Crosswords, Sudokus, Cryptoquotes, and Boundary Retracements
|
|
- Lucy Palmer
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 2018 PSLS Annual Surveyors Conference; Hershey, PA Crosswords, Sudokus, Cryptoquotes, and Boundary Retracements Question: Which option best describes your credentials: 1) PLS 2) LSIT 3) Esq. 4) Surveying student or technician 5) Law student 1
2 Puzzle: a game or problem designed to test ingenuity or knowledge Difficulty Levels from: 1 star to 4 star Follow the clues, solve the puzzle, support your conclusions Evidence (clues) of footprints 2
3 the Footsteps of the Original Surveyor Fundamental phrase (rule) familiar to those of us in the retracement business. Why is this rule so important to our profession? Because the Courts have decided it to be so! Why did Courts decide such a thing? Because it is one of the strongest clues to the question of intent! So we search for clues (evidence of Footsteps) accordingly. the Footsteps of the Original Surveyor Therefore: Boundary location is mostly about law and history. And measurements are taken to assist in locating, and for the purpose of documenting the boundary once it is located. 3
4 The Search for Evidence (clues) of Footsteps PAPER (deeds, adjoiners deeds, chain of title, aerial photography, recorded or unrecorded plans, etc.) PEOPLE (parties to subdivision, local landowners, ones that know the history, old folks have special value) LAND SURFACE (recorded or unrecorded monuments, possession lines, blazed trees, etc.) INTRODUCTIONS 4
5 Speaker: Gregory Clark From northwest Pennsylvania Licensed PLS for 35 some years Primary focus on land boundaries past 30 years or so Boundary retracements Expert testimony in court about 10 occasions Favorite word is WHY Hobby: Agriculture Question: Which option best describes your boundary retracement experience: 1) Less than 5 years of retracement experience 2) 5 years or more of retracement experience 3) Served as an Expert Witness for boundary retracement once 4) Served as an Expert Witness for boundary retracement more than once 5
6 The Most Interesting Man in the World probably a Surveyor. Surveying: A most interesting profession HISTORY research ARCHAEOLOGY PAST TECHNOLOGY sciences/engineering neat tools LAW land ownership boundary principles DENDROLOGY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT best use of land surface create boundaries FUTURE ORGANIZED SOCIETY chaos without boundaries 6
7 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. Mulford 1912 Reprint Preface gathering all evidence available is necessary for the best solution there are no clear answers to most retracement problems surveyors facts of life: (1) there are few fixed rules (2) the watchwords are Patience and Common Sense Hoping for: Interaction and discussion among those of us in attendance 7
8 Question: As a retracement surveyors; our primary responsibility is to determine location of which of the following: 1) Ownership boundaries? 2) Deed description boundaries? 3) Possession boundaries? 4) Title boundaries? 5) Nearest blackberry patch? The plan is to Review Opinion and Court Order of Distefano v Moore No. 222 CD 2013 And in the process discuss the elements of: 1. Intent, 2. Deed reference to unrecorded plan, 3. Possession, 4. Actions of parties during conveyance, 5. Actions subsequent to deed, 6. Mutual mistake of fact, 7. Sufficient evidence. 8
9 Why this particular case? It touches on: 1. Extrinsic evidence 2. Significance of adjoiners deeds, 3. Actions of the parties, 4. Clearly distinguishes deed staking v. boundary retracement, 5. Phone call April, 2017 The plan is also to 1. Discuss importance of collecting/analyzing sufficient evidence, 2. Understand how boundary case law guides the surveyor, 3. Realize the value of effective communication 4. Discuss the two sets of principles retracement surveyors follow (measuring boundaries & locating boundaries) 9
10 GOALS Understand the importance of collecting/analyzing sufficient evidence when performing boundary retracement Understand the role of pertinent case law regarding boundaries Understand the value of effective communication between attorney, client, and surveyor Define concisely the function of a Boundary Retracement Surveyor Retracements Surveys are not all the same Each boundary has a unique story to tell Each provides the surveyor a new experience Each leads us to search for clues in new places Each allows us to walk new places Some more challenging than others Variety makes our profession interesting 10
11 A time machine would be a good tool to have. Easier to follow footsteps that are fresh on the ground. Especially cases when we stir the pot of evidence and no solution rises to the surface. To be able to go directly to the parties of a subdivision to answer the question of intent?! Boundary Retracement Difficulty Levels Origin < 30 years, (the boundary isn t that old), Survey performed & monuments set at time of subdivision, Original monuments found, Description(s) confirm position of monuments, Original parties available. Challenge 11
12 Challenge Boundary Retracement Difficulty Levels Origin years, Description(s) mathematically? Some monuments found as described, Some monuments found but not as described, Original parties no longer available, Challenge Boundary Retracement Difficulty Levels Origin years, Monuments scarce or not existing, Standards followed by original surveyor unknown, Description(s) less likely to reflect intent of parties, 12
13 Challenge Boundary Retracement Difficulty Levels Origin any time, Land surface disturbed in vicinity (surface mining etc), No referencing of evidence prior to disturbing, Deeds in vicinity describe boundaries by adjoiners, Boundary Retracement Difficulty Levels Land surface changes with time, Standards of measuring change with time, Lack of foresight by original parties or subsequent owners, Human nature (tendency to be more concerned with here and now, and less about future generations/centuries) diamonds, and boundaries, are forever, Monuments not protected/respected, Challenge A few reasons boundary retracement can be challenging Public misunderstanding (often have no perception of principles of boundary retracement) Strange assumption that surveyors are super miracle workers (just average run-of-the-mill miracle workers) 13
14 ROAD 1/5/2018 BACKGROUND TO THE CASE (History) FARM LINE WEISER RESIDUAL CONVEYED TO MOORE DISTEFANO 329 x265 SKETCH OF THE LAND (NOT TO SCALE) WEISER COMMON GRANTOR 1979 MOORE (defendant) 270 x BAUER 222 x SIEGEL 218 x DISTEFANO (plaintiff) 220 x248 14
15 TIME LINE (deeds) 1/5/1989 W. Moore to L. Kahle 1 ac 12/29/1959 A. Weiser to P. Weiser parent tract 9/17/1976 P. Weiser to R. Siegel 218 x208 7/8/1977 P. Weiser to V. & A. Distefano 1.25 ac 11/4/1977 P. Weiser to G. Bauer 209 x222 6/26/1979 P. Weiser to W. Moore 1.24 ac 11/8/1982 P. Weiser to W. Moore residual with exceptions!!! 6/8/1983 P. Weiser to V. Distefano 2 ac Plaintiff s Exhibit 1 UNRECORDED MAP DATED 6/17/82 MENTIONED IN 1983 DEED FOR 2 AC. Discovered after completion of surveys and shortly before court date 15
16 Plaintiff s Exhibit 2 Distefano Deed 1977 Plaintiff s Exhibit x Acres 16
17 Distefano Deed 1977 Plaintiff s Exhibit x Acres Distefano Deed 1983 Plaintiff s Exhibit 5 CONTAINING 2 acres as surveyed by DRC on June 17,
18 Distefano Deed 1983 Plaintiff s Exhibit 5 Siegel Deed 1976 Plaintiff s Exhibit x Acres 18
19 Siegel Deed 1976 Plaintiff s Exhibit x Acres Moore Deed 1979 Plaintiff s Exhibit & x Acre 19
20 Moore Deed 1979 Plaintiff s Exhibit & x Acre Bauer Deed x
21 Bauer Deed x 209 Moore Deed 1982 Agreement of Sale mentioned 21
