Presented by: Stewart Information International, Inc. Jack McKenna Held at the: 2007 ESRI Survey & Engineering GIS Summit San Diego Convention Center San Diego, California June 16-19, 2007
Integrating Survey and GIS Ownership Mapping in Developing Countries using GPS and Mobile GIS
Summary of Topics Correct Projection and Datum Geodetic Control Network GPS Derived Street Centerline Database Field Data Collection for Ownership Determination (Cadastral Sweep) Creation of Property Title Web based GIS for Government Agencies and Subscribers
Records in Disarray
Geodetic Control Survey
Feature Extraction Extraction of: Terrain data Planimetric data Analytical & Softcopy Workstations
Accurately Geo-Referenced Parcels Aerial Map layers Over Ortho Parcels Geo-referenced Using Best-fit-to-Ortho Methodology
Parcel Centric Data
Parcel Maintenance Type Purpose Type Purpose Split Parcel Wizard Split with Line Split two sides & Cut Parcel Split 1 Side & Traverse Split with Coordinate Geometry (COGO) Split with a MicroStation.dgn or ESRI shapefile Split by Importing Points Split by Typing Coordinates Split with Polygon Create Parcel Wizards Adjoining or In Space Parcels can be created adjoining an existing parcel or drawn in space. By using the adjoining method, the user can ensure there will not be any gaps between the parcels. Create with Mouse Create with MicroStation (.dgn) or ESRI shape file Create Parcel with Coordinate Geometry Create by Typing Coordinates Create by Importing Coordinates Combine Parcel Wizard Wizards help the user: Combine adjacent Combine non-adjacent Adjust Boundary Wizard Adjust Parcel with Line Adjust Parcel using a MicroStation (.dgn) or ESRI shapefile Adjust Parcel with Coordinate Geometry (COGO) Adjust Parcel by Typing Coordinates Adjust Parcel by Importing Coordinates Adjust Parcel by Moving Vertices
GPS Centerline Data
Bluetooth Technology Works with multiple digital devices Enables communuication between GPS receivers, ruggedized field data collectors, Pocket PCs and PDAs Excellent tool for Mobile GIS Speeds up field crew productivity No equipment wires to get snagged
Field Data Collectors
Structure Positions Derived From GPS Centerline Database
Components of the Cadastre Mortgages Building Inspections Title Guaranty Tax Assessment & Collection Parcel of land: Geographic description Ownership information Real Estate Transaction (Buy/Sell) Cadastre & Registry Systems Property Appraisal Public Services (health, safety, education) Infrastructure Management
Field Data Collection Network Field Data Collector Property Attributes Property Image Camera Property Attributes 0. Field Data Collection Work Process Map Valuation System Property Image Map Provider (SDE)
Property Valuation Data Field Data Collection Inspection Date Property Address Owner Present Owner Name Owner Mailing Address Occupier Present Occupier Name Occupier Mailing Address Datetime String Boolean String String Boolean String String The date and time that the inspector viewed the property. The address of the property. Indicates the presence of the owner at the time of the inspection. The full name of the owner of the parcel. The parcel owner s mailing address Indicates the presence of the owner/occupier at the time of the inspection. The full name of the owner/occupier (resident) of the parcel. The parcel occupier (resident) mailing address
Web Based Data Online Viewing of Registry Documents
Documents Available on the Web
Harsh Realities Spatial technology is not a substitute for good governance Politicians must see tangible benefits and progress Some countries have no rule of law. Sometimes it is the rule of the AK47 Countries that need land ownership reform the most tend to be the most corrupt
Conclusions The land records management processes and technology developed in the US can be successfully and cost effectively implemented in developing countries Standards-based products and services must be created (ASPRS, FGDC, OGC, ISO, RICS, etc.) Citizens in developing countries who achieve secure land tenure can acquire loans from banking institutions when those loans are secured by the title to the property they own When property in developing countries is legally registered, the taxes that are subsequently raised can pay for improved government services such as the construction of schools, hospitals, roads and utilities
Conclusions The land rights the poor are entitled to must be protected Achieving secure land tenure must be affordable for the poor for first time registration and transfer of property Vulnerable groups such as women must be protected Use of new technology enables the affordable creation of registry, cadastre and tax databases that result in transparent, equitable and efficient tax calculation and collection The complexity of what we do must be hidden from the end users
Thank you for attending Jack McKenna Senior Geospatial Consultant jmckenna@stewart.com stewart.international.com