TRANSNATIONAL LITIGATION AND COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION

Transcription

1 TRANSNATIONAL LITIGATION AND COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION A Comparative Analysis of American, European, and International Law Joseph M. Lookofsky Transnational Juris Publications, Inc. Ardsley-on-Hudson, New York DJ0F Publications Copenhagen, DENMARK

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE iii CHAPTER 1 SUBSTANCE & PROCEDURE IN TRANSNATIONAL DISPUTES 1.1 Introduction Themes and Cross-Currents in Transnational Litigation 6 CHAPTER 2 EXTRATERRITORIAL JURISDICTION 2.1 Introduction Jurisdiction to Adjudicate Bases of Jurisdiction Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Under EC Law: The Brüssels Convention Convention Overview Jurisdiction in Contract Cases 33 A. Place of Performance 33 Tessili v. Dunlop (1976) 33 Notes, Questions & Commentary 43 De Bloos v. Bouyer (1976) 44 Notes, Questions & Commentary 50 Ivenel v. Schwab (1981) 51 Notes, Questions & Commentary 55 Shenavai v. Kreischer (1985) 57 Notes, Questions & Commentary 62 B. Jurisdictional Clauses: an Introduction to Article Salotti v. RUWA (1976) 66 Notes, Questions & Commentary 74 Zeiger v. Salinitri (1979) 79 Notes, Questions & Commentary 83 C. Ancillary Jurisdiction & Lis Pendens 84 Zeiger v. Salinitri (1983) 86 Notes, Questions & Commentary Jurisdiction in Tort 94 Bier v. Mines de Potasse (1976) 95 Notes, Questions & Commentary 105 Arcado v. Haviland (1987) 107 Notes, Questions & Commentary 112 Minster Investments v. Hyundai (1988) 114 Notes, Questions & Commentary 118

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Doing Business Abroad: an Introduction to Article 5(5) 119 De Bloos v. Bouyer (1976) 123 Notes, Questions & Commentary 127 Schotte v. Parfüms Rothschild (1986) 129 Notes, Questions & Commentary The Lugano Convention Jurisdiction Under English Law Introduction Jurisdiction in Contract Under English Law..138 Underweser Reederei v. Zapata Off-Shore (1969) 140 Notes, Questions & Commentary 146 Brinkebon Ltd. v. Stahag Stahl (1982) 147 Notes, Questions & Commentary 151 Spiliada Maritime v. Cansulex (1987) 152 Notes, Questions & Commentary 160 Ronleigh Ltd. v. MII Exports (1988) 161 Notes, Questions & Commentary Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Under American Law Long-Arm Jurisdiction; State & Federal Courts; and Due Process 165 World-Wide Volkswagen v. Woodson (1980) 171 Notes, Questions & Commentary 179 Helicopteros Nacionales v. Hall (1984) 180 Notes, Questions & Commentary Jurisdiction in Contract Cases 186 A. Supplementary Rules 186 Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz (1985) 187 Notes, Questions & Commentary 195 Afram Export v. Metallurgiki Halyps (1985).197 Notes, Questions & Commentary 201 B. Contract Jurisdiction Quasi in Rem 206 Majique Fashions v. Warwick (1979) 207 Notes, Questions & Commentary 212 C. Forum Agreement 213 M/S Bremen v. Zapata Off-Shore (1972) 215 Notes, Questions & Commentary 222 Volkswagenwerk v. Klippan GmbH (1980) Notes, Questions & Commentary Jurisdiction in Tort 234 Asahi Metal v. Superior Court of California (1987) 237 Notes, Questions & Commentary 244

