Canadian Wood Council G063 TIMBER FOR THE MASSES. Liam Dewar, Director, EURBAN

Canadian Wood Council G063 TIMBER FOR THE MASSES Liam Dewar, Director, EURBAN October 27, 2015

Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-aia members are available upon request. This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Course Description With so many compelling reason to build with mass timber the question is no longer why? but how?. As a construction method in its own right, mass timber construction has its own rules and regulations which need to be understood by all if mass timber is to achieve its potential of becoming the construction method of choice for most building types. This presentation will discuss focus on best practice in terms of design, procurement and construction through a number of case studies of recent projects that Eurban have been involved in.

Learning Objectives At the end of the this course, participants will be able to: Key learning points: KEY LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1 Understand what is being done in the UK in order to optimise the delivery of mass timber projects in terms of design and construction. KEY LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2 Understand the role of a CLT designer / specialist contractor on mass timber building projects and how knowledge and experience can inform design decisions and help deliver such projects effectively and safely. KEY LEARNING OBJECTIVE 3 Understand the risks associated with the design and delivery of large-scale mass timber buildings and how one might overcome such risks KEY LEARNING OBJECTIVE 4 Understand how mass timber construction differs from concrete construction and stick build construction, particularly in terms of the perceived risks of fire and moisture, and how to design for them.

Timber for the Masses Building a Timber Revolution LIAM DEWAR

Winery, Vauvert, France, 1998 Perraudin Architecture Gilles Perraudin, 1 installer IMAGE PERRAUDIN ARCHITECTURE

Architecture should be about satisfying a social need, not about addressing a financial condition. Using natural materials will escape the constraints of speculative industries, and return to a socially-alert, environmentally sustainable architecture. Gilles Perraudin, 2013

Can Lis & Can Feliz, Majorca, 1971 & 1994 Jørn Utzon IMAGE JAN UTZON

Can Lis, Porto Petro, Majorca, 1971 Jørn Utzon We have to understand the structure of wood, the weight and hardness of stone, the character of glass; we must become at one with our materials and be able to fashion and use them in accordance with their constitution. Jørn Utzon, The Innermost Being of Architecture, 1948

Brettstapel Dowelled or Nailed Laminated Timber (NLT)

Crosslam Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) IMAGEE STORA ENSO

Advantages of Crosslam

Structural Stability 7-Storey Test Building, Miki, Japan, 2007 IMAGE PROGETTOSOFIE

Dimensional Stability Unaffected by Moisture (within reason) IMAGE EURBAN

Dimensional Stability Unaffected by Temperature IMAGE EURBAN

Simplicity Airtightness IMAGE EURBAN

Simplicity Large Components (Less Joints) IMAGE DAVID GRANDORGE

Simplicity No Movement Joints IMAGE EURBAN

Simplicity Interface Detailing Support Structure IMAGE EURBAN

Simplicity Interface Details - Windows IMAGE EURBAN

Simplicity M&E Services IMAGE EURBAN

Thermal Stability Mass Timber - Five times better than Concrete MATERIAL THERMAL STABILITY λ / c.ρ (cm2/s) Mass Timber 12 Water 14 Brickwork 44 Concrete 68 SIP Panel (EPS) 167 Air 2,500 IMAGE EURBAN

Climate Stability Mass Timber Buildings - Eighty times better than Firewood TIMBER USE LIFE EXPECTANCY Timber Structure Woodfibre Insulation Furniture Books Wood Products Packaging Firewood 80 years 60 years 30 years 25 years 10 years 2 years 1 year IMAGEE EURBAN

Climate Stability The quickest and most cost-effective Carbon Store IMAGEE EURBAN

Health Benefits Reduced Heart Rate 600 heartbeats less per day IMAGE SOS

Health Benefits Reduced Heart Rate Medical evidence that timber as a construction material has a positive influence on human health. Evidence to support the argument that mass timber construction should be the favoured construction method for all buildings. IMAGE SOS

Arcadia Nursery, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2015 Malcolm Fraser Architects Eurban LIAM DEWAR IMAGE ANGUS BREMNER

Arcadia Nursery Designed around the concept of free play Children choose what activities they would like to participate in instead of being allocated to a playroom for the day. A place to learn, play and imagine LIAM DEWAR IMAGE M J RICHARDSON

