Landscapes of Leisure

Landscapes of Leisure

Leisure Studies in a Global Era Series Editors: Karl Spracklen, Professor of Leisure Studies, Leeds Beckett University, UK, and Karen Fox, Professor of Leisure Studies, University of Alberta, Canada. Titles include: Udo Merkel IDENTITY DISCOURSES AND COMMUNITIES IN INTERNATIONAL EVENTS, FESTIVALS AND SPECTACLES Soile Veijola DISRUPTIVE TOURISM AND ITS UNTIDY GUESTS Robert A. Stebbins CAREERS IN SERIOUS LEISURE Oliver Smith CONTEMPORARY ADULTHOOD AND THE NIGHT-TIME ECONOMY Brett Lashua SOUNDS AND THE CITY Karl Spracklen WHITENESS AND LEISURE Leisure Studies in a Global Era Series Standing Order ISBN 978 1 137 31032 3 978 1 137 31033 0 ( outside North America only ) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and one of the ISBNs quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England

Landscapes of Leisure Space, Place and Identities Edited by Sean Gammon Senior Lecturer, University of Central Lancashire, UK and Sam Elkington Senior Lecturer, Northumbria University, UK

Selection, introduction and editorial matter Sean Gammon and Sam Elkington, 2015 Individual chapters Respective authors, 2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-42852-3 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-68244-7 DOI 10.1057/9781137428530 ISBN 978-1-137-42853-0 (ebook) This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

Contents List of Illustrations Notes on Contributors vii viii 1 Reading Landscapes: Articulating a Non-Essentialist Representation of Space, Place and Identity in Leisure 1 Sam Elkington and Sean Gammon 2 Unravelling Space and Landscape in Leisure s Identities 8 David Crouch 3 Disturbance and Complexity in Urban Places: The Everyday Aesthetics of Leisure 24 Sam Elkington 4 The Social Dynamics of Space Constructions and Leisure Lifestyles 41 Ana Paula C. Pereira and Jonathan Long 5 Zombie Places? Pop Up Leisure and Re-Animated Urban Landscapes 55 Brett D. Lashua 6 Last Resting Places? Recreational Spaces or Thanatourism Attractions the Future of Historic Cemeteries and Churchyards in Europe 71 Tony Seaton with Magda North and Gabriela Gajda 7 Animating Public Space 96 Troy D. Glover 8 Sport Tourism Finding Its Place? 110 Sean Gammon 9 Youth Leisure, Places, Spaces and Identity 123 Joan Abbott-Chapman and Margaret Robertson 10 Phenomenology and Extreme Sports in Natural Landscapes 135 Eric Brymer and Robert D. Schweitzer 11 Seasideness: Sense of Place at a Seaside Resort 147 David Jarratt 12 Savouring Leisure Spaces 164 Jaime L. Kurtz and Erik Simmons v

vi Contents 13 Weaving Place Meanings into Outdoor Recreation Sustainability: The Case of the Niagara Glen 176 Garrett Hutson and Ryan Howard 14 Distant at Your Leisure: Consuming Distance as a Leisure Experience 192 Gunvor Riber Larsen 15 The Lure of the Countryside: The Spiritual Dimension of Rural Spaces of Leisure 202 Deborah Jepson 16 Performing Leisure, Making Place: Wilderness Identity and Representation in Online Trip Reports 220 Daniel R. Williams and Joseph G. Champ Index 233

List of Illustrations Figures 5.1 After the pop up cinema at Marshall s Mill, May 2012 64 6.1 Australian billiards 76 6.2 Irish famine grave 77 6.3 Cuba Firemen s monument, 1890 79 6.4 Brookwood air crash monument, 1938 80 6.5 Nunhead 82 6.6 Brookwood 83 6.7 Maribor/Lidija 87 6.8 Gothic cemetery 92 7.1 Categories of public space 97 14.1 Distance as phenomenon 195 14.2 The importance of distance for the experience of the journey 198 Table 6.1 Changes in the function and consumer usage of cemetery space 74 vii

