roma Projects 16 Created 12-Jan-10 By Luca Trabattoni, Lodi, EUR district Marcello Piacentini urban plan Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana Corviale Auditorium Parco della Musica Palazzetto dello Sport Ara Pacis Museum Jubilee Church 5 Maxxi Olympic Village 1960 11 Termini Train Station 12 Palazzo delle Poste 13 Adalberto Libera office 6 Lateran University Library Extension 14 King Roselli Architetti library 7 Tor Vergata Laboratories 15 IaN+ laboratorium 8 Richard Meier church 10 Angiolo Mazzoni train station Richard Meier museum 4 Pier Luigi Nervi sport Il Girasole Luigi Moretti dwellings, housing, sport Renzo Piano auditorium, music theatre 3 Mario Fiorentino housing Luigi Moretti apartment, private house Giovanni Guerrini museum 2 La Sapienza University Campus 16 Marcello Piacentini laboratorium, student housing, university 9 Zaha Hadid s museum http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ La Rinascente Rome 17 Franco Albini cafe, commercial space, shop 1
photo: Raban Haaijk photo: Raban Haaijk EUR district Viale della civiltà del lavoro 100 00144 Rome The Esposizione Universale Roma (EUR, originally called EUR42) is a large complex, now a suburban area and business centre, started in 1935 by Benito Mussolini and planned to open in 1942 to celebrate twenty years of Fascism In urban planning terms, EUR42 was designed to direct the expansion of Rome towards the south-west, connecting it to the sea The planned exhibition never took place due to 's defeat in World War II EUR offers a large-scale image of how urban might have looked, if the Fascist regime had not fallen; wide axially planned streets and austere buildings, inspired by ancient Roman architecture, or Rationalism, modern architecture but built using traditional limestone, tufa and marble 1942 Main designer, Urban planner Urban planner Marcello Piacentini Giuseppe Pagano Benito Mussolini Metro B (blue line): termini Magliana/EUR marconi and EUR fermi http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 2
Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana Viale della civiltà del lavoro 10 00144 Rome The most representative building of the "Fascist" style at the EUR district is Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana, an iconic project which has since become known as the cubic or the "Colosseo Quadrato" the Square Colosseum It is particularly symbolic of this district, exemplifying its monumentality The design of the "Square Colosseum" was inspired more to celebrate the Colosseum, and the structure was intended by Benito Mussolini as a celebration of the older Roman landmark Similar to the Colosseum, the palace has a series of superimposed loggias, shown on the façade as six rows of nine arches each These numbers are an allusion to the name of the Fascist dictator: "Benito" having six letters and "Mussolini," nine It is a parallelepiped on a square base, with six levels rising above a podium The scale is imposing: the base covers an area of 8,400 square meters, and the building has volume 205,000 cubic meters with a height 68 meters (50 meters from the base) 1943 Main designer, Giovanni Guerrini Ernesto Bruno La Padula Mario Romano Benito Mussolini In 2003 a large renovation process started, allegedly turning the building into a museum, but in mid 2007 is still wasn't open Metro B (blue line): termini Magliana/EUR marconi and EUR fermi http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 3
Corviale Via Poggio Verde 100 00148 Rome Corviale is one of the housing projects built on the outskirts of Rome in the 1970's as part of the 1964 regional plan to alleviate crowding in the older central city It is well-known as the longest single residential building in Europe: an 11-story high slab of apartments nearly 1 km in length Conceived as an independent community for about 8000 people including other facilities such as schools, shopping, recreation facilities and even a church, the building was based on the idea of social housing to provide all needed infrastructures of a city within the complex itself, and to encourage social contacts between the occupants For internal and political reasons many of these originally planned structures were never realized or are, almost 20 years after the first occupants moved in, still unfinished The area suffers from the lack of an adequate metropolitan infrastructure and it remains isolated from the greater city of which it was intended to be a part photo: Letizia Gañan 1983 Mario Fiorentino Instituto Autonomo per le Case Populari The general public places inside this housing block are open for the public to visit Better not go there at night! Metro A (red line): Termini Cornelia (10 stops) Bus 889: with direction Mazzacurati (26 stops), get out at poggio verde/quadrelli http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 4