22 Moore Deed 1982 Agreement of Sale mentioned MODIFIED TIME LINE (deeds) 1/5/1989 W. Moore to L. Kahle 1 ac survey map attached?? 12/29/1959 A. Weiser to P. Weiser parent tract 9/17/1976 P. Weiser to R. Siegel 218 x208 7/8/1977 P. Weiser to V. & A. Distefano 1.25 ac??? Sales agreement??? 11/4/1977 P. Weiser to G. Bauer 209 x222 6/26/1979 P. Weiser to W. Moore 1.24 ac 11/8/1982 P. Weiser to W. Moore residual with exceptions!!! 6/8/1983 P. Weiser to V. Distefano 2 ac Mention of sales agreement dated 6/24/1982 in deed to W. Moore dated 11/8/
23 THE CASE OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT September 12, 2014 THE CASE OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT September 12, parts 1. BACKGROUND 2. FACTS 3. DISCUSSION 4. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW 5. ORDER 23
24 Page 1 Page 2 Surveyor 1 >> intended 24
25 Page 3 intended intent intent intention intended intent Three surveyors provided expert testimony Surveyor 1: performed survey for Plaintiff in 2006 but testified for Defendant in 2014 Surveyor 2: performed survey for Plaintiff in 2011 and testified for Plaintiff in 2014 Surveyor 3: performed survey for Defendant in 2013 and testified for Defendant in
26 TIME LINE (period of controversy) 2006 Surveyor #1 performed survey for Plaintiff (Distefano) Defendant (Moore) commenced to occupied land to lines per Surveyor #1 (letters were exchanged) 2011 Surveyor #2 performed survey for Plaintiff (Distefano) 2013 Surveyor #3 performed survey for Defendant (Moore) 6/2014 Boundary dispute argued in Court 9/12/2014 Opinion and Order of Court issued Surveyor 2 >> Page 4 Plaintiff s Exhibit 2 (miniaturized & colored) also referred to as Court Exhibit 1 26
27 Page 5 *** << Surveyor 1 Page 6 Surveyor 2 >> *** Surveyor 2 >> *** 27
28 Page 7 Surveyor 2 >> << Surveyor 2 Page 8 intent << Surveyor 2 Surveyor 1 >> *** << Surveyor 3 Surveyor 1 >> << Surveyor 1 << Surveyor 3 << Surveyor 1 28
29 Page 9 intent *** intended mutual mistake intent *** Page 10 mutual mistake *** intent 29
30 Page 11 Page 11-A Plaintiff s Exhibit 2 (miniaturized & colored) referred to as Court Exhibit 1 30
31 Page 12 Page 13 31
32 End of the case Return from break Question: which represents title boundary separating tracts? 1) A. 2) B. A. POSSESSION ALONG CURVE (TREE LINE/FENCE/STONE ROW) MONUMENT B. STRAIGHT LINE BETWEEN MONUMENTS MONUMENT 32
33 ROAD 1/5/2018 FARM LINE WEISER RESIDUAL CONVEYED TO MOORE DISTEFANO 329 x265 SKETCH OF THE LAND (NOT TO SCALE) WEISER COMMON GRANTOR 1979 MOORE (defendant) 270 x BAUER 222 x SIEGEL 218 x DISTEFANO (plaintiff) 220 x248 Recap of the case points of interest 1977 Distefano deed (1.25 ac)didn t call for Siegel (1976) as north adjoiner. Map by Campbell dated 6/17/82 mentioned in 1983 Distefano deed not recorded and not available to any of the 3 surveyors. Map discovered in real estate office shortly before trial date. Plaintiff introduced map as evidence; Defense objected but judge overruled Moore deed (Weiser residual) mentions agreement with Distefano (2 ac). Suggests 1 year from sales agreement to actual deed in This may indicate 1977 Distefano deed was first agreed to in 1976, or prior to Siegel deed Moore deed (1.24 ac) gave description specifying dimensions along both Siegel and Distefano. Evidence there is no gap between. Deed staking (deed measurements only) of 1977 Distefano 1.25 ac would result in gap toward north (Siegel) 33
34 Recap of the case points of interest Deed staking of 1977 Distefano 1.25 ac deed would result in 0.65 acre area. Verdict: acres. Row of spruce trees along Siegel were of a size to have been planted in Ruling that Plaintiff s intent (testimony) was clear and credible. Also clear from actions (Plaintiff s father planted row of spruce trees). Also clear from subsequent actions of the Developer (1979 deed to Defendant). Determining intent (solution to boundary location) required consideration of evidence beyond description in deed for the subject property. Recap of the case points of interest DEED DESCRIPTIONS and PHYSICAL LIMITS OF TITLE (intent) often do not agree. DEED REFORMATION adjusts, or corrects an erroneous description. if MUTUAL MISTAKE is clear, precise, convincing. 34
35 Questions: Are Deed Descriptions of subject property the only evidence of boundary location that should be considered in retracements? Are Deed Descriptions the best evidence to be considered when retracing? Is there a line we (Surveyors) should not cross in search for evidence of boundary location? Meeting of the Minds the Surveyor and the Client Is the Client anticipating one service, but the Surveyor providing another? Surveyor offers opinion of location, but location of what? 35
36 Meeting of the Minds the Surveyor and the Client 1) If offering opinion of boundary location per DEED DIMENSIONS, state as such. 2) If offering opinion of boundary location per TITLE (intent), state as such. Client likely can not distinguish between the two. Both may be virtually the same. Or they may be distinctly different. Court exhibit 1 36
37 QUESTION: If requested to perform a survey knowing a controversy exists do you tend to: 1) Turn down the client to avoid the controversy? 2) Accept the job knowing the circumstances? GOALS 37
38 GOALS Understand the importance of collecting/analyzing sufficient evidence when performing boundary retracement Understand the role of pertinent case law regarding boundaries Understand the value of effective communication between attorney, client, and surveyor Define concisely the function of a Boundary Retracement Surveyor GOALS EVIDENCE 38
39 THE DEED THE DESCRIPTION IN A CLIENT S DEED IS OFTEN ONE OF THE FIRST PIECES OF EVIDENCE EVALUATED WHEN PERFORMING A RETRACEMENT SURVEY QUESTION: 1) Do you require client or attorney to provide any/all record information utilized in performance of survey? 2) Do you typically perform records research yourself? 3) Do you contract records research with third party; abstractor, etc. 39
40 ?? A DEED IS A DEED IS A DEED?? DEED DESCRIPTIONS ARE NOT ALL CREATED EQUALLY WHO WROTE THE DESCRIPTION? LAYPERSON? LANDOWNER? SURVEYOR? ATTORNEY? HOW LONG AGO WAS IT WRITTEN? WAS IT WRITTEN ACCORDING TO ACCURATE SURVEY MEASUREMENTS? DOES THE DESCRIPTION MENTION MONUMENTS? IS THE DESCRIPTION MATHEMATICALLY CORRECT? ETC.?? A DEED IS A DEED IS A DEED?? DEED DESCRIPTIONS ARE NOT ALL CREATED EQUALLY MATHEMATICAL CORRECTNESS IS NO GUARANTEE OF BOUNDARY LOCATION GENERALLY, MONUMENTS (when existing) CONTROL OVER MEASUREMENTS MEASUREMENTS HAVE ERROR; (science) IF CALLED-FOR MONUMENT IS NO LONGER EXISTING, THEN WHERE WAS IT ORIGINALLY? THEORY: OBJECTIVE IS TO DETERMINE BOUNDARY (corner) LOCATIONS AND THEN MEASURE BETWEEN TO DESCRIBE THE PROPERTY DEPENDING ON QUALITY OF DESCRIPTION, DEED DIMENSIONS ARE OFTEN USED ONLY AS A LAST RESORT TO DETERMINE PHYSICAL LOCATION OF BOUNDARY 40
41 ?? A DEED IS A DEED IS A DEED?? DEED DESCRIPTIONS ARE NOT ALL CREATED EQUALLY THE BIG QUESTION!! DOES THE DESCRIPTION ADEQUATELY REFLECT THE INTENT OF THE ORIGINAL GRANTOR/GRANTEE CONCERNING BOUNDARY LOCATION? Who better to judge this than the boundary surveyor? Why search deed descriptions back to boundary origin: Look for typographical errors Look for transcription errors Could be a dozen re-conveyances after the first; Does each rewriting agree with the first? 41
42 still: Was the first description error free? The true boundary location is as etched on the ground by original parties The description is an attempt to transcribe to paper those etchings on the ground. A few examples of evidence that may be considered when performing a boundary retracement survey Deed description Testimony of parties creating line Adjoiners Deeds Descriptions in chain to boundary origin Testimony of area residents Physical Objects; Monuments, Possession Lines, Recorded and Unrecorded Maps and Plans 42
