May 6, 2015 Montréal, QC, Canada. Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on

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1 May 6, 2015 Montréal, QC, Canada CobRA 15 Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Exploring Component-based Techniques for Constructing Reference Architectures Sponsored by: ACM SIGSOFT Supported by: IEEE Part of: CompArch 15

2 The Association for Computing Machinery 2 Penn Plaza, Suite 701 New York, New York Copyright 2015 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. (ACM). Permission to make digital or hard copies of portions of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyright for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permission to republish from: permissions@acm.org or Fax +1 (212) For other copying of articles that carry a code at the bottom of the first or last page, copying is permitted provided that the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through Notice to Past Authors of ACM-Published Articles ACM intends to create a complete electronic archive of all articles and/or other material previously published by ACM. If you have written a work that has been previously published by ACM in any journal or conference proceedings prior to 1978, or any SIG Newsletter at any time, and you do NOT want this work to appear in the ACM Digital Library, please inform permissions@acm.org, stating the title of the work, the author(s), and where and when published. ISBN: Additional copies may be ordered prepaid from: ACM Order Department PO Box New York, NY , USA Phone: (USA and Canada) (Global) Fax: acmhelp@acm.org Hours of Operation: 8:30 am 4:30 pm ET Printed in the USA ii

3 Welcome from the CompArch 2015 Chair It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2015 Federated Events on Component-Based Software Engineering and Software Architecture (CompArch 2015), held in Montréal, Canada on May 4 to 7, This year CompArch is co-located with the 12 th Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture WICSA CompArch and WICSA jointly feature keynote speeches, tutorials, four workshops addressing a broad spectrum of topics of great interest in the field, and a dedicated Industry Day with a rich program especially conceived to attract practitioners, and create new links and collaboration opportunities for academia and industry. The joint conference also features a doctoral symposium (WCOP), a poster exhibition and tool demos. The call for papers attracted submissions from Asia, Canada, Australia, Europe, Africa, and the United States. The program committees reviewed and accepted the following: Track Reviewed Accepted Component-based Software Engineering (CBSE) % Quality of Software Architecture (QoSA) % We also encourage attendees to attend the keynote and invited talk presentations. These valuable and insightful talks can and will guide us to a better understanding of the future: Keynote Talk by Jan Bosch (who is currently professor at Chalmers University, Sweden) Keynote Talk by Steve Mellor (who is currently at Industrial Internet) Putting together CompArch 2015 was a team effort. We first thank the authors for providing the content of the program. We are grateful to the program committees of the many events and their respective chairs, who worked very hard in reviewing papers and providing feedback for authors. Finally, we thank the hosting engineering school: the Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (part of the Université du Québec à Montréal), and our key sponsor: ACM SigSoft. We hope that you will find this program interesting and thought-provoking and that the symposium will provide you with a valuable opportunity to share ideas with other researchers and practitioners from institutions around the world. And enjoy your stay in the Belle Province! Philippe Kruchten CompArch 15 General Chair UBC, Vancouver, Canada Roger Champagne CompArch 15 Local host ETS, Montréal, Canada iii

4 CobRA 2015 Chairs Welcome It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the First International Workshop on Exploring Component-based Techniques for Constructing Reference Architectures (CobRA 2015), a halfday workshop at the 12th Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software, 4 7 May 2015, Montréal, Canada. While WICSA is mainly concerned with software architecture, including architecture description and documentation, variability in architecture, architectures for software product lines, CBSE is concerned with component-based software development, mainly component models, techniques, and supporting tools. In the context of software architecture, reference architecture refers to a special type of software architecture, which contains the essence of the software architectures of software systems of a given application domain. Reference architectures have been widely explored as a basis for development, standardization, and evolution of software systems. They can also be used as a basis for building product line architectures in the context of software product line engineering. Component-based techniques for software development create software architectures alongside software systems. So it would seem that such techniques, when based on suitable component models, may be able to enhance the practical significance of reference architectures, by providing techniques for constructing reference architectures, or their key elements, as software artefacts. The main goal of CobRA 2015 is to bring together researchers and practitioners from both WICSA and CBSE to examine and discuss this challenge and related issues, with a view to identifying directions for future research. In response to our Call for Papers, there were 5 submissions, all short papers, and 4 were accepted. This volume includes these papers, as well as an invited talk by Matthias Galster, University of Canterbury, New Zealand, and an introductory talk by the workshop chairs. We wish to thank the authors for their submissions, and the program committee members and reviewers for reviewing the papers. Finally, we hope you will find the workshop interesting and stimulating. We very much look forward to collaborating with you on bringing together component-based techniques and reference architectures. Kung-Kiu Lau CobRA 2015 Program Co-Chair The University of Manchester, UK Elisa Yumi Nakagawa CobRA 2015 Program Co-Chair University of São Paulo, Brazil iv