photo: Naomi Schiphorst photo: Naomi Schiphorst Auditorium Parco della Musica Viale Pietro de Coubertin 15 00196 Rome http://wwwauditoriumcom/ The Parco della Musica is a large public music complex on the north side of Rome, exploiting a spacious site that was part of the 1960 Olympic area It is composed of three separate giant bug-like halls whose forms are inspired by musical instruments Positioned around an open air amphitheatre, the halls look like three enormous music boxes, whose colours and materials recall those of the domes dotting the urban landscape of Rome Each concert hall differs from the other in terms of dimension and functions, but they are all characterized by an extreme flexibility and versatility of the space By these means, space can be regulated and adjusted to the nature of performance, where floor and ceiling can be moved to adjust the acoustic properties of the wall The interiors are entirely made of cherry-wood, which best resolved acoustic problems photo: Raban Haaijk 12-2002 Structural engineer Building costs consultant Renzo Piano Arup Davis Langdon & Everest City of Rome MI_MOA Weekdays: architectural tours by reservation only for groups min 10 people Saturday, Sunday and holidays: departures every 60 minutes from 1130 to 1630 Other shifts by reservation only for schools and groups of 10 to 40 people Tickets: guided tour: Adults 9 euros, reduction for groups of 10 to 40 people and over 65: 7 euros; to 26, students, school groups organized 5 euros Information via visiteguidate@musicaperromait The Auditorium Parco della Musica of Rome is in Viale Pietro de Coubertin, near the Palazzetto dello Sport, off Viale Tiziano, in the Flaminio district of Rome, by the Villaggio Olimpico and can be easily reached by public transport: Bus: 910 and 217 from Termini Station; 53 and 231 from Piazza Mancini; Linea M special bus route between Termini Station and Auditorium, from 17:00 every 15 min Tram: 2 from Piazzale Flaminio Trains: Metro A line to Flaminio stop then no2 tram http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 5
photo: Naomi Schiphorst photo: Naomi Schiphorst Palazzetto dello Sport Piazza Apollodoro 1 00196 Rome Built for the 1960 Olympics, the palazzetto is a modest sports stadium in an innovative concrete dome Designed by Pier Luigi Nervi it hosted boxing among other sports during the Olympic Games The innovative dome is made of ribbed reinforced concrete The lower half of the dome has continuous ribbon of window the whole way around the circular stadium, beneath the elegantly ribbed, white-painted concrete ceiling A wonderful space Pier Luigi Nervi was educated and practised as a "building engineer" in After 1932, his aesthetically pleasing designs were used for major projects This was due to the booming number of construction projects at the time which used concrete and steel in Europe and the architecture aspect took a step back to the potential of engineering Nervi successfully made reinforced concrete the main structural material of the day He died in 1979 1957 Pier Luigi Nervi City of Rome / 1960 Olympics MI_MOA photo: Naomi Schiphorst The stadium is in use and so not formally open to the public for visits But you can buy a ticket to a sports-event and enjoy! The stadium is in the former Olympic park towards the north of Rome, just north of the Stadio Flaminio (also by Pier Luigi Nervi) Piazza Apolladoro is at the intersection of the Viale Tiziano (running north-south) and Viale P De Coubertin (running east-west), home of the Parco della Musica http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 6
Ara Pacis Museum Lungotevere in Augusta 00100 Rome http://wwwarapacisit/ The Ara Pacis Museum, located along the Tiber River, near the Ponte Cavour, on the western edge of the Piazza Augusto Imperatore, is an integral part of the urban context of the Augustean Area It is designed to house the ancient relic, the Ara Pacis Augustae, a sacrificial altar dating to 9 BC, originally housed in a building designed by Vittorio Ballio Morpurgo in 1938 The only surviving part of the Morpurgo structure is a low travertine wall that Mussolini had engraved with the "Res Gestae" (the Acts of the Divine Augustus) The new design protects and enhances the relic The travertine comes from the same quarry as the stone that was used to build the Piazza of the