43 A question the retracement surveyor must answer: At what point am I satisfied I have collected and analyzed sufficient evidence in order to arrive at a defendable opinion regarding boundary location? Do Possession Lines Indicate Original Intent of Boundary Location? LIMIT OF OWNERSHIP MUTUALLY RESPECTED BY NEIGHBORS ON GROUND GIVING INDICATION WHEN STEPPING ACROSS FENCES HEDGES TREE LINES ETC 43
44 Do Possession Lines Indicate Original Intent of Boundary Location? AGE IS IMPORTANT IS POSSESSION LINE ANCIENT? CAN POSSESSION LINE BE TRACED BACK TO CREATION OF BOUNDARY? DO ORIGINAL MONUMENTS EXIST CONTRADICTING POSSESSION? DO DEED MEASUREMENTS APPROXIMATE POSSESSION? ETC Do Possession Lines Indicate Original Intent of Boundary Location? FROM WEBINAR BY KNUD HERMANSEN NOVEMBER,
45 GOALS CASE LAW Exerpt from: AUTHOR S PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION, Knud Hermansen Boundary Retracement and Procedures for Pennsylvania Principles, the backbone of this document, are not rules that are to be followed in all cases, or without verification. Rather, they are rules of law that must be followed unless the contrary can be shown or proven. Principles are rules that are employed as required to be consistent and impartial, and frequently, they are the only alternative to confusion. In other words, without clear or express guidance otherwise, the surveyor should adhere to the principles of law. The surveyor should be knowledgeable and confident enough to question each principle. 45
46 QUESTION: Do you research boundary case law: 1) Never 2) Occasionally 3) Frequently 4) Nearly Always 5) Always case law Provides basis for extent of allowable discretion/extent of liberties in evidence Guide toward general priorities (hierarchy) of evidence INTENT is the key word Provides examples of rulings under similar circumstances 46
47 case law Example 1: Lodge v Barnett, 48 Pa. 477 (1864) Where the objects called for in a deed, or the places where such objects stood are found, they will control case law Example 2: Will v Piper, 184 Pa.Super. 313, 134 A.2d 41 (1957) In determining correct boundaries of land, method of locating lines by courses and distances may result in manifest error, and when it does this method should not be employed. 47
48 case law Example 3: Sweigart v Richards, 8 Pa. 436 (1848) the [retracement] distances in some of the lines [are] to be lengthened beyond the perches mentioned in the patent. But this is a circumstance so common in the early surveys, as to be of itself of small moment. case law Example 4: Ryan v Hudak, 409 Pa. 211, 185 A.2d 570 (1962) intent In determining the intent of the parties, the court may consider subsequent acts of the parties tending to show the construction that they themselves placed upon the writing. 48
49 case law Example 5: McCausland v Fleming, 63 Pa. 36 (1869) Pedigree and boundary are the excepted cases wherein reputation and hearsay of deceased persons are received In evidence. (an interesting bit of information) case law Example 5: LONG RUN TIMBER CO v DEPT. OF CONSERVATION; 145 A.3d 1217 (2016) ascertain the intent intention intent intended 49
50 case law Example 5: LONG RUN TIMBER CO v DEPT. OF CONSERVATION; 145 A.3d 1217 (2016) purpose of the adjudicator is to ascertain intent of the grantor at the time of the original Resort is to be had First to natural objects Next to artificial monuments Then to adjacent boundaries And thereafter to courses and distances BUT case law Example 5: LONG RUN TIMBER CO v DEPT. OF CONSERVATION; 145 A.3d 1217 (2016) rules of construction with regard to boundaries not imperative or exclusive but aids in determining intention of the parties yield to a contrary showing AND 50
51 case law Example 5: LONG RUN TIMBER CO v DEPT. OF CONSERVATION; 145 A.3d 1217 (2016) these rules (of construction) do not apply where monument claimed is so manifestly wrong as to lead to an absurd result (self explanatory) case law Example 5: LONG RUN TIMBER CO v DEPT. OF CONSERVATION; 145 A.3d 1217 (2016) before physical monument is accepted as a boundary, there must be evidence that the monument was intended for that purpose which may be shown if mentioned in deeds or any past parties erected it to mark boundary (a monument may be valid whether or not mentioned in deed) 51
52 case law Example 5: LONG RUN TIMBER CO v DEPT. OF CONSERVATION; 145 A.3d 1217 (2016) general rules will yield where, in any given case, a consideration of all the facts and circumstances shows that one method would be the more reliable or certain (re-stating that general rules of construction are not always imperative or exclusive) General principles 1. Natural monuments 2. Artificial monuments 3. Calls for adjoiners 4. Bearing & distances (measurements) 5. Area or quantity (Order of importance) 52
53 GOALS EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION QUESTION: In addition to a map, do you prepare a narrative report: 1) Never 2) Occasionally 3) Frequently 4) Nearly always 5) Always 53
54 QUESTION: Do you make yourself available to adjoiners and other interested parties regarding boundary information: 1) Never 2) Occasionally 3) Frequently 4) Nearly Always 5) Always When retracing a boundary, have you ever been asked: Where was your starting point? or You use GPS, don t you? (client making assumptions) 54
55 Retracement Surveying: Perhaps the most misunderstood profession Why? General public often think they have fundamental notion of what it is we do. Perhaps because it is common to own a tape measure. We perform our services on the land; people live on the land; something in common?? Better to have no notion than a wrong notion. Retracement Surveying: Perhaps the most misunderstood profession We should be careful not to perpetuate common misconceptions. Effective communication, written or oral, can be challenging. 55
56 Communication between attorney, client, and surveyor (and adjoiners) Effective communication has value; and especially essential in cases of boundary dispute Communication between attorney, client, and surveyor (and adjoiners) Effective communication has value; and especially essential in cases of boundary dispute Prepare narrative report; especially in cases of potential boundary dispute (describe elements leading to conclusion of boundary location) 56
57 Communication between attorney, client, and surveyor (and adjoiners) Effective communication has value; and especially essential in cases of boundary dispute Prepare narrative report; especially in cases of potential boundary dispute (describe elements leading to conclusion of boundary location) Client and Attorney likely cannot distinguish between deed staking and boundary surveying (explaining the difference can be difficult) Communication between attorney, client, and surveyor (and adjoiners) Effective communication has value; and especially essential in cases of boundary dispute Prepare narrative report; especially in cases of potential boundary dispute (describe elements leading to conclusion of boundary location) Client and Attorney likely cannot distinguish between deed staking and boundary surveying (explaining the difference can be difficult) If preparing for day in court insist on pre-trial conference with Client and Attorney (know the questions and be prepared to answer) (don t assume any to be mind readers) (credibility is at stake) (surveyor may have to help attorney with specific wording of questions) 57
58 Communication between attorney, client, and surveyor (and adjoiners) Effective communication has value; and especially essential in cases of boundary dispute Prepare narrative report; especially in cases of potential boundary dispute (describe elements leading to conclusion of boundary location) Client and Attorney likely cannot distinguish between deed staking and boundary surveying (explaining the difference can be difficult) If preparing for day in court insist on pre-trial conference with Client and Attorney (know the questions and be prepared to answer) (don t assume any to be mind readers) (credibility is at stake) (surveyor may have to help attorney with specific wording of questions) A less correct opinion of boundary location may at times prevail over the more correct (ability to communicate can be a factor) GOALS FUNCTION OF RETRACEMENT SURVEYOR 58
