European commission, 1, 10, 11, 14, 15, 19, 23, 26, 27, 42, 53, 81, 85, 105, 139, 153, 174, 176, 178, 186, 187, 196, 201 European council, 11, 23, 111 European Court of Justice (ECJ), 42 European Free Trade Association (EFTA), 177, 193, 204 European parliament, 6, 43, 102, 103, 106 European Union (EU), 1 4, 7, 10, 60, 91, 157, 159, 166, 177, 181, 192, 212, 230 Europe-Asia, 7, 19, 20, 33, 34, 36, 37, 51, 66, 68, 95, 146, 165, 191 193, 199, 210 213, 231, 232, 238 Eurozone, 143, 196, 200 EU-Russia-Ukraine, 69 EU-Singapore, 42 F Finland, 102, 108, 110, 113 115, 117, 118, 162, 184, 202 Food-security, 103, 116, 117, 165, 167 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), 11, 44 Foreign Ministers Meeting (FMM), 18, 20, 22, 62, 69, 83, 107, 110, 138, 158, 162, 183, 202, 218, 220, 228 France, 11, 34, 37, 81, 114, 136, 158, 159, 162, 184, 201, 202, 222, 223 Free Trade Agreement (FTA), 2, 19, 20, 41 46, 51, 53 55, 161, 193, 197, 198, 222, 229, 238 Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific (FTAAP), 44, 55, 161, 213 G Geo-economics, 10 Geopolitical, 2, 56, 70, 73, 158, 159, 192, 230 Germany, 13, 19, 37, 114, 136, 142, 158, 162, 163, 184, 201, 202 Globalization, 20, 55, 80, 81, 103, 160 Global security, 59 61, 71, 75, 81, 92, 199, 215, 228 Goh Chok Tong, 11 Governance, 6, 13, 14, 19, 20, 60, 66, 84, 102, 104 106, 112, 117 119, 122, 195, 205, 211, 239 Greece, 162 Growth, 2, 5, 10, 13, 16, 26, 35, 37, 41, 44, 52 54, 56, 83, 117, 164, 165, 168, 174, 183, 184, 193, 194, 199, 203, 212, 218, 219, 224, 238 H Heritage, 82, 232 Human rights, 3, 10, 12, 42, 43, 62, 66, 71, 82, 84, 107, 113, 116, 118, 160, 162, 166, 180, 184, 195 197, 202 206, 211, 222, 225, 227 Human security, 66, 82, 159, 162, 165 167, 169, 170, 240 Hungary, 66, 71, 114, 158, 162, 174, 177, 184, 204
IndeX 247 I Identity-building, 230 India, 2, 4, 12, 26, 37, 41, 42, 45, 51, 54, 66, 67, 70, 73, 136, 147, 149, 158, 161 163, 168, 175, 177, 178, 181 184, 193 197, 199, 202, 204, 210, 212, 215 218, 229, 237 Indonesia, 13, 42, 45, 61, 81, 82, 114, 133, 136, 143, 147, 163, 164, 168, 204, 224, 225 Infoboard, 69, 71, 139, 150, 151, 153, 159, 160 Informality, 5, 9, 15, 17, 21, 22, 25, 28, 60, 94, 95, 213, 231, 232, 238, 239 Infrastructure, 13, 28, 60, 163, 164, 204, 217, 219, 228, 238 Initiatives, 3, 6, 7, 11, 19, 23, 27, 33, 34, 36, 53, 54, 68, 69, 72, 80, 90, 91, 117, 138, 139, 150, 153, 159 162, 166, 169, 174, 176, 183 187, 196, 213, 214, 218, 219, 221, 229, 238, 240 Innovation, 6, 13, 52 Institutionalization, 5, 9, 16, 17, 21, 23, 26, 28, 119, 122, 146, 173, 179, 185, 231, 238, 240, 241 Intercultural dialogue, 81, 82, 92 Interfaith dialogue, 12, 82, 225 Interference, 167 