Making decisions about where to live Mr Lee lives and works in Kwun Tong. His home is close to the industrial area where he works. In order to improve his family s living environment, Mr Lee plans to buy a new flat in Tai Po. He has already found a new job in the Tai Po Industrial Estate. Figure 8.1 shows how he compares the two places. Living environment Transport cost Kwun Tong Poorer Tai Po Better Kwun Tong Lower Tai Po Higher Journey to work Kwun Tong or Tai Po? Tai Po Kwun Tong Longer Shorter Figure 8.1 Mr Lee 1 What are the advantages of living in Kwun Tong? What are the advantages of living in Tai Po? 2 If you were Mr Lee, would you prefer to live in Kwun Tong or Tai Po? Explain your answer. 56
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Chapter 8 Our industrial and residential areas As discussed in Chapter 6, old industrial areas are located in the old urban areas and the industrial estates are found in the New Territories (Figure 8.2). In addition, we have different types of residential areas. They provide remarkably different environments. Do you remember what you learned in the activity about residential land uses in Chapter 6? Activity Relationship between the locations of industrial and residential areas Figure 8.2 shows the distribution of industrial and residential areas in Hong Kong. Figure 8.2 Distribution of industrial and residential areas in Hong Kong 1 Where are the following two types of residential areas? Complete the key of Figure 8.2. (a) Low-income residential areas (b) High-income residential areas 2 Is there any relationship between the locations of industrial and residential areas? Which type of residential area is closer to the industrial areas? 57
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Part two Low-income residential areas are located near industrial areas like Cheung Sha Wan and San Po Kong. Sometimes, residential flats and industrial activities are even found in the same building. High-income residential areas are found far away from factories. They are in the suburbs or other locations with beautiful scenery, such as the Peak, Mid- Levels and Repulse Bay. From this information, we can see that the locations of these two types of residential areas are very different. Do you know why? Why are the low-income residential areas near the industrial areas? Activity What are the advantages to residents and factory owners? Read Figure 8.3 carefully. It only takes me 5 minutes to walk to the factory where I work. It is very convenient to live there. I can save a lot on transport costs. It makes sense to locate my factory near a residential area because Figure 8.3 Mrs Chan (a resident) Mr Lee (a factory owner) 1 Does Mrs Chan like to live near factories? Why? 2 Can you think of other advantages of living near factories? 3 Do you like to live near factories? Explain your answer. 4 Do you know why Mr Lee locates his factory near a residential area? Complete the speech bubble in Figure 8.3. 58
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Chapter 8 Low-income people usually live near industrial areas (Figure 8.4). This helps them shorten their journey to work and saves a lot on transport costs. Also, the factory owners can recruit labour easily from a local labour pool. *More about Figure 8.4 A low-income residential area is located near an industrial area Journey to work doesn t matter anymore! The transport infrastructure in Hong Kong has improved greatly in the last decade (Figure 8.5). This facilitates the movement of vehicles and people. Journey to work has become a less important factor affecting people s choice of residence. Figure 8.5 The transport infrastructure in Hong Kong has improved greatly over the years Why are the high-income residential areas far away from the industrial areas? High-income people usually have private cars and can afford a longer journey to work. Also, they prefer a better living environment with more open spaces and beautiful scenery (Figure 8.6). Living near factories is not desirable. The close proximity between residential and industrial land uses in some areas leads to land use conflicts. This causes a lot of problems and worsens the living environment of nearby residents. Figure 8.6 A high-income residential area with beautiful scenery Repulse Bay journey to work! 59
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Part two Activity What are the problems? Figure 8.7 shows the problems suffered by residents living near factories. (a) (b) Figure 8.7 1 Identify the problems and write your answers in the space provided. 2 Can you think of any other problems that occur when residential and industrial areas are close together? Pollution Factories are an important source of pollution (Figure 8.8). The emission of air pollutants affects the local environment and the health of the residents nearby. Unwanted things from factories often block pedestrian paths and cause land pollution. Figure 8.8 Pollution caused by factories 60
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Chapter 8 Traffic congestion Loading and unloading products usually takes place on two sides of a street, making the street narrower. Traffic congestion is common (Figure 8.9). Some lorries even park on sidewalks which is dangerous to pedestrians. Figure 8.9 Loading and unloading of products on two sides of a street blocks the traffic Activity Should residential areas be near industrial areas? Living near industrial areas has both pros and cons. What is your viewpoint? Let s hold a debate to discuss the topic Residential areas should be near industrial areas. 1 Your teacher will divide the class into two groups, the proposing and opposing sides. 2 Discuss the arguments for or against the topic in sub-groups. Think of different evidence to support your arguments. 3 Choose three members from your group to be the speakers. 4 Carry out the debate according to your teacher s guidance. 5 Your teacher will be the judge to decide which group is the winner. 6 Choose the best speaker by a class vote. Residential areas should be near industrial areas Pros Cons traffic congestion! 61
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Part two *More about People s choices of residence With the rising living standard, the people of Hong Kong have shown greater concern for their living environment. Land use conflict has increasingly influenced people s choice of residence. This explains why more and more people are moving away from the old urban areas to better living environments. Key words low-income residential area (!"#) pollution () high-income residential area (!"#) air pollutant (!") suburb () land pollution (!) land use conflict (!"#) Key points 1 Low-income residential areas are often located near industrial areas. 2 High-income residential areas are found far away from factories. 3 Shorter journey to work and easy recruitment of workers nearby are the advantages of having residential areas located near factories. 4 High-income people usually have private cars and can afford a longer journey to work. They also prefer a better living environment. Living near factories is not desirable. 5 Land use conflict is found where residential and industrial areas are close together. This causes a lot of problems such as pollution and traffic congestion, worsensing the living environment of the residents nearby. 62
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