Emperor Augustus in the Thirties; it was also, more recently, used by Richard Meier for the Getty Centre in Los Angeles and other important architectural works 2006 Richard Meier City of Rome Tuesday-Sunday 900am-700pm; 24th and 31st December 900am-200pm (the ticket office closes an hour in advance) Monday, 1st January, 1st May and 25th December From Termini: METRO LINE A to BATTISTINI for 4 stops Get off at Flaminio Walk about 850 m down Via di Ripetta From Rome Ostiense station: Go to OSTIENSE/MATTEUCCI stop Take no 716 bus (marked for TEATRO MARCELLO) for 7 stops Get off at PETROSELLI Take no 628 bus (marked MARESCIALLO GIARDINO) for 9 stops Get off at LGT AUGUSTA/ARA PACIS On foot from Piazza di Spagna: Follow Via dei Condotti to its end, about 700 m Then continue down Via Tomacelli until you reach bank of Tiber http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 7
photo: Eelkje Meindertsma Jubilee Church Via Francesco Tovaglieri 00155 Rome http://wwwdiopadremisericordiosoit/ The Parisch Church of Dio Padre Misericordioso built as part of the Vicarage project 50 Churches for Rome 2000 was designed as a mark and symbol of the Grand Jubilee of 2000 it takes on the idea of a ship, a ship which ploughs the seas of the Third millennium The Jubilee Church has been conceived as a new center for a somewhat isolated housing quarter in the Tor Tre Teste area, located outside central Rome The three shells discretely imply the Holy Trinity, the reflecting pool symbolizes water in the ritual of Baptism 2003 Richard Meier City of Rome morning 7:30 12:30 afternoon 15:30 19:30 Bus 105 (STAZNE GROTTE CELONI)for 24 stops, get out at CASILINA/TOBAGI Walk for another 100 m to the busstop TOBAGI, to take bus number 556 (GARDENIE) for another 12 stops, get out at the stop TOVAGLIERI / ERMOLI http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 8
photo: Raban Haaijk photo: Raban Haaijk Maxxi Via Guido Reni 6 00196 Rome http://wwwfondazionemaxxiit/ The MAXXI_National Museum of the XXI Century Arts is a new institution of the Ministry for Cultural Heritage and Activities of In 1998 the ministry advertised the international call for tenders and among the 273 candidacies the winning project of Zaha Hadid convinced the jury because of its possibilities to integrate with the urban texture and the innovative and highly creative architectonical solution The complexity of shapes, their sinuous outline, the variation and interlacing of dimensions, determine a spatial and functional plot of great complexity The two museums - MAXXI art and MAXXI architecture revolve around the full-height grand hall, from where the reception services, the cafeteria, the bookshop, the didactic laboratories, the auditorium, the live event halls, the galleries dedicated to temporary exhibitions and the collections of graphics and photography are accessed 2008 Zaha Hadid s Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali photo: Raban Haaijk Tuesday Sunday 1100-1900 closed Monday From termini starion, take busline 910 (MANCINI) for 18 fermate, get of at stop FLAMINIA/RENI walk 250 metres to via guido reni 6 http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 9
Il Girasole Viale Brunno Buozzi 64 00197 Rome Nicknamed the sunflower, probably derived from the plan organization and the petal-like extensions which open -sunflower-like- to one side of the building, 2 large apartments per floor, spread outward from an interior courtyard The street façade is remarkable as an abstract surface turned, like a sunflower, to face the south sun The façade contains contradictory illusions The vertical cleft which reveals the depth of the courtyard within, with right and left sides misaligned at the top, would seem to invite the absolution of planer surface but does just the opposite Built in a district of apartment blocks, it had to respond to the same zoning limitations Moretti's reputation was established by 1936 when, at the age of 29, he designed the fencing hall at Mussolini's heroic new sports centre for Rome, the Foro Italico, an exercise in rationalist design during the Fascist period Later work reveal an architect preoccupied with "organic" building forms and ideas Project is not public! 1950 Luigi Moretti Private From Termini: bus line 910 (MANCINI) to 12 fermate, get out at ANTONELLI/MERCALLI, walk 350 m to viale bruno buozzi, number 64 http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 10
