Pennsylvania Magazine

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1 THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXX THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA

3 CONTENTS ARTICLES Page Franklin's Last Portrait Charles Coleman Sellers 5 Franklin and His Friends Choose Their Books Edwin Wolf, 2nd 11 Franklin Attends a Book Auction John B. Shipley 37 "Cash D r To Benjamin Franklin" Penrose R. Hoopes 46 Congress Voting Independence. The Trumbull and Pine-Savage Paintings James M. Mulcahy 74 A British Editor Reports the American Revolution. With Curious Side Lights on Benjamin Franklin J. Bennett Nolan 92 The First Purchasers of Pennsylvania, John E. Pomfret 137 Plan of Philadelphia Nicholas B. Wainwright 164 The Missing Evidence: Penn v. Baltimore Nicholas B. Wainwright 227 William Penn on Public and Private Affairs, 1686: An Important New Utter Frederick B. Tolles 236 Thomas Gist's Indian Captivity, Howard H. Peckham 285 The Anchor Club, Defender of Federalism Leo A. Bressler 312 The Military Occupation of Columbia County: A Re-examination William W. Hummel 320 Howard Pyle, Teacher of Illustration Richard Wayne Lykes 339 A Key to the Identification of Franklin's Books Edwin Wolf, 2nd 407 The Retirement Income of Mathew Carey David Kaser 410 William Peter, Her Majesty's Consul at Philadelphia, Joseph Alfred Boromé 416 Ogle's Omnibus of Lies Robert Gray Gunderson 443 Lurid Literature of the Last Century: The Publications of E. E. Barclay Thomas M. McDade 452 Henry C. Lea, Scientific Historian William M. Armstrong 465 Augustus C. Buell, Fraudulent Historian Milton W. Hamilton 478 Henry Adams and Wayne MacVeagh Warner B. Berthoff and David Bonnell Green 493 BOOK REVIEWS 113, 248, 371, 513 REPORT OF THE TREASURER 273 iii

4 ILLUSTRATIONS Benjamin Franklin Charles Willson Peale facing p. 5 Benjamin Franklin Rembrandt Peale facing p. 10 The Declaration of Independence John Trumbull facing p. 82 Congress Voting Independence Pine-Savage facing p. 90 Plan of Philadelphia William Parsons pp Identifying Marks in Franklin's Books facing p. 408 Publications of E. E. Barclay The Pirate's Bride..., cover p. 455 A Confession of the Awful and Bloody Transactions in the Life of Charles Wallace..., title page p. 458 The Lady Lieutenant..., cover p. 461 iv

5 THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA OFFICERS President BOYD LEE SPAHR BOIES PENROSE CONYERS READ ROY F. NICHOLS Vice-Presidents WILLIAM C. TUTTLE CHARLES STEWART WURTS HAMILTON V. BAIL Secretary RICHMOND P. MILLER Treasurer FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND Counsel R. STURGIS INGERSOLL Councilors ISAAC H. CLOTHIER, JR. SYDNEY E. MARTIN WILLIAM LOGAN FOX ADOLPH G. ROSENGARTEN, JR. JOHN H. GRADY ERNEST C. SAVAGE HENRY S. JEANES, JR. HAROLD D. SAYLOR ROBERT L. JOHNSON FREDERICK B. TOLLES A. ATWATER KENT, JR. H. JUSTICE WILLIAMS The Council of the Society is composed of the President, Vice-Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer and twelve Councilors. v

6 STANDING COMMITTEES Committee on Finance W. C. TUTTLE, Chairman In consultation with CHARLES STEWART WURTS FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND JOHN H. GRADY Committee on Library and Collections BOIES PENROSE, Chairman ROY F. NICHOLS FREDERIC R. KIRKLAND ERNEST C. SAVAGE HAMILTON V. BAIL Committee on Hall and Buildings HAMILTON V. BAIL, Chairman SYDNEY E. MARTIN H. JUSTICE WILLIAMS A. ATWATER KENT, JR. Committee on Membership and Activities RICHMOND P. MILLER, Chairman MRS. WALTER S. WHEELER HAROLD D. EBERLEIN A. G. ROSENGARTEN, JR. HENRY S. JEANES, JR. Committee on Nominations HENRY S. JEANES, JR., Chairman CHARLES STEWART WURTS ERNEST C. SAVAGE Committee on Publications ROY F. NICHOLS, Chairman CONYERS READ BOIES PENROSE FREDERICK B. TOLLES R. N. WILLIAMS, 2ND vi

7 STAFF Director R. NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2ND Research Librarian and Editor NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Associate Editor LoIs V. GIVEN Assistant in Charge of the Reading Room GEORGE H. FAIRCHILD Assistant in Charge of Manuscripts Division J. HARCOURT GIVENS Assistant in Charge of Photo-reproduction HOWARD T. MITCHELL Assistant to the Treasurer SARA B. POMERANTZ Annual membership $10.00 Life membership PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE, per annum (to non-members) 3.75 Vll

