Female Convicts of Parramatta Barry G Bullivant OAM June M Bullivant OAM Granville Historical Society Inc.

Transcription

1 Female Convicts of Parramatta Barry G Bullivant OAM June M Bullivant OAM Granville Historical Society Inc.

2 Old Bailey Courtroom, London c1808

3 Grangegorman Prison, Brixton Convicts Where Incarcerated Here Prior To Deportation.

4 The Ironing Room Convict Labour

5 The Nursery Brixton

6 Elizabeth Fry nee Gurney English Prison Reformer Visiting Female Prisoners In Gaol.

7 Arrival of the First Fleet 26 January 1788 Mitchell Library NSW

8 The Landing 26 January 1788

9 Unloading The Ships January 1788

10 The Aboriginal Community

11 Aboriginal Uprisings Pemulway Warrior

12 Sketch of Sydney Cove 1803

13 Convict Hut Government House Parramatta c1798

14 Sarah Watkins- John Ellison 1810 Sarah was the daughter of Thomas and Sarah Watkins, who was christened at St. Mary Magdalene's Bermondsey 24 August, Sarah was tried at Maidstone Quarter Sessions, Kent 12 January 1809, on June she was convicted of Fraud and sentenced to seven years penal servitude. Sarah had 2 sons by John Ellison by the time she was free by servitude, second son was Thomas, born 14th April 1817, the couple had a further seven children Sarah Watkins is listed as having a Carter s Licence (that is she was licensed to conduct a carting business). Sarah was one of only three women listed to be a carter for Full story sarah-watkins---john-ellison.php

15 John Ellison - Convict

16 Sarah Bishop Ellison- Phillip Hunt Gundagai Floods 1852 Richard Hunt, his wife Sarah Bishop Hunt nee Ellison, and their children Emily 11, Richard 9, Caroline 7, and John James 3, perished. The Hunt family had in previous floods been able to find security from the rising waters of the Murrumbidgee River by taking shelter in the loft.

17 Gaol Green View From the East Prince Alfred Square, Parramatta

18 George Mealmaker Master Weaver George Mealmaker ( ), political transportee, was born on 10 February 1768 at Dundee, Scotland, the son of John Mealmaker, weaver, and his wife Alison. A hand-loom weaver. He was, active and extreme member of the 'Friends of Liberty' in Dundee early in 1791, a group formed to uphold the principles of the French revolution. In mid-1793 he wrote against the power and the cruel and oppressive rule of the British government, and was transported for sedition. In August 1803 Governor King appointed Mealmaker for four years, to supervise the work at the Female Factory, Parramatta, he put four looms to work, and King's accounts of the industry tell a thorough success story. Mealmaker received a conditional pardon and generous profits for his time at the Factory. He died on 30 March 1808 and is buried in St John s Cemetery, Parramatta.

19 Gaol Green Female Factory Top Of Prison

20 Second Parramatta Female Factory Built by Francis Greenway Convict Architect Augustus Earle 1826

21 Francis Greenway Convict - Architect Francis Greenway ( ), architect, was born at Mangotsfield, near Bristol, England, son of Francis Greenway and Ann, née Webb. The Greenways had been stonemasons, builders and architects in the west country for generations. Francis was in private practice as an architect in Bristol when in March 1812 he was found guilty of forging a document. He was sentenced to death, changed to transportation for 14 years. He had married Mary in In February 1814 he arrived on the transport General Hewitt, followed in July by his wife Mary and his three children on the Broxbornebury. Governor Lachlan Macquarie appointed him Civil Architect, the first official State Architect, he designed many buildings in Sydney, The Female Factory, the Convict Barracks in Sydney, and St Marks Church at Granville.

22 Elizabeth Fulloon -1 st Matron Elizabeth Fulloon was the first Matron at the Factory. She arrived on the ship Brothers in 1824 with her five children Elizabeth, Maria, Matilda, John and Charles. Elizabeth Azire married John Fulloon 7 April 1802 at Saint Mary, Whitechapel. Elizabeth was married three times, John Fulloon died at sea on board the ship Brothers, she then married Robert Raine a bachelor from Bathurst, St Phillip s Church Sydney, on 13 November 1826 by Reverend Cowper. Robert Raine died on 9 September 1828 in Parramatta, New South Wales, at the age of 43. In the coroner s report Mr. Robert Raine, was found dead in the Parramatta River, on Tuesday, the 9 th Day of September and returned a Verdict of Wilful Murder against person or persons unknown. William John Speed Transported for bigamy, He was married four times and had seven sons and four daughters. He died on 26 April 1838 in Sydney, New South Wales, having lived a long life of 78 years.