59 Act 367 Registration Law (page 4) 59
60 Boundary may be: physical limit of possession. physical limit of ownership. physical limit of title. physical limit of deed dimensions. All may coincide, or each may be separate and distinct. Question: As a retracement surveyor; your primary responsibility is to determine location of which of the following: 1) Ownership boundaries. 2) Deed description boundaries. 3) Possession boundaries. 4) Title boundaries. 5) Nearest blackberry patch. 60
61 Define concisely the function of a Boundary Retracement Surveyor (20 words or less) o o o Define concisely the function of a Boundary Retracement Surveyor o Determine boundary location as intended by party(s) that first created the line. One person s short answer 61
62 Property Boundary: As retracement surveyors, our primary focus is on the physical reestablishing of lines on the ground as intended by original parties to indicate boundary location. or Title Boundaries A Few Things to Consider When Retracing Each of us develop a process or set of basic rules that work for us. The number of variations can be as many as are in this room. These basic rules allow us to have a semblance of consistency. Without claiming any one set of rules is better than another, allow me to express a few basic rules that work for me. 62
63 A Few Things to Consider When Retracing At the top of the list: Perform each boundary retracement with the awareness you may have to defend your conclusions in court. Seldom is there a dispute, and rarely does a dispute end in court. But this rule gives incentive to be thorough in the search for evidence. Be able to explain viable reason for opinion. A Few Things to Consider When Retracing 2: Survey each boundary of the property individually Each has its own history and pieces of evidence to consider. Each affects a different neighbor. Helps open the mind to otherwise neglected information. 63
64 A Few Things to Consider When Retracing 3: Perform work without bias or prejudice Each boundary is also the neighbors boundary. Client is paying the bill, but obligation is to footsteps and posterity. Act as if the boundary itself is paying for my services. A Few Things to Consider When Retracing 4: Locate a common line as if employed by both client and adjoiner Increase chance of discovering potential dispute areas. Better serves the client, and community More thorough knowledge of entire neighborhood. That adjoiner may be a future client. 64
65 A Few Things to Consider When Retracing 5: always remember: Opinions of location can be argued Available to neighbor(s) to explain/discuss outcome. If dispute, encourage sharing data with neighbor s Surveyor. Be open to consider new evidence if presented by others. Who better to sort through factors of location than Surveyors? Effective communication can promote satisfactory outcome. CLOSING 65
66 CLOSE WITH A FEW EXCERPTS FROM A FAVORITE BOOK BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. Mulford 1912 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. Mulford 1912 Reprint Preface gathering all evidence available is necessary for the best solution there are no clear answers to most retracement problems surveyors facts of life: (1) there are few fixed rules (2) the watchwords are Patience and Common Sense 66
67 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. Mulford 1912 collect all data possible and the rest is largely a matter of common sense If, however, the evidence for and against re-locating an old line in a certain place is evenly divided conference of all parties should be arranged way of preserving the peace BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. Mulford 1912 patience to collect all the evidence which can be found bearing upon the case at hand Patience and Common Sense Fire, flood and earthquake wipe out the greatest works of the engineer, but the land continueth forever profession of the Surveyor deals with one of the most fundamental facts of human society the possession and inheritance of land Curiously enough the Surveyor is isolated in his calling, and therein lie his responsibility and his temptations 67
68 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 The distance named will enable the Surveyor to tell when he approaches the near vicinity but the position of the corner should be determined from the sum total of evidence dimension named in the deed should be binding only in the case of lack of other trustworthy evidence BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 do not mean by this that the matter should be gone at haphazard, but that the mind should be receptive no fixed rule of procedure can be laid down, and the realization of this seems to me to be the first step toward a right solution of problems of this nature hear all evidence and quick to analyze, arrange and weigh this evidence 68
69 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 2 Loose, faulty and ignorant conveyances, the use of perishable landmarks or no landmarks at all and innumerable other things have conspired to render the boundaries of land the most uncertain of things BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 3 it is far more important to have a somewhat faulty measurement of the spot where the line truly exists than it is to have an extremely accurate measurement of the place where the line does not exist at all 69
70 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 6 fundamental description of property the DEED, and it is necessary first to consider the nature and intention of this instrument in order to understand why it is so often disappointing and deficient from the surveyor s standpoint BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 8 endeavor to determine the boundaries of the land as originally intended to be conveyed 70
71 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 55 a curious fact that a great many lawyers who are continually dealing with land transfers are ignorant of the simplest details of surveying the surveyor is probably equally ignorant of the law of property BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 89 the false or faulty survey may pass unchallenged through the years, for few but the Surveyor himself are qualified to judge it 71
72 BOUNDARIES AND LANDMARKS by A. C. MULFORD, 1912 More Exerpts from Mulford page 89 in the hands of the Surveyor, to an exceptional degree, lie the honor of the generations past and the welfare of the generations to come QUESTIONS? COMMENTS? DISCUSSION? 72
73 2018 PSLS Annual Surveyors Conference; Hershey, PA Crosswords, Sudokus, Cryptoquotes, and Boundary Retracements THANK YOU FOR ATTENDING 73
BOUNDARY SURVEYS RE-SURVEYS
BOUNDARY SURVEYS RE-SURVEYS One of the difficult tasks for a surveyor is the re-surveying of lands, the re-location of the boundary lines between privately-owned lands or the re-location of the boundary
More informationCONFLICTING ELEMENTS
CONFLICTING ELEMENTS Order of importance of conflicting elements that determine land location: A. Unwritten rights. B. Senior right. C. Written intentions of Parties. D. Lines Marked and Run. E. Natural
More informationUse of Possession/Occupation Lines 3. Surveyor s Responsibility Options for the Surveyor: Ownership Boundary Changed by Occupation: 1.
Lines of Possession Use of Possession/Occupation Lines: 1. Evidence of the record boundary. 2. Foundation for title boundary. a. Estoppel b. Adverse possession c. Acquiescence d. Practical Location e.
