THE NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF HISTORY

THE NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF HISTORY Volumes 5-9 1971-1975 THE UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND AUCKLAND NEW ZEALAND

EDITOR: ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Keith M.P.K. Nicholas Judith Sinclair Sorrenson Tarling Binnev REVIEW EDITORS: P.S. O Connor and James Holt BUSINESS MANAGER: Raewyn Dalziel D.A. HAMER J.H. JENSEN W.D. McINTY RE W.H. OLIVER ANGUS ROSS F.L.W. WOOD EDITORIAL ADVISERS Victoria University of Wellington University of Waikato University of Canterbury Massey University of Manawatu University of Otago Victoria University of Wellington The New Zealand Journal of History is published twice yearly, in April and October, by the University of Auckland with the aid of subsidies from the Universities of Auckland and Otago, Massey University of Manawatu and Victoria University of Wellington. Subscription rates payable in advance, post free: $6.00 N.Z. Subscriptions and all business correspondence should be addressed to the Business Manager, New Zealand Journal of History Department, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand. History, Back numbers available: $3.50 N.Z. per issue in New Zealand and overseas.

INDEX This index is in two parts. In Part I articles and notes are indexed by author. In Part II reviews are indexed by author of the work reviewed. The reviewer's name is in brackets. PARTI ARNOLD, ROLLO. English Rural Unionism and Taranaki Immigration, 1871-76, 6, 1,20-41 BINNEY, JUDITH. Whatever Happened to Poor Mr Yate? An Exercise in Voyeurism, 9,2,111-25 BLACKSTOCK, RAEWYN. Sir Julius Vogel, 1876-1880: From Politics to Business, 5, 2, 150-70 BOYD, MARY. Davidson, James Wightman, 7,2,211-3 BOYD, MARY. Pascoe, John Dobree, 7, 1, 102-3 BROOMFIELD, J.H. C.F. Andrews in New Zealand, 7, 1, 70-5 CAMPBELL, CHRISTOPHER. The 'Working Class' and the Liberal Party in 1890, 9, 1,41-51 CHEONG, W.E. The Beginnings of Credit Finance on the China Coast: The Canton Financial Crisis of 1812-1815, 5, 1, 70-92 DALTON, B.J. The Military Reputation of Sir George Grey: The Case of Wereroa, 9,2, 154-70 DAVIDSON, J.W. History, Art or Game? A Comment on "The Purity of Historical Method', 5, 2, 115-20 ELPHICK, JUDITH. What's Wrong with Emma? The Feminist Debate in Colonial Auckland, 9,2, 12641 FAIRBURN, MILES. The Rural Myth and the New Urban Frontier. Approach to New Zealand Social History, 1870-1940, 9, 1,3-21 FISHER, ROBIN. Henry Williams' Leadership of the CMS Mission to New Zealand, 9, 2, 142-53 FROST, ALAN. Eighteenth Century Perceptions of 'the Romantic', New Zealand, and Tahiti, 5,2, 185-90 FRY, HOWARD T. The Commercial Ambitions behind Captain Cook's Last Voyage, 7, 2, 186-91 HAMER, D.A. Understanding Mr Gladstone, 6,2, 115-28 HAWKE, G.R. W. Pember Reeves: Some New Evidence, 7, 1, 60-9 HOLT, JAMES. Louis Hartz's Fragment Thesis, 7,1,3-11 HOOKER, BRIAN. New Light on the Mapping and Naming of New Zealand, 6, 2,158-67 HOWE, K.R. The Maori Response to Christianity in the Thames-Waikato Area, 1833-1840, 7, 1,2846 LAMB, MARGARET. The Rise of National Socialism 1919-1933: A Review of Some Recent Literature, 9,1, 72-82 MacGIBBON, IAN. The Constitutional Implications of Lord Jellicoe's Influence on New Zealand Naval Policy, 1919-1930, 6, 1, 57-80 An