Arcadia Nursery LIAM DEWAR IMAGE MFA

Arcadia Nursery LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Arcadia Nursery LIAM DEWAR IMAGE ANGUS BREMNER

Arcadia Nursery LIAM DEWAR IMAGE M J RICHARDSON

Arcadia Nursery LIAM DEWAR IMAGE ANGUS BREMNER

Crosslam Considerations IMAGE EURBAN

Logistics (maximum panel size) Road Transport IMAGE EURBAN

Logistics (maximum panel size) Site Access IMAGE BINDER HOLZBAUSYSTEME

Logistics Craneage IMAGE EURBAN

Health & Safety Not Like This.. IMAGE MERK

LIAM DEWAR Mass Timber Construction in the UK

UK Service Providers Specialist Sub-Contractors & Market Share (Projects) We estimate that approximately 450 solid timber projects have been delivered in the UK to date, approx. 200 in the last 4 years. DESIGN-LED SUPPLY-LED CONTRACTOR-LED 45% 40% 15% LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

UK Built Projects 2003-2011 LIAM DEWAR SCOURCE: TIMBER FIRST

Eurban What We Are Eurban is a consultancy and construction company specializing in the design, procurement and delivery of solid timber building structures LIAM DEWAR

What We Do Architect / Employer Perspective LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

What We Do Supplier Perspective DESIGN ASSEMBLY LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Integrated Service Provider Design, Supply & Install TIMBER DESIGN MATERIAL SUPPLY SITE ASSEMBLY LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Timber Design Integrated Service Provider In-house Specialist Timber Engineers 3D CAD & BIM technology Level 2 TIMBER DESIGN LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Material Supply Integrated Service Provider CAD interface direct with manufacturers Project-specific solutions Work with leading European manufacturers MATERIAL SUPPLY LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Materials Supply Transportation LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Site Assembly Integrated Service Provider Directly-employed site installation teams Valuable feedback and lessons learnt from every project delivered. Retained knowledge / skill base SITE ASSEMBLY LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

In-house Installers Quality on Site (Workmanship) LIAM DEWAR IMAGES DAVID GRANDORGE & ED REEVE

In-house Installers Safer Build Process Statistics 2012-2014 0 fatalities 0 major injuries 0 dangerous occurrences 0 reportable ill-health 3 non-reportable incidents LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

LIAM DEWAR Eurban Services

Component Modelling For Costing Purposes LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Design Guidance For Architects / Client Reassurance LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Timber Engineering For Design Verification & Issue to Approval Bodies LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Fabrication & Delivery Information For Component Manufacture & Issue to Manufacturers LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Logistics For Programming & Issue to Main Contractor (Employer) LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Assembly Drawings For Site Teams LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Dune House, Suffolk, 2009 LIAM DEWAR IMAGE JVA

Timber Engineering LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Drawings Approval Manufacture LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Panelisation LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Materials Procurement LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Drawings Site Information LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Site Assembly LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

European CLT Production IMAGE TU GRAZ

LIAM DEWAR IMAGE LIVING ARCHITECTURE

Eurban Projects Project Breakdown by Package Value Breakdown of Projects 2012/13 2014/15 35% Contracts up to $200k CAD 50% Contracts from $200k to $1m CAD 15% Contracts over $1m CAD LIAM DEWAR

Mass Timber Projects

Henry Yorke Mann Architect 14 Mass Timber Residences, North Vancouver, 1958-1969 Integral natural materials, as opposed to synthetic, or plastic materials, are utilized for their timeless qualities, inherent safety and predictability, and their non-toxicity to humans. www.henryyorkemann.com IMAGE BARRY DOWNS

Clark Residence, North Vancouver, 1969 Henry Yorke Mann Senec & Mann IMAGE RICHARD OLSEN

Clark Residence, 1969 Henry Yorke Mann Senec & Mann IMAGE RICHARD OLSEN

Clark Residence, 1969 Henry Yorke Mann Senec & Mann Constructed of 4" solid fir planks splined to each other - treated on the exterior with a preservative and on the interior with a wax sealer. IMAGE HENRY YORKE MANN

Studio in Bristol, Wisconsin, USA, 1970 Alfred Caldwell IMAGE ARCHITECTURE AND NATURE

Studio in Bristol, Wisconsin, USA, 1970 Alfred Caldwell The four inch depth of wood is its own insulation, so the building is intrinsically warm in winter and cool in Summer. Werner Blaser Architecture and Nature: The Work of Alfred Caldwell IMAGE ARCHITECTURE AND NATURE