More informationTHE PURPOSE OF MEASUREMENTS IN BOUNDARY SURVEYS. (THE ETERNAL SUVRVEY QUESTION: HOW CLOSE IS CLOSE ENGOUGH?) By. Norman Bowers, P.S. & P.E.
THE PURPOSE OF MEASUREMENTS IN BOUNDARY SURVEYS (THE ETERNAL SUVRVEY QUESTION: HOW CLOSE IS CLOSE ENGOUGH?) By Norman Bowers, P.S. & P.E. Steven S. Brosemer, P.S. Figure 1 Surveyors are all about measurements.
More informationLegal Descriptions INTRODUCTION: WARNING: Writing Legal Descriptions NYSAPLS Conf January Scott Reeser, P.L.S. NYSAPLS 2018 Conference
Legal Descriptions Scott Reeser, P.L.S. NYSAPLS 2018 Conference INTRODUCTION: Over 25 years experience in the surveying profession Graduate of Penn State survey program Licensed in Pennsylvania, New York,
More informationCollateral Evidence Analysis
Wisconsin Society of Land Surveyors 2019 Surveyors Institute Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin January 24, 2019 Collateral Evidence Analysis Stanley French Chief Cadastral Surveyor for Idaho (retired) Land Boundary
More informationBOUNDARIES & SQUATTER S RIGHTS
BOUNDARIES & SQUATTER S RIGHTS Odd Results? The general boundary rule can have results that seem odd - for example the Land Registry s Practice Guides make it clear that they may regard you as owning land
More informationA Surveyor s Responsibility and Possession Boundaries by Knud E. Hermansen P.L.S., P.E., Ph.D., Esq.
A Surveyor s Responsibility and Possession Boundaries by Knud E. Hermansen P.L.S., P.E., Ph.D., Esq. A professional land surveyor s responsibilities in regard to performing a boundary retracement survey
More informationSurveyors & Title by Knud E. Hermansen P.L.S., P.E., Ph.D., Esq
Surveyors & Title by Knud E. Hermansen P.L.S., P.E., Ph.D., Esq Surveyors, as a general rule, stay clear of providing title opinions rightfully so. Nevertheless, reasonably competent surveying services
More informationCertified Federal Surveyor Program Assignment #6, Feedback
Certified Federal Surveyor Program Assignment #6, Feedback Now that you have completed Assignment #6, take a few minutes to review the comments below. We have tried to identify items of special importance,
More informationPreparation of Deed Descriptions
Preparation of Deed Descriptions SURVCON 2019 Wednesday, February 6, 2019 BALLYS- Atlantic City, New Jersey Presented by Bruce R Blair PLS, PP 1 INTRODUCTION The New Jersey administrative code 13:40 5.1
More informationHow to Read a Real Estate Appraisal Report
How to Read a Real Estate Appraisal Report Much of the private, corporate and public wealth of the world consists of real estate. The magnitude of this fundamental resource creates a need for informed
More informationBoundary surveying can be broken down into two general areas: LOCATING OR RELOCATING DESCRIBED PARCELS OF LAND and CREATING NEW PARCELS OF LAND.
SURV 58 Evidence and Procedures for Boundary Location Chapter 1 Lecture Notes 1-1 Scope of Book This course is not a "how to" course on property and boundary surveying. The focus is on the principles and
More informationPreparation of Deed Descriptions
Preparation of Deed Descriptions SURVCON 2018 Friday, February 2, 2018 BALLYS- Atlantic City, New Jersey Presented by Bruce R Blair PLS, PP 1 INTRODUCTION The New Jersey administrative code 13:40 5.1 states
More informationFinding and Prioritizing Boundary Evidence
Finding and Prioritizing Boundary Evidence THREE PHASES OF A RETRACEMENT SURVEY Collect and Analyze the Record Evidence Perform a Field Survey to Search for Evidence Referenced in the Record and Signs
More informationSurveyor s. Time Machine. The. Product Review Triumph-LS software. Polaris Shows the Way Leveraging workflow
SEPTEMBER 2017 The Surveyor s Time Machine Product Review Triumph-LS software Polaris Shows the Way Leveraging workflow Revitalizing a Business With laser scanning Writing a Good Narrative The Land Surveyor
More informationLEGAL DESCRIPTIONS A PRACTICAL GUIDE
Sponsored by: LEGAL DESCRIPTIONS A PRACTICAL GUIDE Jerry Morris Grab Tab Handouts 1 Can t Hear Through Your Computer Speakers? Telephone Dial-in (XXX) XXX-XXXX Access Code: XXX-XXX-XXX Audio PIN: Check
More informationUTAH COUNCIL OF LAND SURVEYORS STANDARDS OF PRACTICE FOR BOUNDARY SURVEYS
UTAH COUNCIL OF LAND SURVEYORS STANDARDS OF PRACTICE FOR BOUNDARY SURVEYS By the Utah Council of Land Surveyors Committee on Boundary Survey Standards Adopted by the Utah Council of Land Surveyors Executive
More informationCenter of Section. Computed or Monumented Position. Review and Commentary
Center of Section Computed or Monumented Position Review and Commentary Center of Section Center of section defined by law for more than 200 years Computed position vs monumented position Examine the state
More informationPrinciples of Real Estate Chapter 16-Title Summary. Overview. Objectives. At the end of this chapter, the student will be able to:
Principles of Real Estate Chapter 16-Title Summary This chapter will detail the recording and notice processes, explain the importance of title insurance, and explain the processes used to record title.
More informationPreparing Property descriptions D A V I D T. BUTCHER, PLS
Preparing Property descriptions D A V I D T. BUTCHER, PLS Who can prepare property descriptions? 327.272. Practice as professional land surveyor defined. 1. A professional land surveyor shall include any
More informationIN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL ACTION
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL ACTION NEIL A. CRAIG AND : ROSALIE T. CRAIG, : Plaintiffs : vs. : NO: 09-1880 : JAMES DULCEY AND : KATHLEEN DULCEY, : Defendants : James
More informationBoundary Retracement Principles & Procedures for Pennsylvania. Ladner Pennsylvania Real Estate Law
PENNSYLVANIA PROPERTY LAW A STUDY GUIDE FOR Boundary Retracement Principles & Procedures for Pennsylvania by Knud Everett Hermansen Ladner Pennsylvania Real Estate Law edited by Ronald M. Friedman Sponsored
More informationPage 1 of 6 Office of the Professions Land Surveying Practice Guidelines - February 2000 The State Board for Engineering and Land Surveying issued the first draft of its proposed Land Surveying Practice
More informationCircuit Court, D. Nebraska. March 1, 1889.