MACKAY, DAVID. Banks, Bligh and Breadfruit, 8,1,61-77 MALONE, E.P. The New Zealand School Journal and the Imperial Ideology, 7, 1,12-27 MANNING, HELEN TAFT. Lord Durham and the New Zealand Company, 6,1, 1-19 MARTIN, GED. 1905-1908: the 'Watershed' of the Empire-Commonwealth? 8, 2,164-71 MOSES, JOHN A. The Solf Regime in Western Samoa: 'Ideal and Reality', 6, 1, 42-56 MUNZ, PETER. The Purity of Historical Method: Some Sceptical Reflections on the Current Enthusiasm for the History of Non-European Societies, 5, 1, 1-17 NATHAN, JUDITH. An Analysis of an Industrial Boarding School: 1847-1860, A Phase in Maori Education, 7,1,47-59 NEWMAN, RICHARD. New Zealand's Vote for Prohibition in 1911, 9, 1, 52-71 O'CONNOR, P.S. The Awkward Ones - Dealing with Conscience, 1916-1918, 8, 2, 118-36 OKIN, SUSAN MOLLER. John Stuart Mill's Feminism: 'The Subjection of Women'and the Improvement of Mankind, 7,2, 105-27 OLSSEN, ERIK. The 'Working Class'in New Zealand, 8, 1,44-60 PALMER, MERVYN. William Soltau Davidson: A Pioneer of New Zealand Estate Management, 7, 2,148-64 PETERS, KATHRYN. New Zealand's Attitudes to the Reform of the League of Nations: The Background of the Memorandum to the Secretary-General, 16 July 1936, 6, 1,81-98 POCOCK, J.G.A. British History: A Plea for a New Subject, 8, 1,3-21 PUGH, MICHAEL C. The New Zealand Legion, 1932-1935, 5, 1,49-69 REYNOLDS, HENRY. Australian Nationalism: Tasmanian Patriotism, 5, 1, 18-30 ROSS, R.M. Te Tiriti o Waitangi: Texts and Translations, 6, 2, 129-57 ROUSSEAU, PHILIP. Structure and Event in Anthropology and History, 9, 1, 22-40 SINCLAIR, KEITH. The Lee-Sutch Syndrome. Policies and Politics, 1930-40, 8,2,95-117 New Zealand Labour Party SINCLAIR, KEITH. Why are Race Relations in New Zealand Better than in South Africa, South Australia or South Dakota? 5,2, 121-7 SNOOK, I.A. Religion in Schools: A Catholic Controversy, 1930-1934, 6, 2, 169-77 SORRENSON, M.P.K. How to Civilize Savages: Some 'Answers' from Nineteenth-Century New Zealand, 9,2,97-110 STONE, R.C.J. Sharp, Charles Andrew, 8, 1.934 STONE, R.C.J. Clio and the Parish Pump. Recent Books on New Zealand Local History, 7,1, 76-84 STONE, R.C.J. The New Zealand Frozen Meat and Storage Company: A Pioneer of Refrigeration, 5,2, 171-84