Olympic Village 1960 Viale Diciassettesima Olimpiade Rome The site selected for the 1960 Olympics was a strategic location along the ancient Via Flaminia This area along the flood plain of the Tiber had long been used as a site for sporting events Previously it had been the Piazza d Armi for horse events and there was a hippodrome Is was also easy accessible to Foro Italico across the river to the west where facilities built in the 1930's already existed including a stadium Planned Olympic facilities included 2 stadiums and housing for the athletes One stadium was to be used for football, the Stadio Flaminio, 1959, and the other for indoor sports, the Palazzetto dello Sport, 1958 Designed by Pier Luigi Nervi The apartments were to be used after the games as dwellings for 6500 people The Olympic Village was a showcase project for Rome in the years following World War II In addition to the 2 stadiums and 1500 or so dwellings, the Olympic Village is a more-or-less complete community including shopping, schools, and a church 1962 Main designer, Luigi Moretti Adalberto Libera City of Rome / 1960 Olympics From termini station take busline 217 (XVII OLIMPIADE) for 17 stops get off at stop XVII OLIMPIADE http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 11
photo: Naomi Schiphorst Termini Train Station Piazza dei Cinquecento Rome http://wwwgrandistazioniit/ The actual structure of the train Termini Station in Rome was inaugurated in the occasion of the Saint year of 1950 and constitutes the old edifice in wood of 1867 projected by Salvatore Bianchi The works concerned the area on the hill of Esquilino, close to the Terms of Diocleziano and from which probably the train station takes its name The firm of the projects of the years '30 is due to the architect Angelo Mazzoni, while the actual complex was defined after the war on the design of the architects Montuori and Vitellozzi The resulting structure of the train Termini Station is one of the most significant buildings of modern Rome, essentially characterized by the contrast between the long rectilinear prospective of the edifices recovered of travertine and the curved form of the frontal gable board 1950 Main designer, Angiolo Mazzoni Montuori Vitellozzi City of Rome 24/7 Take the train, you'll probably wont miss it! http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 12
Palazzo delle Poste Via Marmorata 39 00153 Rome The Post Office on Via Marmorata in Rome is designed by Libera, an extremely able and talented creative architect more influenced by Futurism than Rationalism His activity as founder and secretary of MIAR enabled him to establish a close working relationship with the high-up officials of the Fascist regime in Rome, where all the big decisions were taken about funding public construction programmes, and who were responsible for commissioning the hundreds of new public buildings required for Mussolini's modernisation programmes Thanks to these connections he had a prolific career throughout the Fascist regime and designed many notable buildings during the 1930s, some of which are masterpieces of the international modern movement One of the most important is his Palazzo dei Congressi (Palace of Congress) at the EUR in Rome This building shows Libera's great ability to design ambiguously in a spare, metaphysical language that sits on a knife-edge between modernism and neo-classicism 1932 Adalberto Libera City of Rome http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 13
photo: Santi Caleca photo: Santi Caleca Lateran University Library Extension Piazza San Giovanni in Laterano 4 00120 Rome http://cmspulit/ The Lateran University Library in Rome found itself unable to cope with the growing number of books and the increasing requests from users This resulted in the decision to create a new building to house a large, public reading room with annexed archives, easily accessible from both the external plaza and, via a first floor corridor, from the adjacent university buildings The new structure with the reading rooms is volumetrically characterized by a sharp contrast between solids and voids or, in terms of effect, between light and shadow These effects are obtained by significant cuts in the masonry and long strip windows that illuminate the interior spaces What is more, the decision to recess the glazing means there is no need for any 'add-on' form of shading; the façade itself functions as a brise-soleil Inside, the reading room is designed as an open central space encircled by a succession of three ramps Their stepped form is rendered lightweight by the use of glass balustrades photo: Santi Caleca Project is not public! Floor area/size 10-2006 2660 m² Lighting designer King Roselli Architetti iguzzini Pontificial Lateran University