Renaissance to Georgian in The Low Countries and England Colonial and Federal America

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1 Oman College of Management & Technology COURSE NAME: HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN PROPOSED BY: DR.MOHAMED ALNEJEM SEMESTER: FIRST 2015/2016 CHAPTER (6): -Renaissance to Georgian in The Low Countries and England -Colonial and Federal America 1 CHAPTER 6 : Renaissance to Georgian in The Low Countries and England Colonial and Federal America 2 1

2 English Renaissance PERIODS OF THE RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE IN ENGLAND EARLY RENAISSANCE ELIZABETHAN PERIOD (1558 to 1603 AD) JACOBEAN PERIOD (1603 to 1625 AD) LATE RENAISSANCE STUART PERIOD (1625 to 1702 AD) GEORGIAN PERIOD (1702 to 1830 AD) 2

3 Elizabeth Period The term Elizabethan Period Ruled longer than any other king during the Renaissance Achieved new heights in world affairs, in art, in literature, in music Jacobean Period The term Jacobean Period Left no heirs Scotland Became King James I of England Ruled from

4 THE RENAISSANCE IN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL THE RENAISSANCE IN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL The Early Period ( ). There had been produced by this time style as rich and poetic as any in Europe. Classical Period ( ). marked by a closer adherence to Italian Renaissance art. Baroque Period ( ) characterized by a reaction from the correct and frigid formalism observed by Herrera and his followers. The ANTIQUARIAN PERIOD ( ) architecture turned more and more towards ancient classical models at this time. 4

5 Colonial Architecture THE 3 BASICS OF DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE: Style Form Structure COLONIAL HOUSE STYLE: New England Colonial House Style Colonial Cape Cod House Style Spanish Colonial House Style German Colonial House Style Dutch Colonial House Style Georgian Colonial House Style French Colonial House Style 5

6 New England Colonial The first British settlers in New England built simple timberframe houses like the ones they had known in their home country. Colonial Cape Cod Much later, in the late 1800s and early 1900s, a renewed interest in America's past inspired a variety of Colonial Revival styles. Twentieth century Cape Cod houses often have dormers. 6

7 Spanish Colonial Settlers in the Spanish territories of North America built simple, low homes made using rocks, adobe brick, or stucco. Settling in Florida, California, and the American Southwest, settlers from Spain and Mexico built homes with many features. German Colonial German Settlers in the American colonies used local materials to recreate building styles from their homeland. Schifferstadt Architectural Museum in Frederick, Maryland is a landmark example of German Colonial Architecture. 7

8 Dutch Colonial Settling along the Hudson River in the land that became New York State, Dutch colonists built brick and stone homes like those found in the Netherlands. Modern-day Dutch Colonial Revival houses borrow the gambrel roof found on historic Dutch Colonial houses. Georgian Colonial House Styles c Spacious and comfortable, Georgian Colonial architecture reflected the rising ambition of a young country. Georgian ideals came to New England via pattern books, and Georgian styling became a favorite of well-to-do colonists. 8

9 French Colonial French colonists in the Mississippi Valley built houses especially suited to the hot wet climate of their new home. During the early 1700s, French colonists settled in the Mississippi Valley, especially in Louisiana. Classical House Styles Federal and Adam House Style Greek Revival House Style Tidewater House Style Antebellum Architecture 9

10 Federal and Adam House Styles Graceful details distinguish Federal homes from the pragmatic Georgian colonial style. Like much of America's architecture, the Federal (or Federalist) style has its roots in the British Isles. It's easy to confuse Federalist architecture with the earlier Georgian Colonial style. Greek Revival With details reminiscent of the Parthenon, stately, pillared Greek Revival homes reflect a passion for antiquity. In the mid-19th century, many prosperous Americans believed that ancient Greece represented the spirit of democracy. 10

11 Tidewater Style 1800s Built in coastal areas of the American South, these homes were designed for wet, hot climates. The main roof extends over the porches without interruption. Antebellum Antebellum means "before war" in Latin. The term Antebellum refers to elegant plantation homes built in the American South in the 30 years or so preceding the Civil War. Antebellum is not a particular house style. Rather, it is a time and place in history. 11

12 American Painting Four famous American paintings: The unfinished portrait of George Washington Marilyn Monroe American Gothic Three flags ROMANTIC and VECTORIAL ARCHITECTURE 12

13 ROMANTIC ARCHITECTURE "Gothic" windows with distinctive pointed arches. Exposed framing timbers. Vaulted roofs with crossgables. VICTORIAN ARCHITECTURE The last true Victorians were constructed in the early 1900s. These homes combine modern materials with 19th century details, such as curved towers and spindled porches. 13