EAST OMAHA LAND CO. V. JEFFRIES. Circuit Court, D. Nebraska. March 1, 1889. 1. BOUNDARIES ACCRETIONS CONVEYANCE. Rev. St. U. S. 2396, provides that the boundaries and contents of the several sections,
More informationAICPA Valuation Services VS Section Statements on Standards for Valuation Services VS Section 100 Valuation of a Business, Business Ownership
AICPA Valuation Services VS Section Statements on Standards for Valuation Services VS Section 100 Valuation of a Business, Business Ownership Interest, Security, or Intangible Asset Calculation Engagements
More informationFORENSIC REPORT EXAMINER
WHAT CAN A DO FOR YOU? TELL YOU WHAT YOU DON T KNOW! ANTHONY F. MOLLICA, MAI, CRE, ASA 1601 Bethel Road, Columbus, Ohio 43220 (614) 459-1140 AFMollica@AOL.COM -1- ANTHONY F. MOLLICA, MAI, CRE, ASA The
More informationP.F. WOOD, APPELLANT, V. C. MANDRILLA, RESPONDENT. SAC. NO SUPREME COURT
Supreme Court of California,Department Two. 167 Cal. 607 {Cal. 1914) WOOD V. MANDRILLA P.F. WOOD, APPELLANT, V. C. MANDRILLA, RESPONDENT. SAC. NO. 2089. SUPREME COURT OF CALIFORNIA,DEPARTMENT TWO. APRIL
More informationSYSTEMS OF PROPERTY DESCRIPTION
SYSTEMS OF PROPERTY DESCRIPTION Interpretation of Common Real Property Descriptions INTRODUCTION Land surveying includes 1. Surveying operations involved in original surveys to locate and monument the
More informationwww. Allenbrand-Drews.com
www. Allenbrand-Drews.com Why Choose a Professional Surveyor? A Professional Land Surveyor renders a highly technical service in compliance with applicable laws, regulations, codes and court decisions
More informationARIZONA TAX COURT TX /18/2006 HONORABLE MARK W. ARMSTRONG
HONORABLE MARK W. ARMSTRONG CLERK OF THE COURT L. Slaughter Deputy FILED: CAMELBACK ESPLANADE ASSOCIATION, THE JIM L WRIGHT v. MARICOPA COUNTY JERRY A FRIES PAUL J MOONEY PAUL MOORE UNDER ADVISEMENT RULING
More informationALI-ABA Course of Study Historic Preservation Law. Cosponsored by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. November 3-4, 2005 Washington, D.C.
ALI-ABA Course of Study Historic Preservation Law Cosponsored by the National Trust for Historic Preservation November 3-4, 2005 Washington, D.C. Assessing Economic Hardship Claims Under Historic Preservation
More informationCanadian Generally Accepted Land Sur veying Principles
Canadian Council on Geomatics Conseil canadien de géomatique Canadian Generally Accepted Land Sur veying Principles Part 1 Principles to guide the development of Land Surveying governance models and legal
More informationLEGAL ASPECTS OF LAND SURVEYING
LEGAL ASPECTS OF LAND SURVEYING By: Dr. Tony Nettleman Copyright Nettleman Land Surveying, INC (2016) Fig: Welcome Picture YOUR SPEAKER Surveying All My Life Began Working with Attorneys Went to College
More informationSTANDARDS GOVERNING CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY IN DARKE COUNTY, OHIO
STANDARDS GOVERNING CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY IN DARKE COUNTY, OHIO As directed by Section 319.203 of the Ohio Revised Code which states The County Auditor and the County Engineer shall adopt standards
More informationRENTERS GUIDE TO EVICTION COURT
RENTERS GUIDE TO EVICTION COURT This booklet briefly describes the eviction process for Chicago renters who are in eviction court at the Daley Center, 50 W. Washington Street, Chicago, IL Subsidized Housing
More informationSurvey Reports Compiled by
Survey Reports Compiled by Knud E. Hermansen P.L.S., P.E., Ph.D., Esq. Survey reports should be an important part of documenting surveying services. Survey reports provide a flexible format to provide
More informationREQUIREMENTS FOR ALL INSTRUMENTS OF CONVEYANCE IN HARDIN COUNTY, OHIO
REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL INSTRUMENTS OF CONVEYANCE IN HARDIN COUNTY, OHIO Effective Date: Michael L. Smith, P.E., P.S. Hardin County Engineer Michael T. Bacon Hardin County Auditor 1 I. GENERAL In compliance
More informationNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS Code of Ethics Video Series. Article 4 and Related Case Interpretations
Article 4 and Related Case Interpretations Article 4 REALTORS shall not acquire an interest in or buy or present offers from themselves, any member of their immediate families, their firms or any member
More informationStandards of Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama
Standards of Practice for Surveying in the State of Alabama Effective January 1, 2017 RULE NO. 1.01 PURPOSE The purpose of these rules is to establish standards for the practice of surveying in the State
More informationCOPYRIGHTED MATERIAL HOW BOUNDARIES ARE CREATED CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 HOW BOUNDARIES ARE CREATED 2.1 INTRODUCTION To understand the legal fiction of boundaries, the surveyor must be able to make a distinction between the various elements of corners, monuments,
More informationDirect Examination Of The Valuation Witness (With Model Examination)
Direct Examination Of The Valuation Witness (With Model Examination) James D. Masterman Fair market value isn t a marketplace fact it s an opinion. To establish it, you need to conduct a rigorous examination
More informationVALUATION REPORTING REVISED Introduction. 3.0 Definitions. 2.0 Scope INTERNATIONAL VALUATION STANDARDS 3
4.4 INTERNATIONAL VALUATION STANDARDS 3 REVISED 2007 1.0 Introduction 1.1 The critical importance of a Valuation Report, the final step in the valuation process, lies in communicating the value conclusion
More informationData Verification. Professional Excellence Bulletin [PP-14-E] February 1995
Professional Excellence Bulletin [PP-14-E] February 1995 Although obviously a cornerstone of appraisal practice, data verification has not been considered a major problem to real estate appraisers in the
More informationCODE OF PRACTICE FOR LAND SURVEYORS
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR LAND SURVEYORS PREPARED BY DELAWARE-HUDSON PROFESSIONAL LAND SURVEYORS ASSOCIATION P.O. BOX 502 HIGHLAND MILLS, NY 10930 ADOPTED DECEMBER 9, 1987 REVISED FEBRUARY 9, 1988 Preamble
More informationTIDEWATER PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE, INC. OPINION BY v. Record No JUSTICE LAWRENCE L. KOONTZ, JR. June 5, 1998 CITY OF VIRGINIA BEACH
Present: All the Justices TIDEWATER PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE, INC. OPINION BY v. Record No. 971635 JUSTICE LAWRENCE L. KOONTZ, JR. June 5, 1998 CITY OF VIRGINIA BEACH FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE CITY OF
More informationCONTRACTS FORMATION MODEL ANSWER
MODEL ANSWER Please compare your answer to the sample below, noting the issues you missed, whether your rule statements were included and completely stated, and whether you included the relevant key facts
More informationARIZONA LAND SURVEYORS STATE SPECIFIC EXAM
ARIZONA LAND SURVEYORS STATE SPECIFIC EXAM Harold N. Hal Epperson, PLS, CFedS Past Land Surveyor Member, Arizona State Board of Technical Registration September 20, 2014 hal.epperson@ateam.net General
More informationDifficulties in Creating a Notice filing System for Immovable Property
Difficulties in Creating a Notice filing System for Immovable Property Professor Tom Johnson, Osgoode Hall Law School EBRD Secured Lending in Commercial Transactions: Trends and Perspectives 4 5 November
More informationAppraisal Review & Advisory Opinion 20 Controversy. Presenter: Lisa Kimbro, MAI, AI-GRS
Appraisal Review & Advisory Opinion 20 Controversy Presenter: Lisa Kimbro, MAI, AI-GRS Practicing appraisers know USPAP, and appraisers that complete review work know USPAP s Standard 3. But what about