Luigi_Prestinenza Monday - Friday: 0830-1845 The library is normally not public, but with some luck you can encounter a visitor with keys Entry into the reading room is allowed for students of the Pontifical Lateran University, through a card smart Such a card can be issued to external students following a request to be presented at the reception Library Service: tel: 06-69895609 Library Fax: 06-69886107 e-mail: biblioteca@pulit The library lies in-between the Via dei Laterani and the Palazzo del Laterano, somewhat hidden and accessed from a smaller street The Library is accessible from the center with lines Atac 81, 85, 87, is also reachable from Termini by metro line A, Manzoni and S Giovanni http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 14
photo: Alessandro Ciampi photo: Alessandro Ciampi Tor Vergata Laboratories Via Fermo Corni 6 00156 Rome In a semi-rural part of Rome, a new element rises above the ground plane The site was once a farm in an agricultural village that is now part of the University of Rome Tor Vergata campus, a grouping of offices and scientific research departments, and a splendid place to work, far from the noisy city Working in a context tied to elements of tradition, IaN+ have managed to develop an interesting experiment in this three-storey building for the hydrobiology department The architecture becomes part of a process of exchange with its surrounding context creating a simple element - a paralelepiped that is subjected to the effects of deformation The exterior surface is rough, as though irritated by the toxic solvents inside the building, and painted red to blend in with the nearby farmhouses A shift in the ridge line produces a double sloping roof that is a hybrid of a single slope and a flat roof A large glass wall projects forward creating a cantilever, as well as a viewfinder Project is not public! 2004 IaN+ University of Rome Matteo_Costanzo photo: Alessandro Ciampi http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 15
photo: Evan Chakroff photo: Evan Chakroff La Sapienza University Campus Sapienza University of Rome 00185 Rome http://wwwuniroma1it/ Piacentini was appointed by Mussolini to design the masterplan for what is now known as 'La Sapienza' (Università di Roma) campus He designed the main building, but many young Italian architects of the day contributed to the scheme: Arnaldo Foschini (Monumental Entrance), Pietro Aschieri (Faculty of Chemistry), Giuseppe Pagano (Institute of Physics), Giuseppe Capponi (Botany & Pharmacology), Gaetano Rapisardi (Faculty of Law), Gio Ponti (Institute of Mathematics) and Giovanni Michelucci (Mineralogy & Geology) The masterplan was intended to include "very Roman" buildings in brick and travertine, but the young designers used these materials primarily as cladding on buildings constructed using the latest building technologies and stripped of ornament in a Roman interpretation of international Modernism The complex stands in contrast to the EUR district of several years later, as it represents Fascist modernism yet still retains a human sense of scale photo: Evan Chakroff 1935, Urban planner Associate architect Associate architect Associate architect Associate architect Marcello Piacentini Arnaldo Foschini Gaetano Rapisardi Gio Ponti Giovanni Michelucci evanc La Sapienza is within a 20 minute walk of Termini Station From Termini, head south-west on Via Marsala (which runs along the north side of the tracks) Turn left on Via Castro Pretorio, follow this as it turns into Viale dell'universita Turn right on Viale della Scienza The main entrance will be on your left http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 16
photo: Evan Chakroff photo: Evan Chakroff La Rinascente Rome Piazza Fiume 00198 Rome http://wwwlarinascenteit/webapp/ Albini's work had always dealt with history and tradition but here he used varied historical references in concert to produce something contemporary Perhaps taking the meaning of 'La Rinascente' - 'the rebirth' - too literally, his design maintains the basic massing of the 1887 Rinascente building on Via Del Corso and transmutes the geometry of its cornice profiles into steel The expressed steel frame structure is complemented by red masonry infill panels whose material mirrors the immediate context However, these are not simply flat infill panels; they are folded, and the subtle geometry suggests engaged columns: a Renaissance façade redone with contemporary technology photo: Evan Chakroff 1961 Main designer, Franco Albini Franca Helg La Rinascente evanc http://wwwmimoaeu/users/luca_t/guides/roma/ 17