9 Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY JANUARY 1956 Benjamin Franklin Issue PUBLISHED SINCE 1877 BY THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA VOLUME LXXX NUMBER 1

10 BOOK REVIEWS PAGE ROSSITER, Conservatism in America, by Adrienne Koch 113 GRIMES, American Political Thought, by Roy F. Nichols 115 MORISON, Christopher Columbus, Mariner, by Boies Penrose 116 BELL, Early American Science: Needs and Opportunities for Study, by Donald Fleming 117 GOTTESMAN, comp., The Arts and Crafts in New York, , by Charles F. Montgomery 118 MOODY, America Takes the Stage. Romanticism in American Drama and Theatre, , by Edgar L. Potts 119 WARD, Andrew Jackson, Symbol for an Age, by John J. Reed 121 BURNHAM, Presidential Ballots, , by Richard P. McCormick 123 DAVIES, Phrenology: Fad and Science. A 19th-century American Crusade, by O. H. Perry Pepper 124 WRIGHT, Culture on the Moving Frontier, by Wesley Frank Craven 125 JOHNSON, The Frontier Camp Meeting: Religion's Harvest Time, by Louis Filler 127 SPENCER, Booker T. Washington and the Negro's Place in American Life, by Ira De A. Reid 128 BARKER, Henry George, by Arthur P. Dudden 130 CHALFANT, A Goodly Heritage. Earliest Wills on an American Frontier 131 SCOTT, Counterfeiting in Colonial Pennsylvania 132 DOLL, Twenty-five Years of Service, (Carl Schurz Memorial Foundation) 133 THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY is published each quarter in January, April, July and October by THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia 7. Yearly subscription, $3.75; single numbers $1.25. Communications should be addressed to the Editor. The Editors do not assume responsibility for statements of fact or of opinion made by contributors. Entered as second-class matter March 1,1889, at the Post Office at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, under act of March 3,1879.

11 Benjamin Franklin Issue CONTENTS PAGE FRANKLIN'S LAST PORTRAIT Charles Coleman Sellers 5 FRANKLIN AND HIS FRIENDS CHOOSE THEIR BOOKS Edwin Wolf 2nd 11 FRANKLIN ATTENDS A BOOK AUCTION John B. Shipley 37 "CASH D r To BENJAMIN FRANKLIN" Penrose R. Hoopes 46 CONGRESS VOTING INDEPENDENCE. THE TRUMBULL AND PINE- SAVAGE PAINTINGS James M. Mulcahy 74 A BRITISH EDITOR REPORTS THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. WITH CURIOUS SIDE LIGHTS ON BENJAMIN FRANKLIN J. Bennett Nolan 92

12 PRINTED IN U. S. A. by Wm. F. Fell Co., PHILADELPHIA, PA.

13 THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXX January, 1956 EIGHTIETH YEAR OF PUBLICATION Publications Committee ROY F. NICHOLS CONYERS READ BOIES PENROSE FREDERICK B. TOLLES R. NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2ND Editor NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Associate Editor LOIS V. GIVEN

Contributors CHARLES COLEMAN SELLERS, Curator of the manuscripts collection at Dickinson College where he also teaches in the Art Department, is the recognized authority on Charles Willson Peale.

14 Contributors CHARLES COLEMAN SELLERS, Curator of the manuscripts collection at Dickinson College where he also teaches in the Art Department, is the recognized authority on Charles Willson Peale. He is the author of a biography of Peale and of a catalogue of his portraits. An article on Rembrandt Peale by Mr. Sellers was published in the MAGAZINE in July, EDWIN WOLF 2ND, noted bibliographer, is Curator of the Library Company of Philadelphia. His article on the first books and printed catalogues of the Library Company appeared in the MAGAZINE in January, Mr. Wolfs history of the Jews in Philadelphia will be published this year. PENROSE R. HOOPES, consulting mechanical engineer, is the author of a history of early Connecticut clockmaking and of a number of articles on eighteenth-century craftsmanship. He is the Chairman of the Library Committee of the Franklin Institute. JOHN B. SHIPLEY, a graduate of Columbia University, is an Instructor in the English Department at the University of Colorado. His article on Franklin's purchases from James Ralph's library developed from his research for a critical biography of Ralph. JAMES M. MULCAHY is a Museum Specialist with the National Park Service at Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia. He has been responsible in whole or in part for establishing Park Service museums at Manassas, Chickamauga, and Chattanooga parks, and at the Cape Hatteras National Seashore Recreation Area. At present he is gathering information for biographical sketches of Robert Edge Pine and Edward Savage. J. BENNETT NOLAN, a lawyer of Reading, Pennsylvania, has long had an active interest in American history of the eighteenth century. He has written extensively on the history of Reading and Berks County, is the author of two books on Franklin, and has contributed several articles to the MAGAZINE.

16 The Historical Society of Pennsylvania BENJAMIN FRANKLIN By Charles Willson Peak

Pennsylvania Magazine

THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME LXXVIII THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA 7 1954 STAFF Director R. NORRIS WILLIAMS, 2D Research Librarian