23 Matron Ann Gordon 1827 Ann Gordon (c ), female factory superintendent, was born at Portsmouth, England, daughter of James King, government courier, and his wife Ann, née Ovey. In October 1827 Ann was appointed superintendent and matron of the Female Factory at Parramatta. Possibly Gordon had experience in handling female convicts at Newcastle. At a salary of 150 per annum, including quarters, fuel and light, she received less than her predecessor's 200, although throughout her time there she had a larger not always co-operative staff of two or three assistant matrons, a storekeeper, a clerk, a portress and a gatekeeper constable. By 1835 there was also a midwife and several monitresses' chosen from the best-behaved women. Source Australian Dictionary of Biography

24 Matron s Quarters Courtesy Terry Smith

25 Riots - the factory was the site of possibly the first female workers riot in Australia in Other riots have been identified 1832, (2) 1833, 1836 & 1843 the reasons included discontent, reduction in food rations. 40 females take off for Toongabbie 19 still missing Riots 1827 Riot

26 Ann Westwater 1828 William Law Arrested in October 1826 for housebreaking in Scotland. Ann was convicted and transported to NSW on the "Princess Charlotte" arriving 6 August William Law escaped capture. When apprehended she was sent to the third class women's section of the Factory. Here in February 1828, she was placed into solitary confinement for fighting. Ann was assigned out to Bathurst and returned to the factory pregnant to another convict. The child Isabella, was sent to the Female Orphan School at Rydalmere. William was convicted of another crime but married Ann when she was at the Female Factory. The couple was married at St John s Church in Terry Smith Ann died in 1887, William in They are both buried in St Stephen s Church yard Penrith.

27 Severe Punishment for Women Ann received severe punishment for a young woman, she had her head shaved for getting drunk and assaulting another inmate. Terry Smith

28 Parramatta Female Orphanage

29 Mary Ahern, Dairy Maid

30 Ronda And Brother John Gaffey Tour The Factory Parramatta Advertiser

31 Mary Ahern AHERN, Mary arrived on ship Palambam 1831,aged 20, religion Catholic, living in Cork, a dairy maid her crime stealing money, she was tried at Cork, 14th August 1830, she was sentenced to 7 years transportation Mary was described as 5 feet 2¼ inches tall with ruddy, freckled and much pock-pitted skin, hair brown, eyes hazel with a diagonal scar at the forehead in centre and horizontally onto right side. Left little finger crooked at point, and a flat nose. Photo courtesy of Margaret Szalay Married Joseph Jones in Newcastle 1833.

32 Joseph Jones Born October 1801 Parish of St Andrews Holborn, London Joseph Jones, a convict per Hadlow (1) 24 th Dec 1818 New South Wales He was 5'5". dark pockmarked complexion, brown hair, dark eyes. Married Mary Ahearn 12 th January 1833, and remained in the Hunter for the next 16 years. Most of their 10 children were born in the Hunter. At the end of the 1840s depression they returned to Sydney, living in Sussex street Photo Courtesy of Margaret Szalay Joseph died 14 th May 1870

33 Mary Ahern Sent to Newcastle Gaol Photo 1870

34 Anne Dunne 1831 Anne Dunne was transported for seven years. Her crime was stealing Irish linen. She had one previous conviction. Anne arrived in 1831 with a son, John. They both went directly to the Parramatta female factory. Anne married James Tompkins Source: Beth Matthews Anne Mathews

35 Anne Dunne 1831-Servant Anne Dunne worked as a servant to Ann Fulton, the daughter of Reverend Fulton, Ann Fulton married George Wentworth. Anne Dunne was also assigned to Mrs McHenry, nee Sarah Leland Fulton, wife of John McHenry in The McHenry family is buried in the Castlereagh Anglican Cemetery, Castlereagh.