Inter-governmental, 102, 115 International Parliamentary Institution (IPI), 105, 106, 110, 116, 118, 121, 239 Inter-parliamentary, 15, 103, 106, 114 Inter-regional, 1, 3, 7, 19, 20, 36, 51, 53, 55, 66, 79, 82, 83, 86 89, 91, 94, 97, 132, 146, 148, 149, 167, 183, 191, 200, 203, 206, 224, 226 Investment Promotion Action Plan (IPAP), 35, 51, 52, 54, 160, 214 Issue-based leadership, 12, 70, 121, 181 183, 240 Italy, 37, 115, 136, 142, 158, 162, 201, 202 J Japan, 1, 2, 11, 18, 27, 35, 37, 38, 41, 42, 45, 51, 53, 67, 69, 73, 102, 112 114, 133, 136, 145, 147, 158, 163, 164, 166, 175, 178, 193, 197, 202, 211, 216, 217, 219, 221, 229, 238 K Kazakhstan, 1, 175, 179, 182, 217 Korea, 1, 143, 178 L Laos, 13, 18, 45, 103, 112, 114, 115, 117, 175, 186, 223, 226 Latvia, 204 Lithuania, 184, 204 Luxembourg, 35, 218 M Malaysia, 42, 45, 67, 81, 114, 136, 147, 149, 162, 204, 224, 227 Malta, 29, 188 Maritime security, 25, 66, 223 Media, 6, 11, 69, 72, 82, 85, 102, 113 115, 132, 133, 135, 138, 140, 142 146, 152 154, 216, 240 Membership, 1, 3, 4, 12, 14 16, 21, 28, 43, 51, 52, 113, 116, 120,
248 IndeX 144, 161, 173 182, 185, 186, 209, 216 219, 224 228, 232 Migration, 4, 13, 67, 71, 73, 157, 200, 212 Military, 66, 113, 163, 166, 197, 198, 213, 215, 227, 229 Minilateral, 112, 238 Mongolia, 1, 4, 5, 9, 19, 22 24, 27, 28, 52, 83, 103, 111, 115, 120, 159, 175, 178, 181, 182, 202, 203, 211, 214, 219, 237 Multilateralism, 21, 71, 162, 174, 192, 230 Multipolar, 3, 20 Myanmar, 12, 42, 82, 112, 119, 162, 163, 175, 179, 195, 197, 223, 226 228 N Netherlands, 37, 158, 180 Nine-dash line, 158 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), 4, 21, 92, 102, 105, 107 110, 119, 152, 202, 231 Non-proliferation, 12, 64, 159 Non-traditional security, 4, 6, 13, 28, 60 62, 65, 68, 70, 74, 75, 103, 199, 229, 238, 239 Northeast and South Asia (NESA), 179 Northeast Asia, 17, 143, 219 Norway, 3, 23, 36, 37, 43, 166, 175, 177, 178, 181, 193, 204, 205 Nuclear, 64, 71, 197, 199, 222 O One Belt One Road (OBOR), 217 Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), 19, 106, 114, 120 P Pakistan, 73, 158, 161, 162, 175, 177, 178, 181, 182, 199, 210, 215 218, 229 Parliamentary dialogue, 101 Peace-building, 105 Peace-keeping, 229 People-to-people, 11, 13, 16, 17, 25, 28, 74, 83, 93, 94, 107, 120, 159, 216, 219, 226, 231, 238 Philippines, 42, 45, 91, 114, 133, 136, 146, 158, 168, 194, 225 Pillars, 16, 35, 80, 117, 216, 221, 223 Piracy, 13, 67 Political cooperation, 62, 212, 215 Portugal, 114 Poverty, 13, 162, 164, 168, 192, 193, 196 Private sector, 19, 21, 53, 55 Public, 3, 6, 17, 35, 45, 52, 83, 85, 87, 90, 95, 116 118, 131 133, 136, 138, 139, 146 154, 157, 161, 162, 186, 194, 226, 240 R Regionalism, 2, 21, 87, 97, 219, 221 Region-to-region, 3 5, 20, 21, 28, 42, 55, 96, 176, 177, 188, 197, 200, 217, 219, 227 Representation, 22, 80, 85 87, 94, 97, 110, 114, 141, 180, 195, 221 Republic of Korea (ROK), 11, 175, 219 Russia, 1 4, 12, 21, 27, 37, 51, 113, 142, 175, 177 180, 193, 197, 201 203, 212, 217, 237 S Sanctions, 197, 198, 227 Securitization, 12, 28