More informationRULES OF THE GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF REGISTRATION FOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS CHAPTER APPLICATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
RULES OF THE GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF REGISTRATION FOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS CHAPTER 180-7 APPLICATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 180-7-.07 Maps and Plats. All maps, plats and similar documents
More informationTHE BASICS: Commercial Agreements
THE BASICS: Commercial Agreements of Sale Adam M. Silverman Cozen O Connor 1900 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 215.665.2161 asilverman@cozen.com 2010 Cozen O Connor. All Rights Reserved. TABLE OF
More informationPLANNING & BUILDING REGULATIONS
SCANDIA-HUS FACT SHEET NO. 10 PLANNING & BUILDING REGULATIONS DATE: 1 ST JANUARY 2018 ISSUE NO: 4 THE PLANNING SYSTEM Scandia-Hus will, as part of the service, handle all aspects of design, planning and
More informationDispute Resolution Services
Page: 1 DECISION Dispute Codes: MNDC, MNSD, RR Introduction This hearing was scheduled in response to the tenant s Application for Dispute Resolution, in which the tenant has made application for a monetary
More informationGuide Note 15 Assumptions and Hypothetical Conditions
Guide Note 15 Assumptions and Hypothetical Conditions Introduction Appraisal and review opinions are often premised on certain stated conditions. These include assumptions (general, and special or extraordinary)
More informationTransfer and Conveyance Standards of the Athens County Auditor and the Athens County Engineer. Table of Contents
Transfer and Conveyance Standards of the Athens County Auditor and the Athens County Engineer Table of Contents Adoption of Standards Governing Conveyances of Real Property in Athens County, Ohio... 3
More informationIN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL ACTION - LAW
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CARBON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL ACTION - LAW GRIFFON MONKEY, LLC., : : Plaintiff : : vs. : No. 10-1859 : JAI SAI HOSPITALITY LLC., : GAYATRI KRUPA LEHIGHTON LLC., : GAYATRI
More informationLitigation of Surveying Court Cases. Daniel Duyck
Litigation of Surveying Court Cases Daniel Duyck Daniel Duyck Whipple & Duyck, PC Attorneys at Law 503-222-6191 dduyck@whippleduyck.com www.whippleduyck.com How Property is Held in Oregon Fee Simple Life
More informationMisconceptions about Across-the-Fence Methodology
Misconceptions about Across-the-Fence Methodology BY JOHN SCHMICK Across-the-fence methodology (ATF) is an appraisal tool frequently used in valuation assignments where the subject is part of railroad
More informationOTTAWA COUNTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION REVIEW GUIDELINES
OTTAWA COUNTY LEGAL DESCRIPTION REVIEW GUIDELINES APPROVED BY: RONALD P. LAJTI, JR., P.E., P.S. OTTAWA COUNTY ENGINEER APPROVED BY: LAWRENCE HARTLAUB OTTAWA COUNTY AUDITOR EFFECTIVE DATE: January 1, 2017
More informationWYANDOT COUNTY BASIC STANDARDS FOR THE APPROVAL OF REAL ESTATE DEED TRANSFERS & LAND CONTRACT AGREEMENTS
GENERAL In compliance with Section 315.251 of the Ohio Revised Code, the County Auditor and the County Engineer have adopted these written standards governing the conveyance of real property in Wyandot
More informationPRESENT: Lemons, Goodwyn, Millette, Mims, and Powell, JJ., and Russell and Koontz, S.JJ.
PRESENT: Lemons, Goodwyn, Millette, Mims, and Powell, JJ., and Russell and Koontz, S.JJ. SWORDS CREEK LAND PARTNERSHIP OPINION BY v. Record No. 131590 SENIOR JUSTICE CHARLES S. RUSSELL September 12, 2014
More informationOHIO ADMINISTRATIVE CODE CHAPTER Minimum Standards for Boundary Surveys in the State of Ohio
OHIO ADMINISTRATIVE CODE CHAPTER 4733-37 Minimum Standards for Boundary Surveys in the State of Ohio Note: Chapter 4733-37 of the Administrative Code was filed pursuant to Chapter 119 of the Revised Code.
More informationFirst Exposure Draft of proposed changes for the edition of the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice
TO: FROM: RE: All Interested Parties Sandra Guilfoil, Chair Appraisal Standards Board First Exposure Draft of proposed changes for the 2012-13 edition of the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal
More informationTRANSFER AND CONVEYANCE STANDARDS OF THE PICKAWAY COUNTY AUDITOR AND THE PICKAWAY COUNTY ENGINEER
TRANSFER AND CONVEYANCE STANDARDS OF THE PICKAWAY COUNTY AUDITOR AND THE PICKAWAY COUNTY ENGINEER Melissa A. Betz, Auditor Robert E. Parker, P.E., P.S., Engineer AS ADOPTED UNDER OHIO REVISED CODE SECTION
More informationHoiska v. Town of East Montpelier ( ) 2014 VT 80. [Filed 18-Jul-2014]
Hoiska v. Town of East Montpelier (2013-274) 2014 VT 80 [Filed 18-Jul-2014] NOTICE: This opinion is subject to motions for reargument under V.R.A.P. 40 as well as formal revision before publication in
More informationTraining the Next Generation of Appraisers The S.T.A.R.T. Program - Standards to Assure Responsible Training:
Training the Next Generation of Appraisers The S.T.A.R.T. Program - Standards to Assure Responsible Training: An Industry Solution to the Declining Number of Appraisers Entering the Profession and Practical
More informationNON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37 JAMES P. MCGOVERN AND SHANA L. MCGOVERN IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellants v. EAST END GUN CLUB OF SCHUYLKILL COUNTY, PA; DEAN
More informationAssessor s offices may observe rules or policy items that
Understanding the Scope of Work Rule and Advisory Opinion 32 Kenneth L. Joyner, RES, AAS The statements made or opinions expressed by authors in Fair & Equitable do not necessarily represent a policy position
More informationSTANDARDS GOVERNING CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY IN SENECA COUNTY OHIO
STANDARDS GOVERNING CONVEYANCES OF REAL PROPERTY IN SENECA COUNTY OHIO EFFECTIVE July 8, 1996 Seneca County Auditor FIRST HEARING June 14, 1996 SECOND HEARING June 26, 1996 Seneca County Engineer TABLE
More informationConditions of Sale 2019 Edition. Frequently Asked Questions
Conditions of Sale 2019 Edition Frequently Asked Questions 1 Please explain the proposed change introduced by the Conditions of Sale 2019 Edition Conveyancing practice is changing to a system whereby purchasers
More informationIN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA International Development : Corporation, : Appellant : : v. : No. 1805 C.D. 2010 : Argued: June 6, 2011 Sherwood B. Davidge and Calvery : Crary, their heirs, executors,
More informationwe apply for the necessary searches you make your mortgage application (if applicable)
NOTES FOR BUYERS These notes contain important information about buying a property, and we ask you to read through them carefully. They form an integral part of our conveyancing service, and we hope that
More informationGuide Note 16 Arbitration 1
Guide Note 16 Arbitration 1 Introduction Real estate valuation professionals ( Valuer or Valuers ) are often retained to provide services in arbitration matters 2 either as arbitrators or expert witnesses
More informationREQUIREMENTS FOR ALL INSTRUMENTS OF CONVEYANCE IN GREENE COUNTY
REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL INSTRUMENTS OF CONVEYANCE IN GREENE COUNTY A Greene County policy governing procedures and requirements for acceptance of documents for instruments of conveyance is hereby established.