STONE, R.C.J. The Thames Valley and Rotorua Railway Company Limited 1882-9: A Study of the Relationship of Business and Government in Nineteenth-Century New Zealand, 8,1, 2243 TARLING, NICHOLAS. Rizal, Aguinaldo and North Borneo, 9, 2, 179-83 THORNLEY, ANDREW. The Methodist Mission and Fiji's Indians: 1879-1920, 8,2, 137-53 TRAINOR, LUKE. The European States System and the Origin of the First World War 1903-1915: The Fischer School and the German Role in War Origins, 9, 2, 171-8 TROTTER, ANN. Some Recent Writings about East Asia in the 1930s and the Origins of War in the Pacific, 8, 2,154-63 WALLACE, STUART. Town Versus Gown in Auckland, 1872-1919,1, 2, 165-85 WARD, ALAN. Law and Law-enforcement 1840-1893, 5,2,128-49 on the New Zealand Frontier, WEITZEL, R.L. Pacifists and Anti-Militarists in New Zealand, 1909-1914, 1, 2, 128-47 WILLIAMS, PRISCILLA. New Zealand at the 1930 Imperial Conference, 5, 1, 3148 WOOD, F.L.W. Beaglehole, John Cawte, 5,2,214-6 PART II BEAGLEHOLE, JOHN CAWTE. The Life of Captain James Cook (David B. Quinn),9,2, 184-8 BLAKELY, BRIAN L. The Colonial Office, 1868-1892 (W.P. Morrell), 7,1, 88-9 BOLT, CHRISTINE. Victorian Attitudes to Race (M.P.K. Sorrenson), 7, 1, 98-9 BRAISTED, WILLIAM REYNOLDS. The United States Navy in the Pacific, 1909-1922 (W. David Mclntyre), 9,2, 1924 BROOMFIELD, J.H. Elite Conflict in a Plural Society: Twentieth-Century Bengal (W.H.McLeod), 6,1, 109-12 BROWN, BRUCE. Asia and the Pacific in the 1970s: The Roles of the United States, Australia, and New Zealand (W.E. Murphy), 6, 2, 193-5 BUSH, G.W.A. Decently and in Order: The Centennial History of the Auckland City Council (Judith Elphick), 8,1, 85-6 CATANACH, I.J. Rural Credit in Western India, 1875-1930 (W.H. McLeod), 6, 1,110-2 CELL, JOHN W. British Colonial Administration in the Mid-Nineteenth Century: The Policy-MakingProcess (W.P. Morrell), 5,1,934 CONDLIFFE, J.B. Te Rangi Hiroa: The Life of Sir Peter Buck (M.P.K. Sorrenson), 7, 2, 1924 CROCOMBE, R.G. & MARJORIE (eds.) The Works of Ta'unga. Records of a Polynesian Traveller in the South Seas 1833-1896 (G.S. Parsonson), 5, 2, 2004 DAVIDSON, J.W. & SCARR, DERYCK (eds.) Pacific Islands Portraits (W.P. Morrell), 5, 2, 198-200 DEGERANDO, JOSEPH-MARIE, (trans, by F.C.T. Moore) The Observation of Savage Peoples (M.P.K. Sorrenson), 5,1, 104-6

DICKSON, DIANE & DOSSOR, CAROL (comp.) World Catalogue of Theses on the Pacific Islands (Hugh M. Laracy), 5,2, 208-9 DRUMMOND, ALISON (ed.) The Auckland Journals of Vicesimus Lush 1850-1863 (R.C.J. Stone), 7, 1, 77-8 DUNMORE, JOHN. French Explorers in the Pacific (W.P. Morrell), 6, 1,108-9 EDDY, J.J. Britain and the Australian Colonies 1818-1831: The Techniques of Government (W.P. Morrell), 6, 2, 188-9 EWING, J.L. The Development of the New Zealand Primary School Curriculum 1877-1970 (I.A. McLaren), 6,2, 191-2 GARDNER, W.J., BEARDSLEY, E.T. & CARTER, T.E. A History of the University of Canterbury, 1873-1973 (W.P. Morrell), 8, 1, 87-8 GELBER, H.G. {ed.) Problems of Australian Defence (W.E. Murphy), 6, 2, 193-5 GILES, W.E. A Cruise in a Queensland Labour Vessel to the South Seas (G.S. Parsonson), 5,2, 2004 GILLION, KENNETH L. Ahmedabad. A Study in Indian Urban History (W.H. McLeod), 6, 1,110-2 GRIMSHAW, PATRICIA. Women's Suffrage in New Zealand (Raewyn Dalziel), 7,2,201-2 HALL, DAVID O.W. New Zealand Adult Education (E.P. Malone), 6, 2, 189-90 HANCOCK, W.K. Discovering Monaro: A Study Environment (W.J. Gardner), 7, 2, 194-5 of Man's Impact on his HARNETTY, PETER. Imperialism and Free Trade: Lancashire and India in the Mid-nineteenth Century (I.J. Catanach), 9,1, 89-90 HASLUCK, PAUL. Australia in the War of 1939-1945: The Government and the People 1942-1945 (F.L.W. Wood), 7, 2,195-7 HIND, R.J. Henry Labouchere and the Empire 1880-1905 (D.A. Hamer), 7, 1, 89-91 HORSMAN, JOHN. The Coming of the Pakeha to the Auckland Province (R.C.J. Stone), 7, 1,78 JOHNSTON, W. ROSS. Sovereignty and Protection: A Study of British Jurisdictional Imperialism in the Late Nineteenth Century (Colin Newbury), 9, 1,86-9 JOYCE, R.B. Sir William MacGregor (W.P. Morrell), 7, 2, 205-7 KHAN, ABDUL MAJED. The Transition in Bengal, 1756-1775. A Study of Saiyid Muhammad Reza Khan (W.H. McLeod), 6, 1, 109-12 KUMAR, RAVINDER. Western India in the Nineteenth Century (W.H. McLeod), 6,1, 109-12 LA NAUZE, J.A. The Making of the Australian Constitution (Keith Sinclair), 7, 1,94-5 LANGDON, ROBERT. The Lost Caravel (Hugh Laracy), 9, 2, 188-9 LISSINGTON, M.P. New Zealand and Japan 1900-1941 (Angus Ross), 7, 2, 198-200 LISSINGTON, M.P. New Zealand and the United States 1840-1944 (Angus Ross) 7, 2, 198-200 LLOYD PRICHARD, M.F. (ed.) The Collected Works of Edward Gibbon Wakefield (R.J. Schultz), 5, 1, 97-8