36 Eliza Somers 1830 Mother of Ben Hall Eliza was born in 1808 in Stoke Say, Shropshire, England to Timothy Kelly and Elizabeth Somers. She arrived in the colony in 1830 per the ship Asia 7 on 13 th January 1830, her native place was listed as Dublin, and she was a servant. Her trial was in City of Dublin on 2 nd June 1829, she received seven years for stealing milk. She was five foot three inches tall, with a ruddy pock pitted and freckled complexion, dark brown Hair and Hazel eyes. In the margin of the Certificate Of Freedom it says Murrurundi 10 th September 1846 she was prisoner 30/110 and received her certificate 26 th August 1846.

37 Benjamin Hall Eliza Sommers Benjamin Hall Senior

38 Ben Hall - Bushranger Ben Hall son of Eliza Somers Eliza Hall nee Somers Grave at Murrurundi NSW Photo Jane van Woerkom

39 St John s Church Parramatta

40 3 rd Class Sleeping Quarters 1983 Dr Terry Smith

41 Sisters of Charity Memorial Gregory Davis

42 Mary Aikenhead Their story begins in Cork, Ireland in 1787 with the birth of Mary Aikenhead. Her story can be read on the website of our founding Congregation, the Religious Sisters of Charity that is governed from Ireland. Bishop Polding requested the founder, Mary Aikenhead, to send Sisters of Charity from Ireland to help women convicts sent to Australia. Mary Aikenhead asked for volunteers. Mother Mary John Cahill, Sister Mary John Baptist De Lacy, Sister Mary Xavier Williams, Sister Mary Lawrence Cater and Sister Mary Francis de Sales O Brien volunteered and left Ireland in August The Sisters main concern was religious instruction and care of the sick poor. Parramatta and Sydney still had few good roads and the Sisters walked everywhere, going to government hospitals, orphanages, schools and gaols. The Sisters of Charity were the first religious women seen in Australia. With kind permission The Sisters of Charity.

43 Sisters of Charity Judith M Dunn OAM

44 Thomas Keneally A.M. and Meg Keneally Descendents

45 Mary Shields - Mary Shields, transported from Limerick for stealing clothing from Thomas Reardon. She came on the Whitby in 1839 with her son Michael Flynn, then aged three, she was send to the Factory. She met her husband Hugh Larkin at Cooma where she was an assigned servant, where she met Meg Keneally s great-great grandfather. Married Hugh Larkin 16 March 1848 St Peters and St Pauls Church, Goulburn. The couple had five children. Mary died in childbirth on 1 st November 1854, she is buried in the Mortis Street Cemetery, Goulburn. In the same grave as her daughter Mary who died eleven days, her headstone erected by her husband Hugh was later vandalised and smashed.

46 Elizabeth Jones Samuel Onions Elizabeth Jones aged 18 Years Female Factory 1828 Census Barry Bullivant.

47 Other Female Factories in Australia 13 female factory sites in the colony Parramatta, (2) Newcastle Bathurst Port Macquarie (2) Morton Bay (2) Hobart Town- Cascades Ross 1 building the caretakers cottage Launceston George Town Parramatta was the model and predates the others (c 1818) Parramatta site earliest female convict site still in existence

48 Front Gates Mental Asylum Terry Smith

49 Gipps Solitary Cell Blocks Society of Genealogists

50 The Parramatta Weir, - flat stones were used for washing. Terry Smith

51 Former Matron s Quarters and Lying In Hospital 2015 Gregory Davis Gregory Davis

52 Storekeepers Quarters Committee Rooms Gregory Davis

53 Male Ward 5 Parramatta Asylum Gregory Davis

54 Third Class Women s Quarters 2015 Gregory Davis

55 Gate to Gipps Yard 2015 Gregory Davis

56 Main Kitchen East Facade Gregory Davis

57 Male Ward 1 East Façade Parramatta Asylum Gregory Davis

58 Urban Growth Plans For Site Andrew Quah

59 Female Convicts of Parramatta Granville Historical Society Inc Project funded by Parramatta City Council City of Parramatta Council Grant