HOUSING AT THE CENTRE OF THE NEW URBAN AGENDA:

HOUSING AT THE CENTRE OF THE NEW URBAN AGENDA: making housing affordable and accessible for all Claudio Acioly Jr Head Capacity Building and Training Senior Housing and Urban Management Exper claudio.acioly@un.org t 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 1

1. The Meaning of Housing 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 2

The Right to Adequate Housing The right to live somewhere in peace, safety and dignity, with access to basic infratructure, in a location that allows adequate access to jobs and opportunities and urban services, all at an affordable price. Security of Tenure Provision of services, materials, infrastructure Affordability Habitability Accesibility Location 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr Cultural Adequacy 3

HABITAT AGENDA, paragraph 8 4 New Urban Agenda, paragraph 31 We, the Heads of State or Government and the official delegations of countries, reaffirm our commitment to the full and progressive realization of the right to adequate housing as provided for in international instruments. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr

Charter of the Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000, 2009) Article 34, devoted to social security and social assistance. Paragraph 3: In order to combat social exclusion and poverty, the Union recognizes and respects the right to social and housing assistance so as to ensure a decent existence for all those who lack sufficient resources, in accordance with the rules laid down by Community law and national laws and practices. Source: http://www.housingrightswatch.org/page/eu-housing-rights 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 5

A lot of Convergence UN-Habitat Housing at the Center EU Housing Partnership Action Plan Scaled-up Supply of Affordable Housing Housing Sustainable Cities Nexus Diversity of Housing Options Access to Housing Finance Serviced-land Supply Link Global-Local Agendas Promote and Realize the Right to Adequate Housing 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 6

2. The Global Affordability Crisis: The lack of affordable housing compels people to resort to informal housing solutions which propels informal urbanisation and slum formation and generates more exclusion & segregation 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 7

UN-Habitat has created a Global Sample of Cities made of 200 cities that statistically represent this Universe of Cities. A cooperation between UN-Habitat, University of New York and the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. UN-Habitat Global Urban Observatory (guo@unhabitat.org)

House Price-to-Household Income Ratio 15.0 14.0 13.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 City Housing Sector Occupant Affordability Accepted Standard for Affordability (3 HH Incomes) Median Occupant Affordability UN Sample of Cities City A, Very Affordable 1.7 City B, Affordability Standard 3.0 City C, Median Affordability 4.9 City D, Unaffordable 12.1 1.0 0.0 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr Cities 9

CONCLUSION 1: housing is unaffordable in the Global Sample of Cities A housing unit in any city regardless of GDP is UNAFFORDABLE (more than a ratio of 3.0) House Price-to-Household Income Ratio 9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Occupant Affordability Median Affordability Low-Income Middle-Income Middle-Upper-Income High-Income 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 10 UN-Habitat Global Urban Observatory

70% Rent Expressed as Share of Household Income 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% City A, Affordable 17% City Monthly Rent-to-Household Income Ratio 25% Standard for Rent Affordability Median Rent Occupant Affordability in the UN Sample of Cities City B, Affordability Standard 25% City C, Median Rent Affordability 30% City D, Unaffordable 58% 0% 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 11 Cities

CONCLUSION 2: housing is unaffordable in the Global Sample of Cities Rental housing in any city regardless of GDP is UNAFFORDABLE (more than 25% threshold) 50% Rent Expressed as Share of Household Income 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% Occupant Rent Affordability Median Rent Affordability 0% Low-Income Middle-Income Middle-Upper-Income High-Income 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 12 UN-Habitat Global Urban Observatory

06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 13 Lack of Affordable Housing 1. informal urbanization 2. growth of slums: 1. physically and spatial manifestation in the urban landscape of cities 2. dynamic informal land and housing markets 3. geography of inequality and segregation

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06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 15 Affordable Housing Options in Asia, 2018

06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 16 Affordable Housing Options in Asia, 2018

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06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr Paris, 2017 18

Paris, 2017 19 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr

EU Housing Partnership Action Plan 1. European households committing excessive amounts of their disposable income to housing, compromising other basic needs 2. Housing prices increasing faster than income and ability to pay 3. Housing costs compelling European households to a poverty trap and inequality that affects social cohesion and sustainability of cities 4. Housing needs and demand unmet across the various income segments 5. Divided cities and unsustainable forms of urbanization threats the foundations of European societies 6. More refugees, migrants, street residents, homeless, people living longer with parents in cities 06/12/2018 Claudio Claudio Acioly Acioly Jr 20

Many European citizens are left behind 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 21

3. The Agenda 2030: A global commitment expressed in the Sustainable Development Goals SDG s. Cities and local and subnational governments have a great responsibility. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 22

2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 1 Agenda 5 Main Areas 17 Goals 169 Targets 240 Indicators 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 23 Connecting the New Urban Agenda and the SDGs: (re)thinking UN-Habitat s role

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SDG 11 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr Fuente: World Resources Institute, Kitty van der 25 Heijden

SDG 11 Cities Global Interaction between SDG s and their targets 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 26

EU Housing Partnership Action Plan 1. The goals of the EU Housing Partnership are consistent with the Agenda 2030 and the SDG11 so that NO one and NO place will be left behind. 2. Partnership 3. Capacity Building 4. Monitoring and Reporting 5. Rights-based 6. Social inclusion, social and spatial cohesion 7. Sustainability 8. People centered 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 27