LOUIS, WILLIAM ROGER. British Strategy in the Far East 1919-1939 (W. David Mclntyre), 8, 2, 173-5 LOW, D.A. (ed.) Soundings in Modem Asian History (W.H. McLeod), 6, 1, 109-12 McCORMICK, E.H. Alexander Turnbull: his Life, his Circle, his Collections (W.J. McEldowney), 9, 1, 83-5 McINTYRE, W. DAVID & GARDNER, W.J. (eds.) Speeches and Documents on New Zealand History (W.P. Morrell), 6, 1, 101-2 McQUEEN, HUMPHREY. A New Britannia. An argument concerning the social origins of Australian radicalism and nationalism (Keith Sinclair), 5, 1, 94-7 MAHAJANI, USHA. Philippine Nationalism: External Challenge and Filipino Response, 1565-1946 (Nicholas Tarling), 5, 2, 204-6 MARTIN, GED. The Durham Report and British Policy: a Critical Essay (W.P. Morrell), 9, 1,85-6 MATTHEW, H.C.G. The Liberal Imperialists. The ideas and politics of a post-gladstonian elite (D.A. Hamer), 8, 1, 78-9 MORRELL, W.P. The Anglican Church in New Zealand. A History (R.C.J. Stone), 8, 2, 175-7 MORRELL, W.P. British Colonial Policy in the Mid-Victorian Age. South Africa-New Zealand-the West Indies (W. David Mclntyre), 6, 1,99-101 MUNZ, PETER (ed.) The Feel of Truth, Essays in New Zealand and Pacific History presented to F.L. W. Wood and J.C. Beaglehole (David Mclntyre), 5,2,191-3 O'FARRELL, PATRICK. The Catholic Church in Australia. A Short History, 1788-1967 (Hugh M. Laracy), 5, 2,197-8 OLIVER, W.H. & THOMSON, JANE M. Challenge and Response. A Study of the Development of the Gisborne East Coast Region (R.C.J. Stone), 7, 1, 79-82 PHILIPP, JUNE. A Great View of Things: Edward Gibbon Wakefield (Jeanine Williams), 7,1,91-3 PLATTS, UNA. The Lively Capital (R.C.J. Stone), 7, 1, 78-9 ROLLESTON, ROSAMOND. William and Mary Rolleston: an Informal Biography (W.P. Morrell), 8, 1, 88-90 ROSS, ANGUS (ed.) New Zealand's Record in the Pacific Islands in the Twentieth Century (J.B. Wright), 5,1, 106-8 RUTHERFORD, NOEL. Shirley Baker and the King of Tonga (Sione Latukefu), 6,2, 183-6 SCARR, DERYCK. The Majesty of Colour: A Life of Sir John Thurston (W.P. Morrell), 9, 1,91-2 SCARR, DERYCK & MAUDE, H.E. Of Islands and Men: Studies in Pacific History (G.S. Parsonson), 5, 2, 200-4 SCHREUDER, D.M. Gladstone and Kruger (F.B. Smith), 5,1,98-9 SCOTT, DICK. Ask That Mountain. The Story ofparihaka (Judith Bassett), 9, 2, 189-92 SHARP, ANDREW (ed.) The Journal of Jacob Roggeveen (W.P. Morrell), 6, 1, 108-9