Colosseum, Rome, 80 AD Flavian Dynasty Skilled Roman Builders & 100,000 Prisoners 0.39m 3 stone / ft 2 area SOURCE: BUILDING THE COLLOSEUM IMAGE DUDVA WIKIMEDIA

Colosseum, Rome, 80 AD The invention of concrete enabled this massive building to be built quickly, efficiently and to great effect. Early example of off-site manufacture (stairs and seats) SOURCE: BUILDING THE COLLOSEUM

Norwich Open Academy, Norfolk, 2010 Sheppard Robson Ramboll UK KLH UK, 12 installers 0.03m 3 timber / ft 2 area (7.7%) IMAGE HUFTON + CROW

Tower Houses, Ireland & Scotland, 1400s JD O Donaghue IMAGE JG O DONOGHUE

Stadthaus, London, 2008 Waugh Thistleton Techniker KLH UK, 6 Austrians 0.036m 3 timber / ft 2 area (20% more) LIAM DEWAR IMAGE WAUGH THISTLETON

Carbon Offset British Citizen, 1970s British Citizen: Carbon Footprint = 789 t CO 2 e Crosslam Equivalent = 1,000 m 3 Building Equivalent = 32,300 ft 2 Housing Equivalent = 20 houses IMAGE STEVE COLEMAN

Timber Resource British Columbia Mountain Pine Beetle British Columbia: Dead Pine = 1 billion m 3 Crosslam Equivalent = 333 million m 3 Building Equivalent = 1 billion ft 2 Housing Equivalent = 620,000 houses Carbon Offset = 31,000 people IMAGE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

Two Options More timber houses: Build timber in lieu of concrete; Build more houses (more completions / annum) More timber per house: Mass timber rather than timber frame; Heavy mass timber increase m 3 timber / ft 2 area Use woodfibre insulation, timber cladding, etc. IMAGE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

Heavy Mass Timber Mass Timber Structure + Insulation + Cladding IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House, London, 2006 Adjaye Associates Eurban, 4 installers 0.045m 3 timber / ft 2 area (50% more) IMAGE ED REEVE

Sunken House IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House IMAGE MERK TIMBER

Sunken House IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House

Sunken House IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House LIAM DEWAR IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House IMAGE ED REEVE

Sunken House IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House

Sunken House IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House

Sunken House IMAGE EURBAN

Sunken House IMAGE ED REEVE

Sunken House, London, 2006 Project Data CLIENT Private ARCHITECT Adjaye Associates CONCRETE ENGINEER Techniker TIMBER ENGINEER Eurban MAIN CONTRACTOR None (Construction Management) TIMBER CONTRACTOR Eurbanm2 FLOOR AREA 1,615 ft 2 INSTALLATION PERIOD 1 week MATERIALS USED Crosslam / LVL / Cassettes MANUFACTURER Merk Timber COMPONENT THICKNESSES 160mm (Walls); 300mm (Roof) STORED CARBON 58 t CO2e

Architecture Archive, Somerset, 2014 Hugh Strange Architects Eurban, 4 installers 0.075m 3 timber / ft 2 area (150% more) IMAGE DAVID GRANDORGE

Architecture Archive IMAGE HUGH STRANGE ARCHITECTS

Architecture Archive IMAGE EURBAN

Architecture Archive IMAGE DAVID GRANDORGE

Architecture Archive IMAGE EURBAN

Architecture Archive IMAGE DAVID GRANDORGE

Winery, Vauvert, France, 1998 Perraudin Architecture Gilles Perraudin, 1 installer IMAGE PERRAUDIN ARCHITECTURE

Architecture Archive IMAGE DAVID GRANDORGE

Architecture Archive, Somerset, 2014 Project Data CLIENT Private ARCHITECT Hugh Strange Architects CONCRETE ENGINEER Price & Myers TIMBER ENGINEER Eurban MAIN CONTRACTOR None (Construction Management) TIMBER CONTRACTOR Eurban/ m2 FLOOR AREA 1,290 ft 2 INSTALLATION PERIOD 2 weeks MATERIALS USED Crosslam / Glulam MANUFACTURER Stora Enso Wood Products COMPONENT THICKNESSES 300mm (Walls); 420mm (Roof) STORED CARBON t CO2e