IndeX 249 Security, 2, 4, 5, 14, 59 62, 64 66, 68, 70 74, 81, 82, 117, 159, 161, 166, 192, 194, 197 199, 206, 213, 215 217, 219, 221 225, 229, 239 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM), 146, 185, 230 Senior Officials Meeting on Trade and Investment (SOMTI), 35, 52, 54 Serbia, 176, 181, 182, 204 Singapore, 1, 45, 81, 90, 112, 114, 133, 136, 141, 143, 145, 147, 159, 179, 194, 222 224 Slovakia, 177, 204 Slovenia, 204 Small- and Medium-Sized Companies (SMEs), 52, 160, 162, 206, 225, 226 Socio-cultural cooperation, 80, 97, 223 Soft security, 13 South Asia, 178, 187, 217 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), 37, 46, 192 Southeast Asia, 2, 17, 222 Spain, 114, 160, 201, 202 Stakeholders, 6, 19, 23, 69, 109, 111, 139, 164, 169 Statements, 26, 59, 61, 72, 74, 80, 93, 96, 113, 231 State-to-state, 20, 142, 176, 177, 182 Sweden, 120, 162, 202 Switzerland, 3, 23, 36, 43, 175, 177, 178, 181, 193, 205 T Taiwan, 67, 194 196, 198, 224 Terrorism, 12, 25, 65, 81, 117, 200, 221 Thailand, 1, 34, 42, 45, 46, 114, 133, 136, 141, 145, 147, 204, 211, 223, 224 Track-two, 107 Trade, 2, 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 21, 27, 28, 33 37, 41, 43 46, 51 53, 55, 56, 64, 159 162, 192, 194 197, 203, 204, 206, 214, 216, 219, 223 225, 227, 238 Trade Facilitation Action Plan (TFAP), 35, 51, 52, 54, 160, 214 Trans-Eurasian Information Network (TEIN), 81, 88, 159 Transpacific Partnership (TPP), 21, 41, 43, 44, 53, 55, 213, 229, 239 Transport, 13, 27, 35, 46, 162, 164, 217 Transregionalism, 21 Trump, 16, 20, 44, 55, 158 Turkey, 176, 177, 179, 182 U Ulaanbaatar declaration, 25, 27 United Kingdom (UK), 23, 37, 52, 114, 133, 136, 141, 158, 163, 184, 201, 202 United Nations (UN), 3, 14, 18, 25, 68, 69, 81, 82, 105, 160, 193, 202, 221, 229, 230 United States (US), 4, 11, 16, 39, 44, 51, 55 Urbanization, 54, 159, 162 164, 169, 203, 240 V Values, 12, 26, 82, 95, 97, 114, 118, 179, 195, 198, 202, 204, 221, 227 Vietnam, 42, 45, 90, 110, 113, 114, 118, 119, 136, 147, 194, 204
250 IndeX Virtual secretariat, 186 Visibility, 3, 6, 25, 53, 82, 90, 94, 108, 111, 115, 121, 132, 133, 139, 141, 144 146, 153, 154, 158, 161, 162, 165, 169, 195, 197, 201, 238, 240 W Website, 114, 139, 151, 153 World Trade Organization (WTO), 14, 35, 41, 42, 44 46, 51, 52, 54, 55, 112, 117, 160, 214, 224, 238