4. The nexus SDG11 NUA at the city level. Synchronizing policies, strategies and demanddriven actions that help cities to embark into a sustainable and planned urbanization path. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 28

06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 29 SDG11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums

Agenda 2030 SDG11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums Strategic Objective NUA New Urban Agenda Urban Policy Housing Executing Tool 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 30

6. The Housing at the Centre: Repositioning housing within urban policies and connecting it to urban planning, land markets and land allocation, investments, mobility and public transport and the regulatory frameworks. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 31

SDG 11.1: By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe & affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums NUA 1. Housing Policies that supports the full and progressive realization of the right to adequate housing # 31 2. Housing Policies that supplies adequate housing well located and connected to the urban core # 32 3. Diversity of housing options # 33 4. Security of tenure for all HOUSING is an 5. Financing housing and supporting the social production of housing, # 46 6. Systems to register and secure instrument land property for # 104; the 7. Progressive realization of the right to adequate housing thru participatory, coherent housing and land policies realization # 105 of the SDG as 8. Housing Policies that are based on social inclusion, economic efficiency and environmental protection # well 106 as the NUA 9. Policies to widen access to diversified housing options # 107 10.Integrated Housing Policies linked to other sectors to eliminate housing scarcity # 108 11.Slum Upgrading policies and Neighborhood Improvement Policies to prevent the multiplication of slums # 109 12.Norms and regulations to foment supply and demand # 111 13.Housing Programmes delivering housing well-located and accessible to low income people 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 32

SDG11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums Housing at the Center of the EU Urban Agenda housing at scale and diversity of solutions Financing infrastructure, serviced land and various forms of subsidy Citywide and Nationwide Urban Regeneration and Renovation Scale Diversity Nacional/local Capacity Health, Social Development, Access to Basic Services, Wellbeing 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 33

THEME NUA Paragrfs PROPOSITIONS OF THE NUA TARGETS OF THE SDG HOUSING 31, 32, 33, 46, 77, 97, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 111, Adopt housing policies that supports Adoptar politicas de vivienda que apoyen the full and progressive realization of la realización del derecho a la vivienda the right adequate housing, offering adecuada y ofrezcan múltiples opciones y multiple housing options and solutions soluciones habitacionales con viviendas at scale that are well connected to the bien conectadas, bien servidas de city systems, provided with infraestructura y bien ubicadas vis-à-vis infrastructure and well located vis-à-vis los servicios urbanos y oportunidades de urban services and jobs, generating empleo, generando social-mix, inclusión social-mix, spatial and social inclusion, espacial y social, y previniendo la and preventing the multiplication of multiplicación de asentamientos slums while reducing at the same time precarios al mismo tiempo que the number of people living in reduciendo el numero de personas que precarious conditions. Promote the viven en situaciones precarias. Promover design and implementation of national el diseño y ejecución de programas and local programs to upgrade, nacionales y locales de urbanización, rehabilitate, and regularize informal rehabilitación y regularización de settlements and slums that are fit for asentamientos informales. urbanization. ODS 11.1: By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe & affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 34

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TARGETS OF THE SDG TARGETS OF NEW YORK Target 11.1: By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums. Accommodate 8.4 million households within the region by 2040, an increase of 1.1 million households units by 2040 Finance new construction of 80,000 affordable housing units and preserve 120,000 units by 2024 Preserve 120,000 of affordable housing by 2040. Support creation of 240,000 new units by 2024; and an additional 250,000 to 300,000 by 2040 Target 11.2: By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons. Increase rail transit capacity into CBD between 8-9am by 20% by 2040 up from 627,890 (trips, passengers?) Double the number of cyclists, tracked by the NYC In- Season Cycling indicator by 2020 from 437 to 844 Ensure the average NYer can reach 1.8 million jobs by transit within 45 minutes by 2040, an increase of 25% up from 1.4 m Increase the share of Myers that can access at least 200,000 jobs within 45 minutes by transit to 90% up from 83% Source: Getting Started with the SDGs in Cities. SDSN, July 2016 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 36

Housing Impacting on Cities A. Housing is designed and regulated, ultimately defines the urban form of the city B. Housing regulations greatly influence spatial patterns, quality and types of housing in cities C. The competitiveness of the city is affected by housing affordability D. Housing finance determines the type and quality of housing people can afford, and where housing is ultimately located E. Land management influences inclusionary housing and residential inclusion.

7. Housing at the Center of the Urban Policy: FINAL evidence-based propositions. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 38

SIX POINTS: housing at the center in practice 1. Sufficient quantity of social housing produced annually to meet the demand and realize the right to adequate housing as per NUA, SDG11, Habitat Agenda. 2. Unlock land supply: serviced land available at scale 3. A rental housing sector that provides alternatives for those unable or unwilling to become homeowners. 4. Affordability: sufficient quantity of housing at an affordable price and financial services accessible 5. Diversified housing options in price, location, standard, tenure and size within the urban structures of cities 6. Overcrowding does not exist and informality is gradually diminishing and cities getting onto a path of planned and sustainable urbanization. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 39

THE END Thank you. 06/12/2018 Claudio Acioly Jr 40