Qaṭna and the Networks of Bronze Age Globalism

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1 Qaṭna and the Networks of Bronze Age Globalism Pfälzner, QSS 2.indd :02:20

2 Qat.na Studien Supplementa Übergreifende und vergleichende Forschungsaktivitäten des Qaṭna-Projekts der Universität Tübingen Herausgegeben von Peter Pfälzner Band Harrassowitz Verlag Wiesbaden Pfälzner, QSS 2.indd :03:22

3 Qat.na and the Networks of Bronze Age Globalism Proceedings of an International Conference in Stuttgart and Tübingen in October 2009 Edited by Peter Pfälzner and Michel Al-Maqdissi 2015 Harrassowitz Verlag Wiesbaden Pfälzner, QSS 2.indd :03:22

4 Publication of this book was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Coverdesign: Christiane Hemmerich Konzeption und Gestaltung, Tübingen, Photo on the cover: Inlaid gold rosette from the Royal Hypogeum at Qaṭna (photo: Konrad Wita). Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über abrufbar. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the internet at For further information about our publishing program consult our website Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden 2015 This work, including all of its parts, is protected by copyright. Any use beyond the limits of copyright law without the permission of the publisher is forbidden and subject to penalty. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. Printed on permanent/durable paper. Layout and Typesetting: Anne Wissing (Tübingen) and Alice Bianchi (Doha). Printing and binding: Memminger MedienCentrum AG Printed in Germany ISSN ISBN Pfälzner, QSS 2.indd :03:22

5 Contents Preface of the Editors... IX Section I: Qatna and the International World of the Bronze Age... 1 Networks, Globalization and Power: Reflections on Past Spatialities... 3 Reinhard Bernbeck Beyond the Euphrates: Qatna s Distant Relatives Felix Blocher Mittanian Hegemony in Western and Central Syria Stefano de Martino Qatna and Artistic Internationalism during the Late Bronze Age Marian H. Feldman Styles of Interaction in Ancient Syria Joan Aruz Section II: Qatna and its Syrian Neighbours: Historical Relations and Cultural Contacts Qatna and Inter-Regional Trade in the Second Millennium BC Horst Klengel Suppiluliuma and the Decline of the Mittanian Kingdom Gernot Wilhelm Qaṭna in altsyrischer Zeit Frans van Koppen The Spatial Heritage of Alalakh Any Signs of Localism, Regionalism or Globalism Left Behind? Marlies Heinz Tell Sakka, fouilles syriennes dans la région de Damas Ahmad F. Taraqji Analyse préliminaire d un atelier de production d objets en os à Tell Sakka (Bronze Moyen, Syrie du Sud) Moussab al-besso Intertwined History: Lebanon s Role in the Transmission of Egyptian Culture to Inland Syria in the Middle Bronze Age Hélène Sader La Qadem levantine des Égyptiens était-elle la Cité-État de Qatna/Tell-Mishrifeh syrienne? Henri C. Loffet Ougarit à la lumière des découvertes de Qatna. Remarques sur l industrie de l ivoire et autres matières dures d origine animale Annie Caubet et François Poplin Qatna at the Time of Samsi-Addu Nele Ziegler The Central Syrian States Mirrored in the Amarna Archives Joachim Marzahn QSS2.indb :48:55