4 2.5.4 Forum Non Conveniens 247 Pain v. United Technologies (1980) 248 Notes, Questions & Commentary 258 In re. Union Carbide Disaster, Bhopal (1984) 262 Notes, Questions & Commentary Extraterritorial Jurisdiction & the Corporate Veil 268 Bulova Watch Company v K. Hattori & Co. (1981) 272 Notes, Questions & Commentary 282 Colcord v. Armstrong World Indus. (1985)..283 Notes, Questions & Commentary 287 CHAPTER 3 THE APPLICABLE LAW - IN CONTRACT & TORT 3.1 General Introduction European Law Contract Conflicts and the Rome Convention 296 A. Party Autonomy 298 EC Commission v. CO DE MI (1981) 300 B. Supplementary Rules 306 Munchener Heilpraktiker v. Henriksen (1988) 309 C. Mandatory Rules 313 D. Interpretation 321 Forsikringsselskabet Vesta v. Butcher (1989) Sales Law Conflicts 330 A. Introduction 330 B Hague Convention 332 C Vienna Convention 333 D Hague Convention Tort Conflicts 336 A. Non-Contractual Obligations; 1972 Draft, etc. 336 B. Selected Cases from National Law 341 Boys v. Chaplin (1971) 341 Krsegpoth v. Rasmussen (1982) Hague Products Liability Convention American Law Introduction: Significant Contacts & Governmental Interests Contracts and Sales 379 Madaus v. November Hill Farm (1986) 381 Notes, Questions & Commentary 386 Nordson Corp. v. Plasschaert (1982) 389 Notes, Questions & Commentary 395 St. Paul Insurance v. Int'l. Playtex (1989)...401

5 v! TABLE OF CONTENTS Tort Conflicts: General Principles 410 Babcock v. Jackson (1963) 411 Barkanic v. General Aviation [China] (1991) Product Liability 427 Trahan v. Squibb (1983) 429 Kozoway v. Massey-Ferguson, Inc. (1989) 437 CHAPTER 4 EXTRATERRITORIAL SERVICE & EVIDENCE ABROAD 4.1 General Introduction The Service of Process on Defendants Abroad Introduction Service Under European Law Service Under American Law The Hague Service Convention 453 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft v. Schlunk (1988) 455 Notes, Questions and Commentary The Taking of Evidence Abroad Introduction The Taking of Evidence under National Law The Hague Evidence Convention 474 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale v. United States District Court (1987) 477 Notes, Questions and Commentary 489 CHAPTER 5 RECOGNITION & ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN JUDGMENTS 5.1 General Introduction Enforcement Under European Law Enforcement Under National Law 495 Adams & Others v. Cape Industry (1989) Notes, Questions & Commentary Recognition & Enforcement Under the Brüssels Convention 514 Debaeker & Plouvier v. Bouwman (1985) Notes, Questions & Commentary Recognition & Enforcement Under American Law 534 Somportex Limited v. Philadelphia Chewing Gum Corp. (1972) 538 Notes, Questions & Commentary 543 Ackerman v. Levine (1986) 546 Notes, Questions & Commentary 556

6 CHAPTER 6 INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION 6.1 Introduction: the Arbitration Alternative The Arbitral Scenario, Institutions and Applicable Laws The Arbitral Scenario Institutional Arbitration From Procedure to Conflicts and Substantive Law International Regulation: An Introduction to the 1958 New York Convention Pre-Award Enforcement Contract Formation, Interpretation & Validity 583 Zambia Steel & Building Supplies v. James Clark & Eaton Ltd. (1986) 585 McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Kingdom of Denmark (1985) 595 Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Soler Chrysler- Plymouth, Inc. (1985) Interim Measures Post-Award Enforcement Introduction Judicial Review in the Country of Origin 620 Pioneer Shipping v. B.T.P. Tioxide (The Nema) (1981) 622 Bergesen v. Joseph Muller Corporation (1983) Recognition & Enforcement of Foreign Awards 639 Parsons & Whittemore Inc. v. Rakta (1974).641 International Standard Electric Corp. v. Bridas Sociedad Anonima Petrolera (1990) 652 Deutsche Schachtbau - Und Tiefbohrgesellschaft mbh (DST) v. Ras AI Khaimah National Oil Co (Raknoc) (1987)..661 vi! APPENDIX KEY CONVENTION TEXTS I. EC Jurisdiction & Judgments Convention 673 II. Rome Contracts Convention 697 III. Hague Convention on Law Applicable in Sales 709 IV. Hague Product Liability Convention 713 V. Hague Convention on Service of Process 717 VI. Hague Convention on Evidence Abroad 725 VII. UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 735

7 VÜI TABLE OF CONTENTS VIII. UNCITRAL Model Law of International Arbitration 753 IX. New York Convention on Arbitral Awards..766 TABLE OF CASES 771 INDEX 777