SORRENSON, M.P.K. Land Reform in the Kikuyu Country. A Study in Government Policy (D.A. Low), 5,1,99-104 SORRENSON, M.P.K. Origins of European Settlement in Kenya (D.A. Low), 5, 1,99-104 SPENDER, SIR PERCY. Exercises in Diplomacy. The Anzus Treaty and the Colombo Plan (Bruce Brown), 5, 2, 194-7 STENSON, M.R. Industrial Conflict in Malaya. Prelude to the Communist Revolt of 1948 (Ruth T. McVey), 6,1, 102-4 STEVENS, JOAN (ed.) The London Journal of Edward Jemingham Wakefield 1845-46 (Peter Stuart), 7, 2, 2034 STONE, R.C.J. Makers of Fortune: A Colonial Business Community and its Fall (G.R. Hawke), 8, 1,83-5 STUART, PETER. Edward Gibbon Wakefield in New Zealand: His Political Career 1853-1854 (Jeanine Williams), 7, 1,91-3 SUTCH, W.B. Women with a Cause (Raewyn Dalziel), 9,1,90-1 SUTHERLAND, GILLIAN (ed.) Studies in the Growth of Nineteenth-century Government (D.A. Hamer), 8, 2,172-3 SWINFEN, D.B. Imperial Control of Colonial Legislation 1813-1865 (Noel McLachlan), 7, 1,85-8 TARLING, NICHOLAS. Britain, the Brookes and Brunei (Robert Pringle), 6, 2, ' 187-8 TEMPERLEY, HOWARD. British Antislavery 1833-1870 (W.P. Morrell), 7, 2, 204-5 TURNBULL, C.M. The Straits Settlements 1826-67. Indian Presidency to Crown Colony (Nicholas Tarling), 7, 1,95-7 VENTURI, FRANCO. Utopia and Reform in the Enlightenment (Susan Moller), 6,2, 179-82 WARD, ALAN. A Show of Justice: Racial 'Amalgamation' in Nineteenth Century New Zealand (Judith Binney), 9,2, 194-6 WATERSON, D.B. A Biographical Register of the Queensland Parliament 1860-1929 (R.B. Joyce), 8, 1, 82-3 WATERSON, D.B. Squatter, Selector and Storekeeper. A History of the Darling Downs, 1859-93 (R.B. Joyce), 8, 1, 82-3 WHITCOMBE, ELIZABETH. Agrarian Conditions in Northern India: The United Provinces under British Rule, 1860-1900 (I.J. Catanach), 8, 1, 80-2 WILLIAMS, JOHN A. Politics of the New Zealand Maori: Protest and Cooperation, 1891-1909 (G.V. Butterworth), 6,1, 105-8 WRIGHT-ST. CLAIR, REX E. Thoroughly a Man of the World: A Biography of Sir David Munro (W.P. Morrell), 8,1, 88-90 YOUNG, L.K. British Policy in China, 1895-1902 (S.A.M. Adshead), 5, 2, 207-8