More informationAVM Validation. Evaluating AVM performance
AVM Validation Evaluating AVM performance The responsible use of Automated Valuation Models in any application begins with a thorough understanding of the models performance in absolute and relative terms.
More informationPage 1 of 5 STANDARD 3: APPRAISAL REVIEW, DEVELOPMENT AND REPORTING In performing an appraisal review, an appraiser acting as a reviewer must develop and report a credible opinion as to the quality of
More information/your guide to buying at auction. brad bell
/your guide to buying at auction brad bell It may seem difficult, or even daunting, but the truth is there are many advantages of purchasing at auction. When the buyer and seller meet, and a conclusive
More informationCertified Federal Surveyor Program Assignment #3, Feedback
Certified Federal Surveyor Program Assignment #3, Feedback Now that you have completed Assignment #3, take a few minutes to review the comments below. We have tried to identify items of special importance,
More informationFOUR POINT SURVEY LAW 1 (ESSE 4660) Cadastral Surveys and Land Registration Systems. Syllabus & Info for Fall, 2018 L E A R N I N G
FOUR POINT L E A R N I N G CONTINUOUS LEARNING FOR LAND PROFESSIONALS SURVEY LAW 1 (ESSE 4660) Cadastral Surveys and Land Registration Systems Syllabus & Info for Fall, 2018 OVERALL GOALS AND PURPOSE The
More informationSecret and Forgotten Elements of Rule 12
Secret and Forgotten Elements of Rule 12 Indiana Society of Professional Land Surveyors Indianapolis, Indiana January 18, 2017 Presented by Gary R. Kent, PS The Schneider Corporation Indianapolis, Indiana
More informationEnglish *P49918A0112* E202/01. Pearson Edexcel Functional Skills. P49918A 2016 Pearson Education Ltd. Level 2 Component 2: Reading
Write your name here Surname Other names Pearson Edexcel Functional Skills English Level 2 Component 2: Reading 14 18 March 2016 Time: 60 minutes You may use a dictionary. Centre Number Candidate Number
More informationSTATE OF MICHIGAN COURT OF APPEALS
STATE OF MICHIGAN COURT OF APPEALS KENNETH H. CORDES, Plaintiff-Counter Defendant- Appellee, UNPUBLISHED June 7, 2012 v No. 304003 Alpena Circuit Court GREAT LAKES EXCAVATING & LC No. 09-003102-CZ EQUIPMENT
More informationIN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA. James Walsh, : Appellant : : v. : NO C.D : East Pikeland Township : Argued: June 5, 2003
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA James Walsh, : Appellant : : v. : NO. 2722 C.D. 2002 : East Pikeland Township : Argued: June 5, 2003 BEFORE: HONORABLE DAN PELLEGRINI, Judge HONORABLE MARY HANNAH
More informationSample Property Questions See Answer Key for Source Material
43. Pursuant to a valid lease agreement between Larry and Tony, Larry agrees to lease his property to Tony for 11 years. Two months later, Larry sells the property to Michael. One year into Tony s lease,
More informationEXPLANATION OF MARKET MODELING IN THE CURRENT KANSAS CAMA SYSTEM
EXPLANATION OF MARKET MODELING IN THE CURRENT KANSAS CAMA SYSTEM I have been asked on numerous occasions to provide a lay man s explanation of the market modeling system of CAMA. I do not claim to be an
More informationDispute Resolution Services Residential Tenancy Branch Office of Housing and Construction Standards Ministry of Housing and Social Development
Dispute Resolution Services Residential Tenancy Branch Office of Housing and Construction Standards Ministry of Housing and Social Development DECISION Dispute Codes: CNC, FF Introduction This matter dealt
More informationUnderstanding Real Property Interests and Deeds» By Brad Dashoff and John Antonacci. Understanding Real Property Interests and Deeds
A service of the ABA General Practice, Solo & Small Firm Division Law Trends & News PRACTICE AREA NEWSLETTER REAL ESTATE Understanding Real Property Interests and Deeds» By Brad Dashoff and John Antonacci
More informationCommon mistakes people make when moving house ( and how to avoid them)
Common mistakes people make when moving house ( and how to avoid them) For many people buying or selling a home is an extremely stressful experience. Usually the process involves a chain of transactions
More informationCertified Federal Surveyor Program Standards of Practice Handbook (Modified February 19, 2013 and November 18, 2014) "Trained to Make a Difference"
Certified Federal Surveyor Program Standards of Practice Handbook (Modified February 19, 2013 and November 18, 2014) "Trained to Make a Difference" Introduction This handbook is designed to document the
More informationeasements negative negative covenants affirmative
1 I. INTRODUCTION TO NON-POSSESSORY INTERESTS IN LAND (REVIEWED) 1. Introduction to non-possessory interests corporeal vs. incorporeal hereditaments iura in re sua vs. iura in re aliena ( rights in his
More informationHow to Find and Retain Good Tenants
How to Find and Retain Good Tenants FIRST THINGS FIRST: ATTRACTING POTENTIAL TENANTS The most effective technique in finding good rental tenants is casting a wide net. A larger pool of tenants to choose
More informationExposure Draft of Proposed Changes to ADVISORY OPINION 21 (AO-21), USPAP Compliance
TO: FROM: RE: All Interested Parties Barry J. Shea, Chair Appraisal Standards Board Exposure Draft of Proposed Changes to ADVISORY OPINION 21 (AO-21), USPAP Compliance DATE: February 22, 2013 The goal
More informationWHAT IS AN APPROPRIATE CADASTRAL SYSTEM IN AFRICA?
WHAT IS AN APPROPRIATE CADASTRAL SYSTEM IN AFRICA? Tommy ÖSTERBERG, Sweden Key words: ABSTRACT The following discussion is based on my experiences from working with cadastral issues in some African countries
More informationCircuit Court, D. Nebraska. October 29, 1888.
SHERWOOD V. MOELLE Circuit Court, D. Nebraska. October 29, 1888. VENDOR AND VENDEE BONA FIDE PURCHASERS QUITCLAIM DEEDS. A grantee in a warranty deed, whose grantor has a warranty deed, and who acts in
More informationIN THE OREGON TAX COURT REGULAR DIVISION Property Tax ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) TC 5193; 5208 OPINION I. INTRODUCTION
IN THE OREGON TAX COURT REGULAR DIVISION Property Tax SENECA SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, LLC, v. Plaintiff, DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, State of Oregon, and LANE COUNTY, a political subdivision of the State of Oregon,
More informationDAWSON COUNTY MINOR PLAT REVIEW CHECKLIST $50.00 FEE PER PLAT REVIEW, $5.00 FEE FOR SCAN & CD FOR RECORDING
DAWSON COUNTY MINOR PLAT REVIEW CHECKLIST $50.00 FEE PER PLAT REVIEW, $5.00 FEE FOR SCAN & CD FOR RECORDING NAME ON PLAT: CONTACT/PHONE #: NAMED STREET/ADDRESS: LAND LOT: DISTRICT: SECTION: ZONING: SETBACKS:
More informationA GENERAL GUIDE TO THE RELOCATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM OF THE PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
A GENERAL GUIDE TO THE RELOCATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM OF THE PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Prepared By: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Right-of-Way Acquisition Unit
More informationIN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA Neal L. Hufford, Edward Young, : and Kozette Young : : v. : No. 1973 C.D. 2014 : Submitted: July 17, 2015 East Cocalico Township Zoning : Hearing Board : : Appeal
More information