5 Table of Contents CompArch 2015 Organization... vi CobRA 2015 Workshop Organization... viii Chairs Introduction, Invited Talk, Paper Session Chair: Elisa Yumi Nakagawa (University of São Paulo) (Reference) Architecture = Components + Composition (+ Variation Points)... 1 Kung-Kiu Lau, Simone Di Cola (The University of Manchester) Software Reference Architectures: Related Architectural Concepts and Challenges... 5 Matthias Galster (University of Canterbury) Do Reference Architectures can Contribute to Standardizing Variability Management Tools?... 9 Edson Oliveira Jr, Ana P. Allian (State University of Maringá) Papers Session Chair: Kung-Kiu Lau (University of Manchester) An Analysis of Reference Architectures for the Internet of Things Everton Cavalcante (Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte & Université de Bretagne-Sud), Marcelo Pitanga Alves (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro), Thais Batista (Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte), Flavia C. Delicato, Paulo F. Pires (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) Towards a Formal Description of Reference Architectures for Embedded Systems Milena Guessi, Lucas B. R. Oliveira (University of São Paulo & University of South Brittany), Lina Garcés (University of São Paulo), Flavio Oquendo (University of South Brittany) On the Equivalence between Reference Architectures and Metamodels Valdemar V. Graciano Neto (Universidade Federal de Goiás), Lina Garcés,Milena Guessi, Lucas Bueno R. de Oliveira (University of São Paulo), Flavio Oquendo (Université de Bretagne Sud) Author Index v

6 CompArch 2015 Organization General Chair: Program Chairs: Workshop Chairs: Tutorial Chair: Proceedings chair: Tools demos: Local Arrangements Chair: Webmaster: Publicity Chair: Treasurer & Finance Chair: Steering Committee Chair: Steering Committee: Philippe Kruchten (University of British Columbia, Canada) Ipek Ozkaya (Software Engineering Institute, USA) Heiko Koziolek (ABB Corporate Research, Germany) Steffen Becker (Technische Universität Chemnitz, Germany) Jean-Guy Schneider (Swinburne University of Technology, Australia) Grace Lewis (Software Engineering Institute, USA) Henry Muccini (University of l Aquila, Italy) Ivica Crnkovic (Chalmers University, Sweden) Patrizio Pelliccione (Chalmers University, Sweden) Eric Harper (ABB, USA) Roger Champagne (Ecole de Technologie Supérieure, Canada) Rich Hilliard (independent, USA) Davide Falessi (CalPoly, USA) Yan Liu (Concordia University, Canada) Clemens Szyperski (Microsoft, USA) Steffen Becker (Technische Universität Chemnitz, Germany) Barbora Buhnova, (Masaryk University, Czech Republic) Ivica Crnkovic (Chalmers University, Sweden) Holger Giese (University of Potsdam, Germany) Ian Gorton (Software Engineering Institute, USA) Lars Grunske (Swinburne University of Technology, Australia) George Heineman, (Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA) Jan Kofron (Charles University, Czech Republic) Grace Lewis (Software Engineering Institute, USA) Raffaela Mirandola (Politecnico di Milano, Italy) Sven Overhage (Universität Augsburg / Oversoft, Germany) Frantisek Plasil (Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic) Ralf Reussner (Universität Karlsruhe (KIT) Germany) Heinz Schmidt (RMIT University, Australia) Judith Stafford (Colorado University, USA) vi

7 Sponsor: In cooperation with: Supporters: vii

CobRA 2015 Workshop Organization Program Co-Chairs: Kung-Kiu Lau (The University of Manchetser, UK) Elisa Yumi Nakagawa (University of São Paulo, Brazil) Program Committee: Paris Avgeriou (University

8 CobRA 2015 Workshop Organization Program Co-Chairs: Kung-Kiu Lau (The University of Manchetser, UK) Elisa Yumi Nakagawa (University of São Paulo, Brazil) Program Committee: Paris Avgeriou (University of Groningen, The Netherlands) Martin Becker (Fraunhofer IESE, Germany) Tomas Bures (Charles University, Czech Republic) Dominik Domis (ABB Corporate Research, Germany) Xavier Franch (Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Spain) Matthias Galster (University of Canterbury, New Zealand) John Klein (Carnegie Mellon SEI, USA) José Carlos Maldonado (University of São Paulo, Brazil) Flavio Oquendo (IRISA University of South Brittany, France) Heinz Schmidt (RMIT, Australia) Judith Stafford (University of Colorado, Boulder, USA) Additional reviewer: Silverio Martínez-Fernández Sponsored by: viii

Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6092

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