The New Zealand > Journal of History Vol. 9, No. 1 April 1975 CONTENTS MILES FAIRBURN The Rural Myth and the New Urban Frontier: An Approach to New Zealand Social History, 1870-1940 3 PHILIP ROUSSEAU Structure and Event in Anthropology and History 22 CHRISTOPHER CAMPBELL The 'Working Class' and the Liberal Party in 1890 41 RICHARD NEWMAN New Zealand's Vote for Prohibition in 1911 52 MARGARET LAMB The Rise of National Socialism 1919-1933: A Review of Some Recent Literature 72 REVIEWS E. H. McCormick, Alexander Turnbull: his Life, his Circle, his Collections (W. J. McEldowney), 83; Ged Martin, The Durham Report and British Policy; a Critical Essay (W.P. Morrell), 85; W. Ross Johnston, Sovereignty and Protection: A Study of British Jurisdictional Imperialism in the Late Nineteenth Century (Colin Newbury), 86; Peter Harnetty, Imperialism and Free Trade: Lancashire and India in the Mid-nineteenth Century (I. J. Catanach), 89; W. B. Sutch, Women with a Cause (Raewyn Dalziel), 90; Deryck Scarr, The Majesty of Colour: A Life of Sir John Thurston. Vol. 1. I, the very Bayonet (W. P. Morrell), 91. NEWS 93

Victoria University Press THE TURANGA The missionary journals of William and Jane Williams edited by Frances Porter $12.00 JOURNALS EDWARD GIBBON WAKEFIELD IN NEW ZEALAND A fascinating account of his New Zealand career and its sudden ending by Peter Stuart $2.50 THE WEBBS IN NEW Beatrice and Sidney Webb were here for a month in 1898. This is their diary edited by David Hamer $2.00 MAORI POETRY A superb collection with translations and essays by Barry Mitcalfe $6.30 ZEALAND ACCOUNTABILITY OR AUTONOMY IN THE UNIVERSITIES Arthur Fieldhouse explores this topical question 50c PRICE MILBURN for VICTORIA UNIVERSITY PRESS

The New Zealand Journal of History Vol. 9, No. 2 October 1975 CONTENTS M. p. K. SORRENSON How to Civilize Savages: Some 'Answers' from Nineteenth-Century New Zealand 97 JUDITH BINNEY JUDITH ELPHICK Whatever Happened to Poor Mr Yate? An Exercise in Voyeurism 111 What's Wrong with Emma? The Feminist Debate in Colonial Auckland 126 ROBIN FISHER Henry Williams' Leadership of the CMS Mission to New Zealand 142 B. j. DALTON The Military Reputation of Sir George Grey: the Case of Wereroa 154 LUKE TRAINOR The European States System and the Origin of the First World War 1903-1915: the Fischer School and the German Role in War Origins 171 NOTES Rizal, Aguinaldo and North Borneo (Nicholas Tarling) 179 REVIEWS J. C. Beaglehole, The Life of Captain James Cook (David B. Quinn), 184; Robert Langdon, The Lost Caravel (Hugh Laracy), 188; Dick Scott, Ask That Mountain. The Story ofparihaka (Judith Bassett), 189; William Reynolds Braisted, The United States Navy in the Pacific, 1909-1922 (W. David Mclntyre) 192; Alan Ward, A Show of Justice: Racial 'Amalgamation' in Nineteenth Century New Zealand (Judith Binney) 194. RESEARCH 197 CORRESPONDENCE 200

The origins of New Zealand Diplomacy R. M. DALZIEL Lecturer in History at Auckland University In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries most New Zealanders still thought of themselves as 'colonists' and called their country 'the colony'. But there were signs of change, reflected in the developing role of the New Zealand Agent General's office in London between 1870 and 1905. Five men held the office of Agent General in London: Featherston, Vogel, Dillon Bell, Perceval and Pember Reeves. The author skillfully and economically traces the work of each as New Zealand's official 'business' agent and semi-diplomatic representative at the heart of the Empire. DEMY 8vO PAPERBACK. 192 PAGES. $3.60 IN THE SAME SERIES: Edward Gibbon Wakefield in New Zealand PETER STUART, $2.50 The Webbs in New Zealand in 1898 Edited by DAVID HAMER, $2.50 PRICE MILBURN for VICTORIA UNIVERSITY PRESS