Responsible and Innovative Land Administration

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1 Responsible and Innovative Land Administration An Example from Ethiopia 3 RD DECEMBER 2018

2 Outline A few words about NIRAS Fit-for-purpose: A low-tech disruptive approach? The REILA Project in Ethiopia Bernd Eversmann Technical Director Land, NIRAS International Consulting 2

3 NIRAS International Consulting In 2018, more than 300 in-house staff 27 Offices in Europe, Asia Latin America and Africa 300 projects with > 1500 project staff members

4 4 Increasing Pressure on Land Current Land Administration Solutions don t scale well

5 5 Increasing Pressure on Land Current Land Administration Solutions don t scale well

6 6 Increasing Pressure on Land Current Land Administration Solutions don t scale well

7 7 Increasing Pressure on Land Current Land Administration Solutions don t scale well

8 8 Increasing Pressure on Land Current Land Administration Solutions don t scale well ~ 70 % of the world s population have no access to formal land administration services. Only 25% of the approx. 6 billion land parcels worldwide have robust security of tenure. In 15 countries assessed by PRINDEX, an average of 25% of the population felt their tenure rights were not safe. Sources (clockwise from u.l.): Reliefweb, The Guardian, Gates Foundation, PRINDEX

9 Mass Registration in Cambodia Towards a fit-for-purpose approach for systematic registration, but: Discussions about 5cm in the rice paddies. 9

10 Fit-for-purpose A Summary of some Principles Flexibility: Scale and accuracy relate to the purpose (topography, density of development, budget) rather than technical standards. Basic purposes: Include all land; provide secure tenure for all, include the use of land General boundaries rather than fixed boundaries: using general boundaries to delineate land areas will be sufficient for most land administration purposes, especially in rural and semi-urban areas. Aerial imageries rather than field surveys: the use of highresolution satellite/ aerial imagery is sufficient for most land administration purposes, and is three to five times cheaper than field surveys. Incremental Improvement: Opportunities for updating, upgrading and improvement: building the spatial framework should be seen in a perspective of opportunities for ongoing updating, sporadic upgrading and incremental improvement whenever relevant or necessary for fulfilling land policy aims and objectives Cost-effective: Unit costs often range between 6 and 10 USD per parcel. Rwanda and Ethiopia are show cases of the method. As little as possible, as much as necessary. United States Source: FIG, GLTN

11 : FIG publication

12

13 The REILA Project In Ethiopia REILA = Responsible & Innovative Land Administration Bilaterally agreed project Timeframe: July June 2017 Budget: 12,800,000 Euro contribution by Finland Project area: Federal level, Benishangul-Gumuz & Amhara Regions plus trial districts in 3 additional Regions (Tigray, Oromyia and SNNP) 13

14 14 More about REILA Project Area, Objective, Purpose The overall objective of REILA is, in line with ESIF: improved livelihood and economic well-being of the rural population through promotion of sustainable land management practices The purpose of the project is to contribute towards an improved, transparent and appropriate land administration system in Ethiopia.

15 A new zero order geodetic network The geodetic network is of importance for the 2nd level land certification, as cadastral surveying and mapping must be geographically referenced to a national reference frame.

16 Occupational Standard on Rural Cadastre and Land Registration Level III AGR CLR Develop Cadastre and Land Registration Action Plan AGR CLR Undertake a Site Assessment to Conduct AGR CLR Perform Surveying Computations AGR CLR Produce Digital Data AGR CLR Develop and Use Advanced Spreadsheets AGR CLR Perform Tenure Documentation AGR CLR Deal with Land Holding Conflict AGR CLR Monitor Implementation of Work Plan/Activities AGR CLR Lead Small Teams Duration 1035 hours AGR CLR Organize, Check and Maintain Equipment and AGR CLR Collect and Set-out Basic Surveying Data AGR CLR Operate GIS Software to Spatial Input Analysis AGR CLR Prepare and Produce Maps from Orthophoto AGR CLR Store and Retrieve Spatial and Non Spatial Data AGR CLR Complete Database Back- Up and Recovery AGR CLR Process Applications and Respond to Client s Legal AGR CLR Apply Quality Control AGR CLR Improve Business Practice AGR CLR Operate Surveying Equipment AGR CLR Demarcate Land Parcel Boundary Using AGR CLR Read and Interpret Basic Image Data AGR CLR Perform Adjudication, Registration and Certification Activities for AGR CLR Operate Database Management System AGR CLR Take Instruction in Relation Transaction AGR CLR Maintain and Monitor Environmental Work AGR CLR Lead Workplace Communication AGR CLR Maintain Quality System and Continuous Improvement Processes

17 Method development: Imagery Trials Trial Districts (Woredas) 1 - Oromiya, Ilu Woreda 2 - SNNP, Meskan Woreda 3 - Amhara, Dembecha Woreda 4 - Tigray, Kola Temben Woreda 5 - Benishangul-Gumuz, Bambasi Woreda 6 - Benishangul-Gumuz, Bullen Woreda 7 - Benishangul-Gumuz, Kamashi Woreda 17

18 Contextualisation of the Approach Different topography, land use patterns, land cover, legislation 18

19 Contextualisation of the Approach II Postmarking in rural areas without manmade structures Comparison between precision GPS and boundaries drawn on the orthophoto The same area in Belo Jiganfoye, Benishangul-Gumuz on 3rd April (top) and 7th Sept (bottom)

20 Aerial Photography Procured and Processed for about 30,000 km 2 in the Project Area

21 Public Information and Awareness Higher level officials Land holders Region-, zone-, woreda-, kebele staff Land administration committee

22 The Legal Framework Federal constitution Federal proclamation No. 456 AM - Regional constitution AM - Land administration & Use policy and strategy AM Proclamation No 133/2005 AM- Land administration and use regulation AM Land administration and use directives BG - Regional constitution BG - Land administration & Use policy and strategy BG - Land administration proclamation BG- Land administration and use regulation BG Land administration and use directives Þ Þ Alignment with existing legal framework Contributions to federal PIA strategy

23 Training of para-surveyors In the office (GIS training)

24 and in the field, for a total of 2 weeks.

25 The Field Team Surveyor (drawing the parcel borders in the image) Field data recorder (registering all parcel information) Team leader (supervision, reporting and quality control) Kebele Land Administration Committee member (legal representative)

26 Transparency during the Fieldwork Farmers participate in parcel boundary identification

27 Public Display

28 The Result à Issued Parcel Maps

29 2nd Level Certification Supported by REILA (B-G and Amhara) Holding Certificates Issued (30 th May 2017) June Sep Dec March May 2017

30 NRLAIS National Rural Land Administration Information System Analyses data for federal purposes and distributes data through ENSDI Aggregate data, monitor and support woreda operations The heart of the system for land registration and maintenance of records Data migration Of existing land records Window to the system, no ICT

31 Kiitos Thank you Amasegenalehu Vielen Dank

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