Notes on Contributors Eric Brymer is a principal lecturer in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science at Manchester Metropolitan University, UK. Eric s research focuses on understanding the relationship between people and the natural environment. He has written extensively on extreme sports and the psychological health benefits of nature-based experiences. Joseph G. Champ is an assistant professor in the Department of Journalism and Media Communication at the Colorado State University, USA. After a television journalism career, Joseph completed graduate work with a focus on critical/cultural interpretations of environmental communication. He studies the intersection of media, nature and culture. This has included: audience research of nature-focused television, movies and magazines; textual analysis of newspaper coverage of fish and wildlife; organizational communication about wild land fire mediation efforts; and online communication about wilderness. Joan Abbott-Chapman, recently retired Professor of Education at the University of Tasmania and University Associate of the Faculty of Education and the Menzies Research Institute, is an internationally cited sociologist, whose research and publications focus on factors that encourage young people s educational and social engagement, their health and well-being. Her long-standing research collaboration with Margaret Robertson has highlighted the role played by social constructs of space and place in the development of young people s identity, resilience and sense of belonging. David Crouch is Professor Emeritus in Cultural Geography and Senior Research Fellow at the University of Derby, UK. David makes many distinctive contributions to developing conceptual debates in cultural geography, in research, writing and teaching. His wide-ranging, conceptual and empirically evidenced work ranges from the creative character of the encounters individuals have with space in everyday life to professional and popular art practice, and across landscape, leisure and tourism performance, nature, consumption and community gardens. Ana Paula C. Pereira recently completed her PhD at the University of Campinas (São Paulo, Brazil). Currently, she is a Lecturer in Leisure Studies at Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Her research interests include: the phenomenon of second homes upon leisure lifestyles; leisure and the concept of social capital and symbolic violence. In 2011, she was a visiting researcher at Leeds Metropolitan (now Beckett) University UK viii

Notes on Contributors ix (under the supervision of Professor Jonathan Long), with the funding of Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES). Ana is a member of the Leisure Studies Association. Sam Elkington is Senior Lecturer in Sport Management at Northumbria University, UK. Sam s research reflects his interests in the theory, management and pedagogy of sport and leisure, namely understanding the social and environmental psychological dimensions of sport and leisure experiences and investigating the incidences of entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity in contemporary sport. Sam s books include Contemporary Perspectives in Leisure: Meanings Motives and Lifelong Learning (2014, with Sean Gammon) and The Serious Leisure Perspective: An Introduction (2014, with Robert Stebbins). Sean Gammon has been actively researching in the area of sport tourism for nearly 20 years and was responsible for designing and delivering the first BA (Hons) Sport Tourism undergraduate degree in 1998. He is widely published in the area, primarily focusing on sport tourist customer motivation, nostalgia and heritage. His latest book (with Ramshaw and Waterton) titled Heritage and the Olympics offers an international perspective on how the Olympics generate genuine and meaningful heritage encounters. In addition, he continues to contribute to the field of leisure, recently co-editing (with Elkington) a new text on Contemporary Perspectives in Leisure. Troy D. Glover is a professor in the Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies at the University of Waterloo and a fellow in the Academy of Leisure Sciences. His research explores the interplay between leisure and community. His scholarship in the areas of social capital and transformative placemaking exposes social inequities to encourage critical reflection about exclusive practices or policies that privilege certain groups over others. Much of his work engages community members directly in dialogue to envision their aspirations for a healthier community. Ryan Howard works at the University of Northern British Columbia, Canada, in the Department of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Management. Ryan s research and teaching interests include recreation programming, outdoor recreation and place allegiance. Garrett Hutson works at Brock University, Canada, in the Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies. Garrett s research and teaching interests include the interconnected topics of place, outdoor recreation and outdoor leadership education. David Jarratt is a senior lecturer and a course leader at the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston, within the School of Sport, Tourism and the Outdoors. David has an industrial background in heritage attraction