6 VI Contents The King s Two Bodies: Political Dimensions of the Royal Cult of the Dead at Ugarit, Byblos and Qatna Herbert Niehr Section III: Materials from Qatna and International Exchange The Art of Qatna and the Question of the International Style Peter Pfälzner Four Kings in Qatna. Some Old Babylonian Seal Legends from the Italian Excavations at Mishrifeh/Qatna Jesper Eidem Les tablettes cunéiformes des premières fouilles de Tell Mishrifeh/Qatna : État de la question Virginie Muller Why Gold is not Forever: Giving and Taking of Jewellery in the Royal Tomb of Qatna Elisa Roßberger Syrischer und Etruskischer Goldschmuck: Technologischer Transfer in orientalisierender Zeit Edilberto Formigli A Touch of Luxury from the Western Fringe of the Ancient World: The Aegean Impact on the Qatna Wall Paintings Constance von Rüden The Interregional Exchange in Qatna as Seen from the Pottery of the Royal Palace and Royal Grave Valeria Paoletti Imports and Local Imitations: The Production, Exchange and Social Significance of Stone Vessels in the Northern Levant during the Second Millennium BC. A Case Study from the Royal Tomb at Qatna Alexander Ahrens Ivory, Bone and Antler in Late Bronze and Iron Age Qatna Luigi Turri Premier bilan sur la coroplastie de Mishrifeh et de sa région (âges du Bronze et du Fer) Eva Ishaq No Textiles? The Value of the Tiniest Scraps in an Archaeological Context Nicole Reifarth The Syrian Wardrobe in the Second Millennium BC: An Iconographical Approach Giulia Baccelli The Special Role of the Royal Tomb of Qatna in Regard to the Bronze Weapons in Syria and the Levant during the Second Millennium BC Ahmad A. al-rawi Section IV: Archaeological and Scientific Investigations at Tell Mishrife/Qatna in a Diachronic Perspective The Lower City Palace at Qatna Daniele Morandi Bonacossi A Scarab of Amenhotep III in Qatna s Lower City Palace Vanessa Boschloos Notes d archéologie levantine: XXXVIII. Travaux archéologiques syriens à Mishrifeh-Qatna au nord-est de Homs (Émèse). Campagnes Michel Al-Maqdissi QSS2.indb :48:56

7 Contents VII Mishrifeh au troisième millénaire av. J.-C. Bilan provisoire des travaux du Chantier (R) «cour du trône» Georges Mouamar Le quartier d habitation dans le chantier de la Coupole de Loth à Qatna Shadi Shabo An Example of Late Bronze Age II Residential Architecture in Area T1 at Mishrife Monica da Ros The Reconstruction of Ceilings and Roofs in Ancient Near Eastern Monumental Architecture Jochen Schmid The Well-Room of the Royal Palace of Qatna and its Analogy to Hazor and Megiddo Conrad Schmidt Rapport préliminaire des résultats des campagnes de fouilles syriennes Le «Palais Est» du Chantier T sur l acropole de Mishrifeh-Qatna Yasmin Kanhoush The Eastern Palace of Qatna and the Middle Bronze Age Architectural Tradition of Western Syria Marco Iamoni Le quartier artisanal nord-est de l âge du Fer II à Mishrifeh (Chantier O) Massoud Badawi Plant Production at Qatna in the Environmental and Supra-Regional Economic Context Simone Riehl The Syrian Elephant Revisited: Preliminary Analysis of the Elephant Bones at Mishrife/Qatna in Late Bronze Age Syria Emmanuelle Vila Deficiency or Overabundance: Insights Gained from the Investigation of Human Bones and Teeth from the Royal Hypogeum of Qatna Carsten Witzel The Human Skeletal Remains from Ancient Qatna (Operations H and T). Bioarchaeological Synthesis and Review Alessandro Canci Section V: Qatna s Role in the Networks of Exchange. Proceedings of Four Discussion Panels Edited by Benjamin Glissmann Introduction Benjamin Glissmann Synthesis Discussion Group I: The Exchange of Styles, Objects and Information. International Style Artefacts Synthesis Discussion Group II: The Exchange of Styles, Objects and Information. International Wall Paintings Synthesis discussion group III: The Historical Reconstructions of the Hittite Expansion Synthesis Discussion Group IV: Pottery and Comparative Chronology of the Middle to Late Bronze Age List of Abbreviations Contact Addresses QSS2.indb :48:56

Qatna and the Networks of Bronze Age Globalism

Qatna-Studien. Supplementa 2 Qatna and the Networks of Bronze Age Globalism Proceedings of an International Conference in Stuttgart and Tübingen in October 2009 Bearbeitet von Peter Pfälzner, Michel Al-Maqdissi