x Notes on Contributors management and is interested in the study of tourist motivation and sense of place. Tourism and heritage in seaside resorts and rural areas are particular sites of interest for his research. In the near future David plans to publish more on the motivation of visitors to traditional seaside resorts as well as the use of sense of place toolkits in rural areas in relation to the interpretation and branding of these destinations. Deborah Jepson holds a PhD in Tourism Management. She lectures in tourism, hospitality and event management at the University of Central Lancashire, UK. Her research interests are in the area of rural tourism, sense of place, spiritual tourism and tourism behaviour and experiences. She is particularly interested in tourists subjective experience of place. She has published in both the Annals of Tourism Research and the Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Currently, she is expanding her research interests into the practical and business application of the emotive experience of tourists. She is also working on an MEd with planned research focusing on the student learning experience within the school of tourism. Jaime L. Kurtz is Associate Professor of Psychology at James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia, where she studies happiness and savouring strategies. Her research has been published in journals such as Psychological Science, the Journal of Positive Psychology, and Personality and Social Psychology. Her current research focuses on the psychology of travel and cross-cultural well-being. In addition to offering courses on personality, social and positive psychology at the undergraduate level, she teaches seminars on well-being strategies to health-care professionals across the US. Gunvor Riber Larsen is a postdoc at the Centre for Mobilities and Urban Studies, Aalborg University and Urban Development Consultant at Hjørring Municipality, Denmark. Her research interests include the mobilities of people, hereunder leisure mobilities and the mobilities performed in everyday life. She is currently undertaking research into leisure and business aeromobility at the regional airport in Northern Jutland, as well as leading a research project exploring the mobilities of citizens in Hjørring Municipality. Brett D. Lashua is a senior lecturer in the Carnegie Faculty at Leeds Beckett University, UK. His scholarship is concerned primarily with the ways that young people make sense of their lives through arts, leisure and cultural practices such as popular music, as well as how young people are made sense of through particular representational and narrative strategies. He recently co-edited (with Karl Spracklen and Stephen Wagg) Sounds and the City: Popular Music, Place and Globalization (2014).

Notes on Contributors xi Jonathan Long is Professor in the Research Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure at Leeds Beckett University, UK. Jonathan does interdisciplinary research on leisure and social change with a particular emphasis on social justice. This includes his interest in: inclusion, integration and equity; leisure policy; space and place in the leisure lives of new migrants; race and racism in sport. Using a wide range of different research approaches he has directed or jointly directed some 50 projects for external clients, including government departments and non-departmental public bodies like the sports councils, local authorities and third sector organizations. Robert D. Schweitzer is Professor in the School of Psychology and Counselling at Queensland University of Technology, Australia, where he established a post-graduate training program in Clinical Psychology. He has a long commitment to phenomenology, being the founding editor of the Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology. Tony Seaton is MacAnally Professor of Travel History and Tourism Behaviour at the University of Limerick and Emeritus Professor of Tourism Behaviour at the University of Bedfordshire, UK. He has a first class degree in the Social Sciences, an Oxford master s in Literature, a PhD in Tourism from Strathclyde University, and a master s in Monastic History from the University of Lampeter. He has taught and researched Tourism and Cultural Studies at six universities in England, Scotland and Ireland. His continuing research/teaching interests include: tourism behaviour, thanatourism, religious iconography, and the representation of travel in literature and graphic satire. Erik Simmons is an undergraduate at James Madison University, USA, where he is pursuing a bachelor s degree in Psychology and a minor degree in Writing, Rhetoric and Technical Communications. His previous work has been published in undergraduate journals of literature. Simmons research interests are diverse, ranging from the biology of stress to the implementation of behavioural measures to improve the lives of students. He aspires to be a professor, and plans to continue his academic career in a doctorate-level psychology program in the future. Margaret Robertson is Professor of Education at La Trobe University, Australia. Her teaching interests in geographical education and innovative pedagogy are reflected in her long-standing research involvement in Youth Studies and cross-cultural differences, including doctoral supervision and teaching of graduate students from diverse cultural settings. Margaret s current research focusses on youth voices in peri-urban zones of sprawling cities. His professional outreach activities include membership of the Steering Committee for the International Year of Global Understanding project which is an initiative of the International Geographical Union.

xii Notes on Contributors Daniel R. Williams works for the United States Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. His research draws from environmental psychology, consumer behaviour and human geography to study the meanings and uses of natural environments for application to tourism and outdoor recreation management, planning and policy. His current research uses place concepts to inform the adaptive governance of complex social-ecological systems. He was past Leisure Sciences (1993 1998) and Society and Natural Resources (2011 2014).